2011届中考英语专题复习2.doc

2011届中考英语专题复习二：形容词、副词考点讲解和训练【考点直击】1.形容词的用法；2.副词的用法；3.形容词和副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法；4.形容词和副词在句中的区别和位置。【名师点睛】1.形容词的用法(1)形容词在句中作定语,表语,宾语补足语。例如：Ourcountryisabeautifulcountry.(作定语)Thefishwentbad.(作表语)Wekeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.(作宾语补足语)(2)形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythinginterestinginthefilm.(3)用and或or连接起来的两个形容词作定语时一般把它们放在被修饰的名词后面。起进一步解释的作用。Everybody,manandwoman,oldandyoung,shouldattendthemeeting.Youcantakeanyboxaway,bigorsmall.(4)the+形容词表示一类人或物Therichshouldhelpthepoor.2.副词的用法(1)副词在句中可作状语,表语和定语。Hestudiesveryhard.(作状语)Lifehereisfullofjoy.(作定语)Whenwillyoubeback?(作表语)副词按其用途和含义可分为下面五类：1)时间副词时间副词通常用来表示动作的时间。常见的时间副词有：nowtoday,tomorrow,yesterday,before,late,early,never,seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always等。例如：Heoftencomestoschoollate.Whatarewegoingtodotomorrow?HeisneverbeentoBeijing.2)地点副词地点副词通常用来表示动作发生的地点。常见的地点副词有：here,there,inside,outside,home,upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere,somewhere,down,up,off,on,in,out等。例如：Imetanoldfriendofmineonmywayhome.Hewentupstairs.Putdownyournamehere.3)方式副词方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的?”这类问题的，其中绝大部分都是由一个形容词加词尾-ly构成的,有少数方式副词不带词尾-ly,它们与形容词同形。常见的方式副词有：anxiously,badly,bravely,calmly,carefully,proudly,rapidly,suddenly,successfully,angrily,happily,slowly,warmly,well,fast,slow,quick,hard,alone,high,straight,wide等。例如：Theoldmanwalkedhomeslowly.Pleaselistentotheteachercarefully.Thebirdsareflyinghigh.Herunsveryfast.4)程度副词程度副词多数用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语。常见的程度副词有：much,(a)little,abit,very,so,too,enough,quite,rather,pretty,greatly,completely,nearly,almost,deeply,hardly,partly等。例如：Herpronunciationisverygood.Shesingsquitewell.Icanhardlyagreewithyou.5)疑问副词是用来引导特殊疑问句的副词。常见的疑问副词有：how,when,where,why等。例如：Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudies?Wherewereyouyesterday?Whydidyoudothat?(2)副词在句中的位置1)多数副词作状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。例如：MrSmithworksveryhard.ShespeaksEnglishwell.2)频度副词作状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和be动词之后。例如：Heusuallygetsupearly.Iveneverheardhimsinging.Sheisseldomill.3)程度副词一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面,但enough作副词用时，通常放在被修饰词的后面。例如：Itisaratherdifficultjob.Herunsveryfast.Hedidntworkhardenough.4)副词作定语时，一般放在被修饰的名词之后。例如：Onmywayhome,Imetmyuncle.Thestudentstherehavealottimetodotheirownresearchwork.(3)部分常用副词的用法1)very,much这两个副词都可表示“很”，但用法不同。Very用来修饰形容词和副词的原级，而much用来修饰形容词和副词的比较级。例如：SheisaverynicegirlImfeelingmuchbetternow.Much可以修饰动词，而very则不能。例如：Idontliketheideamuch.Theydidnottalkmuch.2)too,either这两个副词都表示“也”，但too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。例如：Shecandance,andIcandance,too.Ihaventreadthebookandmybrotherhasnteither.3)already,yetalready一般用于语肯定句，yet一般用于否定句。例如：Hehasalreadyleft.Haveyouheardfromhimyet?Hehasntansweredyet.4)so,neitherso和neither都可用于倒装句，但so表示肯定，neither表示否定。例如：MybrotherlikesfootballandsodoI.MybrotherdoesntlikedancingandneitherdoI.3.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级(1)两个人或事物的比较时(不一定每一方只有一个人或一个事物)，用比较级。Ourteacheristallerthanweare.Theboysinherclassaretallerthantheboysinyourclass.(2)most同形容词连用而不用the,表示极,很,非常,十分。Itsmostdangeroustobehere.在这儿太危险。(3)The+形容词比较级.,the+形容词比较级.表示越.就越.。Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.(4)形容词比较级+and+形容词比较级,表示越来越.。Itsgettinghotterandhotter.(5)主语+谓语(系动词)+as+形容词原形+as+从句。表示两者对比相同。Thisboxisasbigasmine.(6)the+形容词表示某种人。Healwayshelpsthepoor.(7)形容词和副词最高级用于三个或三个以上的人和物进行比较。ShanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina.【实例解析】1.-Whichis_,thesun,themoonortheearth?-Ofcoursethemoonis.A.smallB.smallerC.smallestD.thesmallest答案：D。该题考查的是形容词的比较等级的用法。因为是太阳，地球和月亮三者进行比较，选用形容词的最高级，而且最高级之前要加定冠词the。所以选D。2.Hehasmade_progressthistermthanbefore.A.littleB.lessC.fewerD.much答案B。该题考查的是形容词比较等级的用法。因为是现在和过去进行比较，所以要用比较级，又因为是修饰不可数名词，只能用less,而不能用fewer。3.-Whatdeliciouscakes!-Theywouldtaste_withbutter.A.goodB.betterC.badD.worse答案：B。该题考查的是形容词的比较等级。答话人的意思应该是“如果加上点黄油，这些蛋糕会更好吃。”这里就有一种比较：加黄油和不加黄油。既然是比较，就要用比较级。因为这里讲的是好吃和更好吃，所以C,D要舍去，而选better。4.Bobneverdoeshishomework_Mary.Hemakeslotsofmistakes.A.socarefulasB.ascarefullyasC.carefullyasD.ascarefulas答案：B。该题考查的是形容词和副词的用法区别。因为该词修饰的是动作“做家庭作业”，所以要用副词。又因为表示一方不如另一方要用句型“notas+副词原级+as”，所以只能选B。【中考演练】一.单项填空1.Therearemanyyoungtreesonsidesoftheroad.A.everyB.eachC.bothD.all2.-Itssocoldtoday.-Yes,itsthanitwasyesterday.A.morecoldB.morecolderC.muchcolderD.cold3.LittleTomhasfriends,soheoftenplaysalone.A.moreB.alittleC.manyD.few4.Sheisntsoatmathsasyouare.A.wellB.goodC.betterD.best5.Peterwritesofthethree.A.betterB.bestC.goodD.well6.Heisenoughtocarrytheheavybox.A.strongerB.muchstrongerC.strongD.thestrongest7.Iboughtexercise-bookswithmoney.A.afew；afewB.afew；alittleC.alittle；afewD.alittle；alittle8.Theboxisheavyforthegirlcarry.A.too；toB.to；tooC.so；thatD.no；to9.Theiceinthelakeisaboutonemeter.Itsstrongenoughtoskateon.A.longB.highC.thickD.wide10.WuLinranfasterthantheotherboysinthesportsmeeting.A.soB.muchC.veryD.too11.Jonelooksso_todaybecauseshehasgotan“A”inhermathstest.A.happyB.happilyC.angryD.angrily12.Thesmileonmyfathersfaceshowedthathewas_withme.A.sadB.pleasedC.angryD.sorry13.-Mum,couldyoubuymeadresslikethis?-Certainly,wecanbuy_onethanthis,but_this.A.abetter；betterthanB.aworse；asgoodasC.acheaper；asgoodasD.amoreimportant；goodas14.-Thisdigitalcameraisreallycheap!-The_thebetter.Imshortofmoney,yousee.A.cheapB.cheaperC.expensiveD.moreexpensive15.IfyouwanttolearnEnglishwell,youmustuseitas_aspossible.A.oftenB.longC.hardD.soon16.Paulhas_friendsexceptme,andsometimeshefeelslonely.A.manyB.someC.fewD.more17.Englishpeople_useMr.Beforeamansfirstname.A.neverB.usuallyC.oftenD.sometimes18.-OnemoresatellitewassentupintospaceinChinainMay.-Right.Thegovernmentspoke_that.A.highlyforB.highofC.wellofD.highlyof19.-Rememberthis,children._carefulyouare,_mistakesyouwillmake.-Weknow,MissGao.A.Themore；themoreB.Thefewer；themoreC.Themore；thefewerD.Theless；theless20.Ihave_todotoday.A.anythingimportantB.somethingimportantC.importantnothingD.importantsomething二.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Mypursewasstolenonthebusyesterday._(Fortunate),therewasnomoneyinit.2.Mobilephonesare_(wide)usedinmostofthecitiesinChina.3.Heputonhiscoatandwentout_(quick).4.Sheis_(good)thanLiPingatswimming.5.AlotChinesepeopleare_(pride)ofYaoMing,afamousbasketballstarinNBA.6.Tooursurprise,hesuddenlyreturnedonacold_(snow)night.7.Allieaskedme_(polite)toputthethingsaway.8.Itssnowinghard.Youmustdrive_(careful).9.Theearthweliveonis_(big)thanthemoon.10.Hainanisaverylargeisland.Itsthesecond_(large)islandinChina.三.用适当的形容词或副词填空(首字母已给出)1.Alargenumberofmouthsmustbefedinthoselessd_countries.2.ThateveningBee