having done 状语.ppt

在努力工作了一整天后，我很早上床了。,AfterIhadworkedhardallday,Iwenttobedearly.,Havingworkedhardallday,Iwenttobedearly.,Ingforasadverbialfromthetext:Havingcollectedandevaluatedtheinformation,IhelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromtheVolcanowillflownext.2.Havingworkedhardallday,Iwenttobedearly.3.HavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,Ididnttakemuchnotice.4.Havingearliercollectedspecialclothesfromtheobservatory,weputthemonbeforewewentanycloser.5.Havingstudiedvolcanoesnowformanyyears,IamStillamazedattheirbeautyaswellastheirpotentialTocausegreatdamage.,Lookingcarefullyattheground,Imademywaytotheedgeofthecrater.,HavingexperiencedquiteafewearthquakesinHawaiialready,Ididnttakemuchnotice.,Theingformusedasanadverbial,Having+pastparticiple(theperfect-ingform)referringtoanactionthattookplacebeforethetimeexpressedbymainverb,Usinglanguage:,动词-ing（现在分词）作状语,V-ing作状语时表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语表示的动作或状态时同时或几乎同时发生的，或是先于谓语动词发生，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。V-ing作状语常表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、让步、结果，多用逗号跟句子其他成分隔开。Iwasfeelingtired.Iwenttobedearly.Iworkedhardallday.Iwenttobedearly.,Feelingtired,Iwenttobedearly.,Havingworkedhardallday,Iwenttobedearly.,作时间状语,Walkingalongthestreet,ImetMary.,=WhileIwaswalkingalongthestreet,ImetMary.,Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.,作原因状语,Beingtired,Istoppedtotakearest.,=BecauseIwastired,Istoppedtotakearest.,Notknowingheraddress,wecouldntgetintouchwithher.,作条件状语,Turningtotheleft,youwillfindtheschool.,=Ifyouturntheleft,youwillfindtheschool.,Ifyouworkhard,youllsucceed.,=Workinghard,youllsucceed.,作让步状语,KnowingwhereIlive,henevercomestoseeme.,=ThoughheknowswhereIlive,henevercomestoseeme.,作伴随状语,1.Istoodthere,waitingforher.,=Istoodthere,andwaitedforher.,2.Thechildrenlaughedandtalkedmerrily,andtheyranoutoftheroom.,=Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandtalkingmerrily.,表结果Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingheralargefortune.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftheralargefortune),全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受欢迎的歌曲。,Thesongissungalloverthecountry,_.,makingitthemostpopularsong,如V-ing表动作发生在谓语之前,则要用V-ing完成式:Having+P.P(过去分词).,主语+谓语Having+been+P.P(过去分词),.1.Aftershehadfinishedherwork,shewenthome.2.Aswehaveinvitedhimheretospeak,wedbettergotohislecture.3.Aftertheclasshadbeencleaned，itwastidy,Havingfinishedherwork,shewenthome.,Havinginvitedhimheretospeak,wedbettergotohislecture.,Havingbeencleaned,theclassroomwastidy.,AttentionPlease,1.-ing形式作状语时,它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。,Timepermitting,Iwillpayavisittothewholecity.(分词的逻辑主语是time,而句子的主语是I,两者不构成主谓关系,所以只能用独立主格结构,也就是给现在分词补充一个主语。),1.Addictinghimselftoplayingviolin,hedidntnoticethethiefenterthehouse.2.Addictedtoplayingviolin,hedidntnoticethethiefenterthehouse.Givenmoretime,welldoitbetter.,-ing形式作状语时,与逻辑主语必须是主动。若构成被动，或表示状态，则用-ed形式，如exposedto,bathedin,absorbedin,dressedin,lostin,trappedin,accustomedto,与逻辑主语构成独立主格：Asalltheticketshavebeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.=Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.Iftimepermits,wewillgooutforapicnic.=Timepermitting,wellgooutforapicnic.,thisbeingmyexperience,Istayedatthetopandwatchedthem.独立主格结构。=Asthisismyexperience,Istayedatthetopandwatchedthem.=Thisismyexperience,soIstayedatthetopandwatchedthem.独立主格结构由“名词/代词形容词/副词/现在分词/过去分词/不定式/介词短语/名词/数词”(非谓语)构成，在句中可做条件状语、时间状语、原因状语、伴随状语等。,Ifweatherpermits,wellgooutforapicnic.Weather_,wellgooutforapicnic.Asthereisnobus,Iwalkedhome.There_nobus,Iwalkedhome.Iwentbackhomewithworkfinished.Work_,Iwentbackhome.如果给我们更多的时间，我们会做得更好。(表示条件)There_anotherchance,hewilltryhisbest.假如再有一次机会，他会尽力而为。Moretime_,weshouldhavedoneitmuchbetter.,permitting,being,finished,given,being,有时也可用with(without)+名词（代词宾格）+分词形式Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.1.Withtheteacher_(assist)us,wecandoiteasily.2.Withwork_(finish),theywillhavearest.3.Withallthework_(do),theywillhaveaHardtime.(7)作独立成分：Judgingfrom(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanteacher.从外表看，他一定是个老师。,assisting,finished,todo,Grammarwork语法专练用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Not_(know)hisaddress,Icouldntgotoseehimyesterday.2.Lookoutforcarswhen_(cross)thestreet.3.Not_(invite)totheparty,Marywasgreatlyhurt.,knowing,crossing,havingbeeninvited,4.Hedivedintothewater,_(leave)onlyhisfaceexposed.5._(take)adeepbreath,theydivedintothewater.6._(close)thewindowsandthedoor,thestudentslefttheroom.,leaving,Taking,Havingclosed,翻译：他们笑着谈着走进了教室。Theytalkedandlaughed,theycameintotheclassroom.Theycameintotheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.2.在这个地方雨下的如此大，以致引发了洪灾。Itrainedheavilysothatitcausedseverefloodinginthearea.It