wouldratherthan和prefer比较.ppt

would rather宁可；还是好,would rather + do/not do 常省略为d rather,表优先选择的一种方式 e.g. Mr. Li would rather not listen to rock music. Hed rather work in the countryside. Peter _(stay)at home. Kitty _(not wash) dishes.,would rather stay,would rather not wash,would ratherthan /would rather than 与其宁可,e.g. I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. The children would walk there rather than take a bus. Language points:,1. would(rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式，若选同一动词,那么than 后的动词可以省略。,e.g. I would rather have noodles than rice. Pay attention to the parallel structure e.g. I would rather go to work by bike than by bus. I would rather talk with his mother than with his father.,would rather的用法,1.would rather 变否定句时在其后加not； 变问句时，would移至主语前；无人称、数和时态的变化。 在would rather than 中，than前后要用两个同类词性的词或短语。如： My mother would rather go to work by bike than by bus.我母亲宁愿骑自行车去上班，也不坐公共汽车。,would rather do sth. than do sth.else和（做其他事）相比，更愿做,（1）rather than相当于instead of意为“而不是”。如： I think Ill have cold drink rather than(=instead of )coffee.我想要冷饮，不要咖啡。 （2）would rather(than)意为“宁愿，更喜欢”。 My mother would rather go to work than stay at home.,prefer的用法,（1）prefer to do sth.=prefer doing sth. 宁愿/更喜欢做 如： I prefer to wait. 我宁愿等一等。 Do you prefer living in Beijing?你更喜欢在北京生活吗？,（2） prefer A to B 与B相比，更喜欢A 如：,He preferred the country to the city. 与城市相比，他更喜欢农村。,（3） prefer doing A to doing B 宁愿做A（事）而不愿做B（事） 如：,Some children prefer watching TV to reading books after school. 一些孩子放学后宁可看电视也不愿读书。,（4）prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做（某事）而不愿做（另一件事） 如：,I prefer to buy a new car rather than repair a second-hand one. 我宁愿买一辆新车也不愿去修一辆二手的。,. rather than 与would 连用表示心情，相当于情态动词：而不愿 would rather do sth than do sth would do sth rather than do sth prefer to do sth rather than do sth “宁愿而不愿“ 例如： Shed rather die than lose the children. 她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。 2) rather than “是而不是；与其不如”。陈述客观事实 连接两个名词或代词 He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。 ,You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。 连接两个形容词 The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词 We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。 She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。 连接两个分句 We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。,(5) 连接两个宾语不定式 I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。 注意：rather than 后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to 的不定式。如：Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉，把它们以半价卖掉了。 (6) 连接两个谓语动词 He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的，而不是走来的。 注意：这里rather than 后用了walked，而没有用walk，表示客观事实，而不是主观愿望。如果换成walk，则作“宁愿而不愿 ”解。 His third wife was pushed off the cliff rather than fell.他的第三位妻子是被推下悬崖的，而不是自己摔下去的。 In the evening the vast majority of the public prefers to watch a comedian or a pretty girl dancing,rather than listen to a lecture or a Shakespeare play.在晚上，绝大部分公众宁愿观看一名戏剧演员或漂亮姑娘跳舞，也不愿听一场讲座或看莎士比亚的剧。,as well as 连接两个谓语动词时（它们的时态应保持一致） 例如：He publishes as well as prints his own books. 他的书是他自己印刷出版的。 We are repairing the roof as well as painting the walls. 我们在粉刷墙壁同时也在修理屋顶。 as well as 与谓语动词连用时，其后可用V-ing形式，尤其as well as 位于句首时，此时相当于in addition to。例如：As well as breaking his leg, he hurt his arm. 他不但摔断了腿，而且还伤了胳膊。 She sings as well as playing the piano. 她不但会弹钢琴，而且会唱歌。 连接宾语动词不定式（to要省略） 例如：You cannot expect her to do the housework as well as look after the children. 你不可能叫她既照顾孩子又做家务。,would rather的用法(美国英语中多用had rather ),1.含义。“宁愿/可,更/最好,还是为好”。 2.用法。常+V原,常省略为d rather,表优先选择的一种方式 。无人称,数,词性,时态变化,所有的人称情况均用would rather. 3.否定形式。would rather not do sth。例: Mr Li would rather not listen to rock music 4.would /had在此决无“过去”之意，它是一个情态助动词。 If youd rather be alone, well all leave here. 如果你宁愿独自呆着，那我们都离开这儿。 Hed rather work in the countryside. 她宁可到农村去工作。,在两者中取舍,表“宁愿而不愿/与其宁可”时，则可用 would ratherthan或wouldrather than句型.,例: I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema. The children would walk there rather than take a bus.,2.也可以颠倒为：rather thanwould 例：Rather than work in such bad condition, he would give up,3.Would(rather)和than后都接不带to的动词不定式，若选同一动词,那么than 后的动词可以省略。 例: I would rather have noodles than rice.,4.要注意“平行结构”，即在than 的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个n、两个不定式、两个介短等。 例: I would rather go to work by bike than by bus. I would rather talk with his mother than with his father.,5.在疑问句式中，短语中的would要放在主语之前。,例: Would you rather stay here or go home? Which would you rather have, apples or bananas?,三、would rather+从句，常用的虚拟语气句型,谓语一般用过去时来表示现在或将来。 其意为“宁愿,还是 好些”“一个人宁愿另一个人做某事”。 引导从句的that常省略。在谈到过去的动作时，谓语则用过去完成时。,例: John wants to see me today. I would rather he came to tomorrow than today. 句中came不是表示过去而是表示将来. 注意:如果谈到过去的动作，也就是表示过去已经发生的事情在选择上不恰当。 此时，主句一般为I had rather ,其（that）从句则用过去完成时。 例 Would rather you had not done that.,如果只涉及主语本人而不涉及另一个人，则would rather之后不接that从句而接have done结构。 例: I would rather have gone to the theatre than stayed home night.,四、would rather/sooner和prefer/would prefer的区别。 would rather和would sooner之间一般没有区别，但经常接触到的是would rather。,例:Tom would rather/sooner read than talk./ Tom prefers reading to talking,注意:would rather后跟不带to的不定式+than+不带 to的不定式，而prefer后跟动名词+to+动名词。 有时prefer后面也可跟名词，而在would rather之后要求只带动词原形。 例: He prefers wine to beer= He would rather drink wine than beer,某些 prefer+名词的情况不能用 would rather完全确切地表达出来： 例:He prefers dogs to cats./He would rather have dogs than cats.很明显，这两句的意思并不完全相同。, would rather+不带to的不定式有时可代替 would prefer+带 to的不定式。 例: Id rather fly than go by sea=Id prefer to fly 我宁愿乘飞机也不愿乘船。,这两个结构后面带名词时情况也一样：