大学英语六级完形讲义(邢予昆)-(3).doc

大学英语六级完形讲义（邢予昆）Foundation-orientated practice词的活用Fill in the gapsFrom the following list, use each word only once to complete the sentences below. Remember that in the case of nouns and verbs you may need to change the form of the word:arbitrary (adj) assign (v) context (n) criterion (n) data (n)denote (v) devise (v) usage (n) ignore (v) impact (n)similar (adj) summary (n) formulate (v) vertical (adj)1. Although not exactly identical, the two books are so to each other that one author must have copied much of his book from the other.2. The Prime Minister set up a committee of financial experts to help him discuss and new policies.3. It is often possible to guess the meaning of a word from the other words around it- that is to say, the .4. About 100 years ago, Marconi a way of using radio waves for communication.5. In newspapers, the layout of the columns is , while the rows run across the page horizontally.6. The rise in the number of deaths from AIDS has had a very significant on peoples sexual behaviour.7. The of drugs has increased significantly in spite of more severe penalties such as longer prison sentences.8. Students should not try to write down everything they hear in a lecture, but just make aof the most important points.9. We use the term class to groups of people who share the same social and economic backgrounds.10. In one case, a murderer may go to prison for life, while another may be set free: it all seems completely .11. The new journalist was to researching the election promises of the main political parties.12. Before we can judge a governments success, we have to decide the , such as unemployment, defence or taxation.13. One student failed because he completely the instructions on the paper, although they appeared at the top of every page.14. Market researchers use such as peoples spending patterns as well as information about age and occupation to decide on the most effective marketing strategies.Choose the right wordIn each of the sentences below, decide which word in bold is more suitable.1. During the 1970s and 1980s, it became increasingly evident/visible that companies in the West were uncompetitive.2. The United Kingdom makes/publishes more books than any other country.3. There has been a major road accident, involving/including 23 cars and 16 lorries.4. On the basis of the latest survey, we know that most people have a very negative/bleak view of politicians and their parties.5. In many parts of the world, people are becoming more worried about the danger of pollution and its effect on the environment/ecology.6. Education experts from France travelled to Japan to evaluate/judge the secondary school system there.7. Although it is not very big, the library has an excellent range/variety of books, journals and other resources for study.8. Increasingly, the design of buildings is being adjusted/modified to allow easier access for disabled people.9. The lack of extra student accommodation restricted/narrowed the expansion in student numbers which the university was planning.10. Many students acquire/derive a great deal of enjoyment and satisfaction from their time at university.11. Although the world is getting warmer slowly, the increase in temperature varies/fluctuates from country to country.12. Following the bank raid, the police followed/pursued the robbers but were unable to catch them.13. Assessment on this course includes/consists of coursework (30%) and examinations (70%).Finish the sentenceChoose the best ending for each of the sentence extracts below from the list underneath:1. I like your essay, but I want you to illustrate2. What will the result be if in the future we assume 3. Students may be asked to compare many alternative4. The Channel Tunnel between France and England was constructed5. Everyone wants to be happy, but we probably all define6. Many universities now have language centres to facilitate7. Numbers and results are not particularly useful in themselves; we need to interpret8. In spite of warnings about cancer, many Westerners equate9. Advertisers use a variety of techniques10. At first, the police viewed the crimes as random11. It may be the case that no solution is possible, given the magnitude12. Although computers are becoming increasingly complex,13. The investigation was stopped because the witnesses could not identify-a theories, from which they have to select the most convincing.b happiness in many different ways.c that nearly everyone has access to a motor car?d the programs they use are becoming much easier to operate.e a sun tan with health and youthfulness.f the man they had seen commit the robbery.g language learning for international students.h at a cost of over $8 billion.i of this problem.j them to understand what they actually mean.k events, but realised later that there was a pattern linking them.l to persuade consumers to buy products and services.m your points by providing some supporting examples.Word substitutionFrom the list below, choose one word which could be used in place of the language shown inbold without changing the meaning of the sentence. Remember that you may need to changethe form or in some cases the grammatical class of the word:comply with (v) conclude (v) equivalent (adj) guarantee (n)imply (v) method (n) obvious (adj) presume (v)proceed (v) require (v) specify (v) sum (n)1. If a company does not observe health and safety laws, it may be fined very heavily if any of its workers are injured.2. For many years, $4 was equal to 1.3. University regulations state that students must pass 18 modules to graduate.4. Anybody driving a car is obliged by law to have insurance.5. On the basis of their examination results, it was clear that most students had completely misunderstood the first part of the paper.6. Many people think that oil will run out in the next 100 years, but they are assuming that we will continue to use oil at the same rate as today.7. Most electrical products have a one- or two-year warranty in case something should go wrong.8. One problem facing overseas students is adapting to new teaching techniques._9. The fact that crime increases when unemployment goes up seems to suggest a link between the two._10. It will cost an overseas student at least 10,000 per year to live and study in Britain, which is a very large amount of money.11. The lecturer gave the students a 10 minute break before continuing with the rest of her lecture.12. At the end of her talk. the lecturer finished with a brief review of the main points.Choose the best wordFor each of the following sentences, choose the best word from a, b or c.1. In this first assignment, we will your work and then give you detailed feedback on how to improve your writing.a. assess b. judge c. measure2. In a seminar or tutorial, everyone should take part rather than allow one person to the discussion.a. overwhelm b. dominate c. oppress3. Although it is impossible to give a age, we believe that the woman was between 25 and 30 when she died.a. definite b. certain c. absolute4. Rather than try to treat it, the best to the problem of poor public health may be to attempt to prevent it.a. way b. method c. approach5. Surprisingly perhaps, the biggest health risk for tourists travelling abroad is actually road traffic accidents.a. potential b. possible c. theoretical6. Water is made up of two , namely oxygen and hydrogen.a. sections b. aspects c. elements7. Computers can be difficult to repair because there may be hundreds of different inside.a. components b. pieces c. parts8. Because Paris is expensive, many organisations pay higher salaries to for the high cost of living there.a. compensate b. adjust c. redress9. Many people were killed instantly at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, but thousands more died from radiation sickness.a. succeeding b. following c. subsequent10. The clothing of men and women used to be quite , whereas today women often wear trousers as well as men.a. distinct b. diverse c. distinguished11. Research that customers want free car-parking when they go shopping.a. claims b. indicates c. points out12. In political terms, the Middle East is one of the most unstable of the world.a. locations b. places c. regions13. The cause of death today in Britain is heart disease, with cancer in second place.a. first b. prime c. initialMake a collocationStart by reading through the sentences below. Then take one word from the box on the left and combine this with one from the box on the right to make a collocation. For example, valid can be joined with reason. (Note that more than one pairing may be possible and also that some words appear more than once.) Then try to match your combinations with the spaces in the sentences below:put forward ultimate establishreverse initial analyse newvalid new tense leadingmarital minimum constant status concept responsibility resultsthe verdict role atmosphere reasontemperature the hypothesis a linkrequirement dimension results1. If you submit work late, you will lose marks and may even be given a fail grade, unless you have a_ _such as illness.2. One travel company is now advertising a completely in tourism: flights into outer space by rocket.3. At the bottom of the ocean, the water remains at a _ irrespective of changing weather conditions at the surface.4. The growth of China will add a to the economic and political situation in the Far East.5. Students are expected not just to describe what they have done but also to_ _when they write a research report.6. Investigators have been able to between childhood illnesses and industrial pollution.7. Following the demonstrations by thousands of students, there was a very_ _in the capital, with many choosing to leave the city and head for the countryside.8. Unfortunately, although the were very promising, the project failed in the long run because of a lack of interest.9. Engineers have played a in improving our health by giving us clean water supplies, perhaps more so than doctors.10. The Managing Director may run the company, but rests with the Board of Directors.11. On the form, please give your name, nationality, address and indicate your_ _.12. When some scientists originally known as global warming, the idea was not taken seriously, and yet today it is accepted by nearly everyone.13. In some instances, a Court of Appeal may reached at the first trial and released somebody who has been wrongly held in prison.14. Most universities require international students to have an IELTS score of 6 (equivalent to a TOEFL score of 550) as a for English language competence.词汇的功能ConditionA. 阅读下列句子，它们均使用了if。改写每个句子，用它下面所附的黑体词语替代if。在某些句子中你可能还要酌情删去一些词语。1. You can borrow my dictionary if you return it before you go viding that2. You cant go to university if you dont have good grades.unless3. Pollution will get worse if we continue to live in a throwaway society.as long as4. Many developed countries are willing to waive the Third World debt if the money is reinvested in education and medicine.on condition that5. Some countries will never be able to rectify their deficits even if they work very hard.no matter how6. Computers are difficult things to understand, even if you read a lot of books about them.however many7. Crime is a problem, even if you go to relatively safe countries.whereverB. 请将上面黑体词语用作句首并改写每个句子。例如：Providing that you return it before you go home, you can borrow my dictionary.C用以上词语或你认为合适的词语完成下面的句子。1. British universities will accept students from abroad2. Working for a large company can be a fulfilling experience3. Most banks are happy to lend customers money4. The government will reduce income tax5. The environmental situation will continue to worsen6. There will always be long waiting lists at our hospitals7. Travelling helps you understand more about the world around youD. 有些名词可用于表示条件。从下面句子的A，B，C三个选项中选出一个完成句子。1. Being able to drive is one of the of the job of salesman.A. prerequirements B. prerequisites C. prescriptions2. Before you accept a job, it is important that you agree with the _ of the contract.A. conditionals B. conditions C. conditioners3. It is a of the university that you attend an interview.A. requirement B. requisite C. requiemContrast & comparison用每题下面A，B，C三个选项中的最合适的词语分别完成下列句子。1. The two machines considerably. One has an electric motor, the other runs on oil.A. differ B. differentiate C. differential2. The in weather between the north and the south of the country is very noticeable.A. comparison B. contrast C. compare3. Many people cannot between lemon juice and lime juice.A. differ B. differentiate C. contrast4. Children must be taught to between right and wrong.A. differ B. contrast C. distinguish5. There is a between being interested in politics and joining a political party.A. distinguish B. distinctive C. distinction6. Can you tell the between a good boss and a bad one?A. difference B. differentiate C. contrast7. The management must not between male and female applicants.A. differ B. contrast C. discriminate8. Asia covers a huge area , Europe is very small.A. By way of contrast B. By ways of comparing C. By similar means9. The new model of car is very to the old one.A. same B. similar C. common10. Her political opinions are to mine.A. same B. exactly C. identical11. Some political parties have such similar manifestos that they are difficult to .A. tell apart B. say apart C. speak apart12. My friends and I enjoy doing many of the same things. In that respect, we have a lot .A. in similar B. in particular C. in common13. There seems to be a large between the number of people employed in service industries, and those employed in the primary sector.A. discriminate B. discretion C. discrepancy14. British and Australian people share the same language, but in other respects they are as different as .A. cats and dogs B. chalk and cheese C. salt and pepper15. Britains economy is largely based on its industry, a few hundred years ago it was an agrarian country.A. wherefore B. whereas C. wherebyReason & resultA. 用中栏表示原因或结果的合适词语，将左栏的句子第1部分与右栏的第2部分连接起来。在某些情况下，适用于某个句子的中栏内的词语可能不止一个。1. The police asked him his2. He failed his exam3. A persistent cough4. She started haranguing the crowd.5. He spent the whole week-end revising6. They came in quietly.7.He refused to lend anyone money.8.The bank manager refused to lend the company more money.9. The school was forced to close.10. What were your.11. What are the.12. Stress and overwork can.13.The army attacked without considering the.14.He failed to send off his application form and.15. Riots and street fighting ensuedeffects of. . prompted him to. . on account of. as a consequence. affect. owing to. . on the grounds that. . so as not to. with the aim of. in order to. consequences of. motives in. . due toreason for pass his exams. . wake anyone.was unable to enroll for the course.upsetting me like that?his lack of revision. starting a riot. its low turnover and poor sales history. its action.when the police officers on trial were acquitted. a large earthquake?. people rarely repay a loan.seek professional medical help. . different people in different ways.poor student attendance. speeding through the town.B. 现在，用上表中栏内的适当词语完成下列句子。1. Panic buying when the stock market crashed.2. People often do things without considering the their actions.3. The government raised the income tax rate curb inflation.4. The government raised the income tax rate curbing inflation.5. The government raised the income tax rate the rapidly rising rate of inflation.6. When questioned, many racists cannot give a logical their attitudes towards other racial groups.7. The soaring crime rate alarme