大学生英语四六级翻译.ppt

大学英语六级 翻译部分,主要内容,1. 综述 2.样题分析 3.三大考点,综述,考试的最后一个阶段是翻译，5分钟处理5个句子。特点是： 一，考题只考查汉译英，没有英译汉。 二，内容单纯，只是一般的短句翻译，没有大主题语境，不需要专业理论知识。 三，名为翻译，实为补全句子，考查语法结构和词组运用知识。每句只涉及15个左右的英语词，需添入的部分也只有3到8个单词，其中隐含着四级水平考生应当掌握的句型、语法、词组知识点。,样题分析1,87.The substance does not dissolve in water _（不管是否加热）。 考查重点： 从句知识：尤其让步状语从句，注意复习whether or, though, no matter how等表法。 分词用法：注意辨别现在分词和过去分词，同时考虑动词被动语态的运用。,样题分析2,88.Not only _（他向我收费过高），but he didnt do a good repair job either. 考查重点： 倒装句结构中的否定词前置现象。类似的知识点还要注意Never/Neither/Hardly/Scarcely等否定词在句首的倒装情况。,样题分析3,89. Your losses in trade this year are nothing _（与我的相比）。 考查重点： 类似compare with以及名词形式in comparison with的词组或短语，其中固定搭配需要使用的介词副词非常重要。 分词形式：在句子中做修饰成分与前者构成主动被动关系至关重要。,样题分析4,90. On average, it is said, visitors spend only _（一半的钱） in a day in Leeds as in London. 考查重点：比较结构：本句考查同级比较中的倍数关系，类似表达还有twice as much（many） as,样题分析5,91. By contrast, American mothers were more likely_ （把孩子的成功归因于） natural talent. 考查重点：动词词组，表示因果关系的attribute to。类似的词组contribute to表示“有助于，对做出贡献“. 类似的还有lead to, result in, result from, be to blame for, be responsible fo 此外，不要忽略“be likely to “表示“容易“、“可能“等意义，稍不小心就会把to漏掉。,结论：,根据近几年的翻译真题来看，针对某项语法重复考察率比较高，所以对曾经考察过的语法点依然不可松懈。 以下就这些重点语法项目分类归纳。,三大考点：,I. 语法结构 (grammar) II.固定搭配 (set structures) III. 重点单词 (key words),I. 语法结构 (grammar),考察的语法点： A. 倒装句型和强调句 B. 虚拟语气 C. 非谓语动词（分词、动名词、不定式） D. 从句(状语从句、定语从句、主语从句) E. 比较结构（比较级，比较状语从句） F. 情态动词和将来完成时 G.被动语态,A. 倒装句型,(4级2008.6) 91：_(直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill. 91. Not until he accomplished / finished the mission (4级2010.6) 88. The manager never laughed; neither _(她也从来没有发过脾气) 88. did she lose temper,常用句型（以倒装方式给出）,以此类推，掌握如下 Not only but also So ( Such )that Not until. Neithernor Hardly when No sooner than. Only by /through /in ., ,A.倒装句型和强调句(语法）,1.当“only+状语”位于句首表示强调时用倒装，如不在句首或虽在句首但不修辞状语时用正常语序。 Only when you have obtained sufficient data can you come to a sound conclusion. Only in this way can we catch up with the worlds advanced levels in science and technology.,A.倒装句型(语法）,真题：(6级07.6) 83. Only in the small town _(他才感到安全和放松). 其他如： only then； only once； only in AmericaChina only after the accident等。,2.never等具有否定意义的词或词组居于句首时用倒装。 Not only was Churchill a statesman, but also a poet. Never in all my life have I heard such nonsense. 真题： （6级2007.12） The witness was told that under no circumstances_.(他都不应该对法庭说谎) should he lie to the court.,（6级2006.12） _(直到截止日他才寄出) his application form. Not until the deadline did he send (out) 这类词或词组常用的有： never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, not until, by no means, under no circumstances, under no condition, in no way(决不), in no case(决不), neither (nor), no sooner(than), hardly(when), barely(仅仅，几乎不), on no account, in no circumstances(决不), not a bit, nowhere, not onlybut also等。,3.the more, the more结构中的倒装。 The more knowledge students have about the school, the easier it will be for them to adapt to the new environment. 真题： （2006.6） 90. The more you explain, _(我愈糊涂). the more confused I am,强调句 (6级2007.1） _(直到截止日他才寄出) his application form. It was not until the deadline that he sent (out) It is/was +被强调部分+that/who 这个结构，需要注意以下几点： 强调句中的系动词除is和was之外，没有其他形式变化; 被强调部分如果是人，可以用who, 也可以用that,其他情况用that(常识性知识，一般不能作为考点)。 在notuntil句型里，如果强调由until所引导的时间状语时，not须跟在until之前，即构成It is not untilthat结构。,强调句,It is because she is too inexperienced that she does not know how to deal with the serious situation. It is because the water had risen that they could not cross the river. 注意：强调的如果是原因状语从句，只能由because引导，不能由since, as或why引导。 It was not until the second year that he has adapted himself to the college life.,6级真题练习,（6级样题）76. The customer complained that no sooner _(他刚试着使用这台机器, 它就不运转了). 76. had he tried to use the machine than it stopped working （6级06.12) 76._ (直到截止日他才寄出)his application form. 76. Not until the deadline did he send out (6级07.6) 83. Only in the small town _(他才感到安全和放松). 83. does he feel secure and relaxed,6级真题练习,（6级07.12）86. The witness was told that under no circumstances _(他都不应该对法庭说谎). 86. should he lie to the court / is he allowed to lie to the court (08.66级) 85. Never once _(老两口互相争吵) since they were married 40 years ago. have the old couple quarreled with each other,6级真题练习,（6级09.12）86. Much _(我感到遗憾), I was unable to finish the work on time. 86. regretful did I feel （6级10.6）84. He assured his friend that under no circumstances _ (他会违背还钱的承诺). 84. would he break his promise to pay the money back.,B.虚拟语气,虚拟语气的考点可以归纳如下： 1. (should)+动词原形的情形 2. if或but for等引导的条件句 3. wish, if only 4. it is time的用法,在表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”动词后的宾语从句中。 要求：ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg 提议、劝告、建议：propose, suggest, recommend, advise, 决定、命令：decide, order 主张：maintain, urge 同意、坚持：consent, insist She insisted that the seats (should) be booked in advance. He advised that the doctor (should) be sent for.,虚拟语气-1.,真题 （4级2006.6） The professor required that _(我们交研究报告)。 we hand in our research report(s) (4级10.6) 90. It is suggested that the air conditioner _(要安装在窗户旁)。 90. be installed near the window,虚拟语气-1.,虚拟语气-2.,在advice, demand, order, necessity, resolution, decision, proposal, requirement, suggestion, idea, recommendation, request, plan,等名词后的同位语从句或表语从句中（上面v.对应的n.) He issued the order that the troops (should) withdraw at once. I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.,在形容词important, necessary, imperative, natural, urgent, essential, appropriate, desirable, vital, advisable, preferable, incredible以及短语no wonder, a pity等可以构成“It is +形容词（名词）+that”句型中。 It is necessary that some immediate effort (should) be made. 真题 (10.6) 90 It is suggested that the air conditioner _(要安装在窗户旁)。 90. be installed near the window （6级2007.6）It is absolutely unfair that these children _(被剥夺了受教育的权利). These children (should) be deprived of the right to receive education.,虚拟语气-3.,在for fear that, in case, lest引导的目的状语从句中，若用虚拟语气，从句谓语为 should + 动词原形,且 should不能省略. She examined the door again for fear that a thief should come in. He started out earlier lest he should be late. 真题（4级） (08.12) 89. Youd better take a sweater with you_ (以防天气变冷) 89. in case it (should) turn cold.,虚拟语气-4.,虚拟语气-5.,if或but for等引导的条件句 ,He wouldnt feel so cold if he were indoors.(与现在事实相反） The conference wouldnt have been so successful if we hadnt made adequate preparations.(与过去事实相反） If it snowed/were to snow/should snow tomorrow, I should (would) stay at home.(与将来事实相反) but for=if it were not for/if it had not been forl But for your help they would not have fulfilled the task in time.,虚拟语气-5.,虚拟语气-6.,动词wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气 I wish she were here. I wish you would go with us tomorrow. I wish she had taken my advice.,虚拟语气-7.,if only后用虚拟语气（要是就太好了） If only she had known where to find you. If only I could speak several foreign languages!,It is (high / about) time that + 主语+ 动词的过去式/ should + 动词原形 ，表示“早该做某事了” 。 It is time that I went to pick up my daughter at school. It is high time you should go to work. 真题练习,虚拟语气-8.,（6级08.6）83. Mary couldnt have received my letter,_.（否则她上周就该回信了）。 83. otherwise, she would have replied to me last week (6级09.12) 84. The manager _(本可以亲自参加会议), but he was called away for some urgent business abroad. 84. could have attended the meeting in person (by himself) （6级10.6）85. Most educators advise that kids _ (不要沉溺于电脑游戏). 85. should not be absorbed in PC games.,虚拟语气-6级真题,虚拟语气-6级真题,(6级样题) 72. It was essential that _(我们在月底前签订合同). 72. we sign the contract before the end of the month （6级06.12）72. If you had _(听从了我的忠告,你就不会陷入麻烦). 72. followed my advice/suggestion, you would not have been/put yourself in trouble. （6级07.12）82 But for mobile phones, _(我们的通信就不可能如此迅速和方便). 82. our communication would not have been so efficient and convenient.,C. 非谓语动词,分词四级真题4个 （06.6）87 Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble _(找到去历史博物馆的路). 87. finding the way to the history museum (08.6) 90_,（与我成长的地方相比），this town is more prosperous and exciting. 90. Compared with the place where I grew up 注意: 答案中除过去分词（compared with ）做伴随外，还含有where引导的定语从句。,分词六级真题2个,（6级07.6）82. The auto manufacturers found themselves _ (正在同外国公司竞争市场的份额). 82. competing with overseas/ foreign companies for market share （6级10.6）86. Business major as he is, he has _ (从未考虑过从事推销员工作). 86. never considered working as a salesman/to do sales work.,动名词真题2题,（6级09.6）83. _ (保持幽默有助于) reduce stress and promote creative thinking in todays competitive society. 83. Keeping a sense of humor helps,（6级样题）75.The workmen think _(遵守安全规则很重要). 75. it very important to comply withfollow the safety regulations （形式宾语） （6级09.6）86 She has decided to go on a diet, but finds _ (很难抵制冰淇淋的诱惑). 86. it hard to resist the temptation of ice cream （形式宾语） （6级09.12）83. The theory he advanced has proved _(对许多传统概念的一种挑战). 83. to be a challenge to many traditional concepts,不定式六级真题3个,D.从句,a. 定语从句 b. 状语从句 c. 主语从句 d. 其他从句,a. 定语从句6级真题3个,(08.6) 82.We can say a lot of things about those_（毕生致力于诗歌的人）; they are passionate, impulsive, and unique. 82. who dedicate/ devote/ contribute their whole life to poems (08.12) 83. It was very dark, but Mary seemed to _(本能地知道该走哪条路。) 83. know which way to take instinctively. （10.6）83. Before you take any action, please remember to _ (权衡你的决定会产生的后果). 83. weigh and consider the consequences which your action may produce.,b. 状语从句4级真题,（07.12）89. I am going to pursue this course, _(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲). (no matter引导的让步状语从句) no matter at what expense (cost)/ No matter what sacrifice I have to pay/make no matter what I have to sacrifice (pay)/ would have to sacrifice (pay) (08.6）89. Leaving ones job, _,（不管是什么工作）, is a difficult change even for those who look forward to retiring. 89.whatever job it is/ no matter what job it is,c.（语法）主语从句,主要由that, what, whether, how以及其它词引导，还有就是由代词it作形式主语。 That he survived the accident is a miracle. 注意：尽管that并没有实际含义，但是他起到引导主语从句的功能，在这里不可或缺。 What he enjoys doing is ignored by society as of no value or importance. How he managed to finish the job is of interest to us all. Whether the results will be valuable depends partly on our attitudes towards it. 注意：whether引导的主语从句位于句首时，whether不能由if代替。,真题,c. 主语从句4级真题2个,(08.12) 88. _(大多数父母所关心的) is proving the best education possible for their children. 88. What most parents concern （09.6） 90. _(很多人所没有意识到的)is that Simon is a lover of sports, and football in particular。 90：What most people havent realized,（6级08.12）86. Your resume should attract a would-be bosss attention by demonstrating _(为什么你是某个特定职位的最佳人选)。 86. why you would be the best candidate. （6级09.12）82. How long does a jacket like this last? _ (这要看你多长时间穿一次). 82. It depends on how often you wear it,c. 其他从句4级真题2个,（ 6级07.12）83. In handling an embarrassing situation, _(没有什么比幽默更有帮助的了). 83. nothing is more helpful than humor/ a sense of humor （6级07.12）85. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, _(而动物的行为主要依靠本能). 85. while animal behavior depends mainly upon (或on) their instinct(s) （比较状语从句） (6级08.12) 85. Older adults who have a high level of daily activities have more energy and _(与不那么活跃的人相比死亡率要低)。 85. a lower death rate compared with relatively inactive people,E. 比较结构-6级真题3题,（6级08.6）84. Nancy is supposed to_（做完化学实验）at least two weeks ago. 84. have finished the chemistry experiment （6级09.6）85. When people say, “I can feel my ears burning,” it means they think _ (一定有人在说他们坏话). 85. there must be someone who is speaking ill of them,F. 情态动词和将来完成时6级2个,G. 被动语态,（06.6） 91. Though a skilled worker, _(他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis. 91. he was fired by the company (6级06.12) 73. With tears on her face, the lady _(看着她受伤的儿子被送进手术室). 73. watched her injured son being sent into the surgery/operation room.,G. 被动语态,(6级06.12) 74. After the terrorist attack, tourists _(被劝告暂时不要去该国旅游). 74. were (have been )suggested/advised not to travel to that country at the moment. （跟双宾语动词的被动语态） （6级07.6）84. It is absolutely unfair that these children _ (被剥夺了受教育的权利). 84. be deprived of the right to receive education/ be denied the right to receive education,II.固定搭配 (set structures),尤其是动介词词组，如adapt to ., have trouble doing ， be likely to do. , attribute to等类似样式。真题 (06.12) 87. Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to_(适应不同文化中的生活) 87. adapt ones