2018届高三英语一轮总复习专题2.1CultureRelics真题回放含解析.docx

专题2.1 Culture Relics【导学案】单词识记1. adj.贵重的；有价值的 n.价值 v估价 adj.无法估价的，无价的2. vi.幸免；生幸存还 n.幸存者 n.幸存，存活3. vt.使吃惊；惊讶 adj.令人吃惊的 adj.感到吃惊的 n惊奇，惊异4. vt.挑选；选择 adj.有选择性的5. n.设计；图案；构思 vt.设计；计划；构思 n.设计者6. v.装饰；装修 n.装饰，装饰物7. n.珠宝；宝石 n.珠宝(总称)8. vt.移动；搬开 n.移动；排除9. n.怀疑；疑惑vt.怀疑；不信 adj.怀疑的10. adj.以前的；从前的11. prep.值得的，相当于的价值n.价值；作用adj.值钱的12. n根据；证据 adj.明显的；有线索的13. vi.爆炸 n爆炸14. n入口15. vi.下沉；沉下16. n.争论；辩论vi.争论；辩论【解析】本题重点考查对本单元所学重点单词的识别记忆。短语回顾1.in search 寻找2.belong 属于3. return作为报答；回报4. war处于交战状态5.less 少于6.be designed 为而设计的7.serve 充当；担任8.add. .把加到上9.take 拆开；分开10.think highly 看重；器重11.debate with sb. sth.与某人辩论某事12. a trial在审判中13.care 关心；在乎14.rather 而不是15.the entrance .的入口【真题回放】1.（2017天津）9. My eldest son, _ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.A. that B. whose C. his D. who【答案】B【解析】试题分析：本句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是My eldest son, 根据句意和空后名词确定引导词在从句中作定语，选项中只有whose修饰名词作定语。故选B。考点：考查定语从句。【名师点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whom, as, who在从句中作主语、宾语、表语；whose作定语；where, why, when分别在句中作地点状语、原因状语和时间状语。要分析定语从句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。2.（2017江苏）28. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of_purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A.which B.its C.whose D.whom 【答案】C【解析】本题考查非限制性定语从句，关系代词whose引导定语从句并且在定语从句中作purpose的定语。which, whom在定语从句中不能作定语，its不能引导定语从句，故选C。3.（2017天津）8. I _ down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.A. was driving B. have driven C. would drive D. drove【答案】A考点：考查动词时态。【名师点睛】此题考查与时态有关的固定句型：was/ were doing sth + when (suddenlu) did .，这个常用固定句型是学生必须掌握的重点句型之一，此句型还有另外两种结构：was / were about to do + when sth did; had done + when sth did。在这三个句型中，when为并列连词，意为：就在这时（那时）。4.（2017天津）13. We offer an excellent education to our students. _, we expect students to work hard.A. On average B. At best C. In return D. After all【答案】C考点：考查介词短语辨析。【名师点睛】辨析介词短语没有捷径，平时要加强背诵，做题时要弄懂句意和上下文的逻辑关系，进行判断。学生平时要特别注意这方面的积累。5. （2017北京）31. The little problems _ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.A. that B. as C. where D. when 【答案】A考点：考查定语从句。【名师点睛】定语从句的关系词分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, that, which, as ）和关系副词（when, where, why）。1. 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语，定语等成分。关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。eg. An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings.The city where / in which I was born is on the new railway line.2. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可省略（非限定性定语从句中不可省略）。e.g. I find it difficult to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.I find it difficult to cooperate with the one who always sticks to his own opinion.The suit (which / that ) the tailor made for me doesnt fit me.3. 非限定性定语从句中，关系词均不可省略。注意关系代词that, 关系副词why, 不可用于非限定性定语从句。4. 作介词宾语的关系代词 在限制和非限制性定语从句中，关系代词作介词宾语，即介词+关系代词，whom用于指人，which用于指物，不能用that。e.g. The man with whom you shook hands just now is head of our department.Mrs. Nye, with whom you shook hands just now, is head of our department.The room in which my family live used to be a garage.6. (2016北京)22. I live next door to a couple _ children often make a lot of noise.A. whose B. why C. where D. which【答案】A【解析】试题分析：题目考查定语从句的关系词。a couple是先行词，这对夫妻的孩子很吵，children和couple是所属关系，故用whose作定语，whose children相当于the children of whom，故选A。考点：考查定语从句7.(2016江苏)23.Many young people, most _were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.A. of which B.of them C.of whom D.of those【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是Many young people，关系代词whom指代先行词，在定语从句中作介词of的宾语。故C项正确。考点：考查定语从句8.( 2016天津)We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _ the weather may be better. A. that B. where C. which D. when【答案】D【解析】考点：考查定语从句。9.( 2016浙江)11. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of _ has been proved.A. whom B. which C. what D. that【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：关于人类为什么哭的时候会流泪，科学家已经提出了很多理论，没有一个被证明了。使用定语从句，先行词是theories，指物，定语从句中用代词+介词+关系代词which引导。故选B。考点：考查定语从句。10.（2015湖南）It is a truly delightful place, _ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.A. as B. whereC. thatD. which【答案】D【解析】试题分析：根据分析，此句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是place，在定语从句中是作主语的，所以用关系代词引导。As引导非限定性定语从句时要放在句首，故排除，选用which。句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，这里的蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的。故选D。学%11.（2015天津）15.The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their work.A. where B. whichC. whenD. who【答案】A【解析】句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。根据句意可知选A。12. (2015陕西) 15.As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the timehe should be able to be independent.A. which B. where C. whom D. when【答案】D 【解析】句意：作为家里最小的孩子，Alex总是渴望他能够有独立的时间。这里使用定语从句，先行词是the time，定语从句中缺少时间状语，用关系副词when，所以选D。13. (2015福建) 34.China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. A. whoB. whomC. thatD. which【答案】D【考点定位】考查非限制性定语从句14. (2015安徽) 28.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon_school education depends.A. itB. thatC. whoseD. which【答案】D【解析】句意：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。it不能引导定语从句；that不用于介词之后；whose作定语，其后需有名词；depend on/upon依靠，依赖，介词后只能用which或whom来构成定语从句的引导词，故选D。15.（2017新课标全国卷）第三部分 英语知识运用第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest). Instead, she is earning 6500 a day as 62 model in New York. Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants 65 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture. Sarah says, My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I dont want to have nothing else to fall back on when I cant model any more.61. resting 考查非谓语动词。 固定短语：spend time doing sth花费时间做某事。66. education 考查词形转换。形容词性物主代词后面应该接名词形式。67. invitations 考查名词单复数。several修饰可数名词复数形式，故填invitations。68. in 考查介词。in表示在某方面，获得某项学位 get a degree in。69. comes 考查动词。根据语境可知Sarah认为当下应该是学业第一，说明现在的情况应该用一般现在时。70. certainly 考查副词。修饰动词应该用副词形式，故填certainly。16.（2016新课标全国卷）第三部分 英语知识运用第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 61 (attract). So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I 62 （allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 63 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 64 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 65 I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 67 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia. On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68 (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few 69 ( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 70 other is with mumshe never suspects.【答案】61. attraction 62. was allowed 63. officially 64.to 65. when66. permitted67. introducing 68. its69. days70. the【解析】试题分析：65. when考查定语从句。后面是非限制性定语从句，缺少状语，先行词是时间故填when。66. permitted 考查过去分词。被修饰名词和permit之间是被动关系，用过去分词。67. introducing考查现在分词。介词后面用动名词。68. its考查代词。指代前面的twin，用its。69. days考查名词复数。few修饰复数名词。70. the考查冠词。one the other “一个另一个”。考点：短文填空17.（2016新课标全国卷）第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题；每小题15分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。In much of Asia, especially the so-calledrice bowl cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 41 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 42 (make) of gold and