高三英语一轮复习课件Book2Unit3.ppt

Unit 3 Computers,基础知识自测,一、单词拼写 根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。 1._ vt. 计算 2._ vt. 简化 3._ n. 接线员 4._ adv. 合逻辑的 5._ n. 科技 6._ n. 革命 7._ adj. 人造的 8._ n. 智力 9_ vt. 解决 10._ adv. 亲自,personally,calculate,simplify,operator,logical,technology,revolution,artificial,intelligence,solve,11._ n. 应用 12._ n. 金融 13._ v. 探索 14._ adv. 无论如何 15._ n. 目标 16._ n. 信号 17._ n. 类型 18._ vi. 出现， 19._ adj. 电子的， 20._ n. 外貌,application,finance,explore,anyhow,goal,signal,type,arise,electronic,appearance,二、单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给的适当形式填空。 1. At the end of a letter you should write “Yours _” and your name. 2. With the development of science and _, people will live a happier life. 3. IQ(智商) stands for _ quality. 4. The captain had an _ leg, made of wood. 5. English is a _ language, so we have to learn it.,truly,technology,intelligence,artificial,universal,6. An a_ is a calculating tool for dealing with figures in ancient China. 7. One Laptop per Child is a non-profit association devoted to research to develop a 100 l_ for every child in the world. 8. During the course, students will develop their _(analysis) skills. 9. The _ (develop) of the information technology was the greatest advance of the 20th century. 10. We will soon arrive at the point where we can find all the knowledge of humankind on a computer _(网络).,abacus,laptop,analytical,development,network,三、词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Try to _ (simple) your explanation for the students to help them understand better. 2. If you want to know about the hotel, you can call the _ (operate) to find out the information. 3. The boy is very clever and he shows high _ (intelligent) in study. 4. _ (real) is not the way you wish things to be but the way they actually are. 5. Bob is _ (total) different from his father, who is very tall.,simplify,operator,intelligence,Reality,totally,6. They agreed to accept my _ (apply) for joining their team. 7. His success in business brought _ (happy) to his parents. 8. We will make a _ (person) visit to the students home. 9. His speech is _ (logical) organized and sounds great. 10. I disagree that the age of _ (technology) revolution has ended.,application,happiness,personal,logically,technological,四、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英文。 1. fromon _ 2. as a result _ 3. sothat _ 4. in a way _ 5. with the help of _ 6. deal with _ 7. watch over _ 8. as time goes by _ 9. in/during the 1970s _ 10. after all _,从时起,结果,如此以致于,在某种程度上,在的帮助下,处理；对付,看守；监视,随着时间的流逝,在二十世纪七十年代,毕竟,11. _ 公有；共用 12. _ 技术革命 13. _ 处理；安排；对付 14. _ 解决问题 15. _ 人工智能 16. _ 走过；过去 17. _ 依某人看来 18. _ 采取行动 19. _ 与信息共享 20. _ 弥补、组成,have (sth) in common,technological revolution,deal (do) with,solve the problem,artificial intelligence,pass by,as far as sb. is concerned,take an action,share information with,make up,五、词组运用 词组填空 根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选一个适当的词组并用其适当的形式填空。 1. They had a lot _ and became good friends very soon. 2. How are you going to _ such problems? 3. Dont blame him. _, he is a child.,after all,in common,deal with,翻译填空 根据汉语意思，从上述短语中选一个恰当的词组完成句子。 4. He soon _ the lessons he missed. 5. Why didnt you _ to put out the fire? 6. It is not rare in _ (九十年代) that people in _ (五十多岁)are going to university for further education.,their fifties,made up,take any action,the 90s,句子翻译 从上述短语中选择恰当的短语翻译下列句子。 7她从那时起就知道自己会获胜。 8结果，他只得离开。 9在他父母的帮助下，他很快完成了作业。 10在春天，我们通常将钟表向前拨一小时，以充分利用日光。,In spring, we usually set the clock one hour ahead to take full advantage of the daylight.,From then on she knew she would win.,With the help of his parents, he finished his homework soon.,As a result, he had to leave.,Language Data Bank,calculate vt. work (sth.) out by using numbers 计算,e.g. calculate the cost of sth.,calculator n. 计算器,2. universal adj. existing everywhere or involving everyone 普遍的；通用的；宇宙的 universal rules 一般的原则 universe n. 宇宙; 万有; 世界; 全人类 Our world is but a small part of the universe. 我们的世界只是宇宙的一小部分。,3. simplify vt to make something less complicated and therefore easier to do or understand 简化 The English in this story has been simplified to make it easier to understand. 这个故事里的英语被简写了，可更容易理解。,4.and it took nearly two hundred year before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.,before 过多久才 It took me nearly one year before I completed the work. Compare: not.until 直到才 I didnt complete the work until one year later.,5. logical adj. 合逻辑的；合情理的 a logical thinker 思想有逻辑性的人 a logical process 合理的程序 logically adv. 逻辑上； 有条理地 He acted logically under the circumstances. 在这种情况下他做事仍然很理智。 Logically, the decision is obvious. 从逻辑上，这项决定是明显的。,6. technology,technique (n.) technologist (person) technical (adj.) technological (adj.),1) This company is in great need of many _. 2) To build this machine, you must have _ability. 3) Do you know the knowledge of agricultural _.,technologists,technical,technique,7. artificial adj. 人造的; 假的 artificial flowers / limbs / pearls 假花 / 假肢 / 假珍珠 artificial intelligence 人工智能,8. intelligence noun U the ability to learn, understand and make judgments or have opinions that are based on reason. 智力；聪明 intelligence quotient 智商 an intelligence test 智力测验 an intelligence agent 情报员; 谍报员,intelligent adj. 智能的；聪明的 an intelligent reader 理解力强的读者 an intelligent being 有智力的动物 intelligent reply 巧妙的答复 He is an intelligent person. 他是一位有才智的人。,9. solve vt. 解决；解答 1) I cant solve the problem. 我解答不了这个难题。 2) Help me to solve my financial troubles. 请帮我解决经济困难。 3) The greatest scholar cannot solve this difficult problem. 再伟大的学者也没有 办法解答这个难题吧。,10. fromon 从时起 From then on, the prince and princess lived happily. 从那时起，王子与公主就幸福地生 活在一起。,11. As time went by =With time going by as conj. +句子 ： 随着 As spring warms the good earth, all flowers begin to bloom. with prep.+（复合）宾语 Weather changes with seasons .,go by (时间)过去，逝去 从经过 遵循，以来判断 As time goes by, my memory seems to get worse. Did you see a boy go by on a bicycle? Thats a good rule to go by.,12.I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s,现在完成时被动语态 have/ has + been + p.p. Since 自从以来， 常跟完成时态连用.,13. as a result 结果 1) He didnt work hard, as a result he failed his exam. 他不用功, 结果考试不及格。 2) Five hundred jobs were axed as a result of government spending cuts. 由于政府缩减经费的缘故, 有五百人被突然解雇了。 3) He was late as a result of the snow. 由于大雪他迟到了。,14.And my memory became so large that even I couldnt believe it!,句型：so that 如此以致于,与 tooto 句型的相互转换,And my memory became too large for me to believe it.,eg He is so old that he cant carry the box.,He is too old to carry the box.,此结构中的that从句表示结果。 The stone is so heavy that no one can lift it. 比较: so that 既可以表结果,也可以表目的。,so.that.结构的so+形容词/副词位于句首时,句子用倒装结构。 So hard does he work that he seldom goes home.,She told us _ story that we all forget the time. A. such an interesting B. such interesting a C. so an interesting D. a so interesting He has _ few friends that he often feels _. A. such; lonely B. such a; alone C. so; lonely D. so; alone So loudly _ that every one of the class could hear him. A.he spoke B. did he spoke C. Spoke he D. did he speak,A,C,D,15. I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.,help (sb) with sth 帮助/协助(某人) 做某事 e.g. A man is helping the police with their enquiries. 有一男子在协助警方进行调查。,2) as well as 也，还，而且,e.g. He grows flowers as well as vegetables.,She is a talented musician as well as being a photographer.,3) 这个句子是现在完成时被动语态，其机 构是 (have/has +been + 过去分词） e.g. The radio has been repaired when we phoned the shop.,16. explore vt. & vi. 探索；探测；探究 1) The experts are exploring every part of the island. 专家们正在勘查这个岛的各个部分。 2) He had an itch to get away and explore. 他等不及要动身去探险。 3) Can you explore the market possibility for us? 您能为我们考察一下市场前景吗？,17. anyhow adv. 无论如何；即使如此；至少 1) I couldnt think of the name of that man anyhow. 我怎么也想不出那人的名字来了。 2) Anyhow, you can try. 至少你可以试试。 3) Anyhow I must tell the truth. 无论如何，我必须说出真相。,18. provide sb with sth= provide sth for sb. This has provided police with an important clue(线索). = This has provided an important clue for police.,supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb offer sb sth = offer sth to sb,19. be filled with= be full of充满 The sky is filled with our laughter. Fill the bottle with water.,20. goal n. 目标；目的；球门 ones goal in life 生活的目标 a common goal 一个共同的目标 keep goal 守球门 win by two goals 以两球获胜 He achieved his goal. 他达到了他的目标。 He kicked a goal. 他踢进一球。,21. human race 人类 1) Is the human race threatened with complete extinction? 人类是否会受到完全灭绝的威胁呢？ 2) Everything you say seems to be pervaded with a mistrust of the human race. 你说的一切似乎都渗透了对人类的不信任。,Language points for Reading II,Read the text again to find out the following phrases.,1. 和人一样大小,as big as a human,2. 在足球队里,on the football team,3. 在某种程度上,in a way,5. 毕竟,after all,6. 在的帮助下,with the help of,4. 编造,补足,make up,1. in a way 在某种程度上,eg:从某种程度上来说, 他的英语有进步。,In a way, his English has improved.,on the/ones way (to) 在(去)的路上 by the way 顺便提一下,in this way 用这种方法,in the way,阻碍,2. make up 编造，补足，化妆,make up the loss,make up a new dialogue,She spent an hour making herself up before the party.,be made up of,编一个新对话,弥补损失,由组成,3. after all 毕竟; 到底; 终究,above all 首先; 最重要的是 at all 根本 first of all 首先 in all 总共; 总计,eg: 在老师的帮助下, 我的英语进步很大。With the help of the teacher, I have made great progress in my English study.,4. with the help of 在的帮助下,Grammar,The Present Perfect Passive Voice,3. Learning about passive voicean overview,4. Understanding the structure of the present perfect passive voice The structure of the present perfect passive voice is: have/ has beened,Learning about passive voicean overview,First as a PC (personal computer) and then as a laptop, I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s. Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told! Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.,Answer key for exercise 1 on page 21,I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations. I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars.,has/have been done,现在完成时,被动语态,现在完成时的被动语态,现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去, 到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响。,现在完成时的被动语态,Understanding the structure of the present perfect passive voice The structure of the present perfect passive voice is: have / has beened,注意:,副词的位置 often, usually, always, never, hardly, seldom等副词置于have / has和been中间。如: 误 Such a man has been hardly believed. 正 Such a man has hardly been believed.,2. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态 1) happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如： 误 Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978. 正 Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.,2) open, break, drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。,3. 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词。如： The patients have been taken good care of.,4. 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思， 则需改换动词或时态。如：,My brother has had (不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. How long has this book been bought? How long ago was this book bought?,(1) 把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2) 把谓语变成被动结构 (be过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。,主动语态变被动语态的方法,(3) 把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语, 将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him. He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory.,(4) 双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中的一个宾语变为主语， 另一个保留不动。 主动：I have given him the key. 被动：He has been given the key. 被动：The key has been given (to) him.,(5) 带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时, 只能将宾语变为主语, 原来的宾补保留不动， 改称主语补足语。 主动：I have asked her to help you. 被动：She has been asked to help you.,1.现在完成时被动语态肯定句 主语+has/ have been +P.P.+.(P.P.=动词的过去分词形式) Her motorbike has been stolen. 她的摩托车被盗了。 All the offices have been linked by computer. 所有的售票处由计算机联网工作。,2.现在完成时被动语态否定句 主语+has/ have +not+ been+ P.P.+. The task has not been finished yet. 任务尚未完成。 Many skilled workers have not been trained in the company. 这家公司并没有培养多少熟练工人。,3.现在完成时被动语态一般疑问句 句型1Has he(she, it,单数名词)+been+P.P.+.? Has a new computer been bought? 买了一台新电脑吗? Have they been sent abroad to study Eng-lish? 他们已经被派往国外学英语了吗?,4.现在完成时被动语态特殊疑问句 疑问词+have (has)+主语+been+ P.P.+.? What has been bought by Tom? 汤姆已经买了什么东西? Who have been helped by the new computer?谁已经得到这种新计算机的帮助? How many buildings have been built in this school? 这所学校已经建造了多少座大楼? Where has the car been repaired? 这辆小汽车已经在哪里修理好了?,Exercises,1. Both my brother work at the power station that _ in my hometown. A. has set up B. has been set up C. was set up D. is set up,2. -_ the sports meet will be put off. A. Ive been told B. Ive told C. Im told D. I told,3. All the preparation for the task _, and were ready to start. A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been done,4. - How long _ at this job? - Since 1990. A. were you employed B. have you been employed C. had you been employed D. will you be employed,5. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _ yet. A. are not decided B. have not been decided C. is not being decided D. has not been decided,6. Betty_ injured since last Saturday. A. has been B. was C. is D. has,7. That book _into at least 20 foreign languages. A. has said to be translated B. has been said to have translated C. is said that it had been translated D. is said to have been translated,注:该句的句型是:It is said that/people (they) said that/that book is said to 根据句意是已经被译成了20 多种文字所以要用现在完成时的被动语态。,8. Hi, Tom, you look tired. - Of course. I _ the living room all day. A. had painted B. painted C. have been painted D. have been painting,9. -Did you move into the new house? - No. The rooms _ yet. A. were being painted B. are painting C. have not painted D. have not been painted,10. Great changes_ in my hometown and a