《大学生英语课堂》PPT课件.ppt

Contents,Reading Skills,Test Yourself,Reading Comprehension,外语教学与研究出版社,空军工程大学,Reading Skills Appreciating Figurative Language,Like the other skills for your use, the skill introduced in this unit does render you better able in reading.,This practice is designed to help you get a deeper insight into the skill for this unit.,Introduction,阅读实践,随 笔,Appreciating Figurative Language,In Unit 5, Book 2, we worked with figures of speechlanguage that uses images or mental pictures to appeal to readers imagination, and to allow writers to create complex associations that go beyond the power of literal language. Effective readers know how to recognize and interpret figures of speech in order to understand the writers meaning more deeply and think about ideas in new ways.,阅读实践,随 笔,Look at the underlined words and phrases in the following sentences taken from Text A and try to answer the following questions: What comparisons are being made? What pictures do they bring to your mind? What ideas is the writer trying to convey?,阅读实践,随 笔,The three-dimensional model for Barbie was a German dolla joke gift for adults described as having the appearance of a “woman who sold sex”. (Para. 5),A joke is usually intended for a laugh, and a joke gift is a gift that is intended for a laugh, that is, to make the gift receiver pleased in a joking way.,阅读实践,随 笔,Since her introduction in 1959, Barbie has become the universally recognized Queen of the Dolls. (Para. 6),A queen is the No. 1 woman of the country. Here Barbie is compared to a queen of dolls, which means she is the No. 1 doll in the world.,阅读实践,随 笔,Now more than sixty years old, Barbarawho declines interviews but is said to have loved the dollmay be the most famous unknown figure on the planet. (Para. 7),This is the so-called oxymoron, a figure of speech that deliberately combines two words that seem to mean the opposite of each other.,Practice,阅读技巧,随 笔,Before you read Text B, have a look at some of the figures of speech the writer uses to convey his ideas. Examine and discuss the underlined words and phrases in the sentences below with your partner. What comparisons are being made? What pictures do they bring to your mind? What ideas is the writer trying to convey?,阅读技巧,随 笔,1. “I was crushed,” Engelbreit admits. (Para. 2),To crush is to press something so hard that it is damaged or destroyed. Here Mary compares herself to a thing that is too weak to resist the pressure, i.e., the harsh words from publishers. Mary admits that her heart is broken.,阅读技巧,随 笔,2. Greeting cards seemed a comedown from her high expectations. (Para. 2),At the very beginning Engelbreit did not expect to draw greeting cards; she aimed high. Now that she was told her style was better suited for drawing greeting cards, she felt it was a comedown from high expectation. To her, drawing greeting cards was a fall from her lifes goal.,阅读技巧,随 笔,3. “We Dont Care How They Do It in New York,” the card boasts. (Para. 3),The card is personified. As we know, a card cannot boast. Only the creator of the card boasts. However, the writer means to say that the card is communicating a proud message.,阅读技巧,随 笔,4. Most often, theres Ann Estelle, a woman with short, straight hair, big glasses, hat and an acid tongue. (Para. 4),Acid means having a sour or bitter taste. When one has an acid tongue, he or she is very bitter to others, that is, he or she is very critical of others.,阅读技巧,随 笔,5. Indeed, its her trademark. (Para. 5),A trademark is a special name, sign, word, etc., marked on a product; it is a special sign or a distinctive characteristic. Now being cute is Marys distinctive feature.,阅读技巧,随 笔,6. Old-fashioned artand valueshave always been at the core of Engelbreits life. (Para. 6),A core is the central part of certain fruit. A core of ones life is the most important part of ones life. The whole sentence means Engelbreit treasures old-fashioned art and values most.,阅读技巧,随 笔,7. Despite her success, Engelbreits feet are planted firmly on the ground. (Para. 12),When one puts his or her feet firmly on the ground, he or she is down-to-earth. In other words, he or she is very realistic and practical.,阅读技巧,随 笔,8. With her work taking off in so many directions, it was perhaps inevitable that Engelbreit would eventually realize her dream of illustrating a childrens book. (Para. 13),When you say an artistic work takes off, you mean it begins to be successful.,Reading Comprehension,New Words,问题预览,课文阅读,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,课文阅读,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,课文阅读,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,课文阅读,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,课文阅读,随 笔,阅读理解,问题预览,课文阅读,随 笔,阅读理解,Questions Previewing,词汇学习,课文阅读,随 笔,阅读理解,Introduction,For you to be better conditioned for reading as fast as 100 words per minute, as required in the new type of examination “Fast Reading”, Text B can serve to be your fast-reading material. But, for this purpose, the best course of action is to know what to scan for in your skimming. Thus, the trick is to keep in your mind the key words of each question before you start off. That is where the “Question Previewing” comes in.,词汇学习,课文阅读,随 笔,阅读理解,Q. 1 When she flew to New York, Mary Engelbreit expected that _. Q. 2 As a result of that fateful, disappointing trip to New York, Engelbreit _. Q. 3 You can tell Engelbreits cards from 20 paces away by their style of being _. Q. 4 _ is the most important characteristic to Mary Engelbreit.,词汇学习,课文阅读,随 笔,阅读理解,Q. 5 According to Engelbreit, _ could help people deal with the demands of modern life. Q. 6 _, who created Raggedy Ann, had some influence on Engelbreit. Q. 7 The birth of Mary Engelbreits son in 1980 _. Q. 8 According to the writer, Mary Engelbreit finally realized her dream of illustrating a childrens book because _.,Passage Reading,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,阅读理解,Chinese,Engelbreits the Name, Cute Is My Game,Para 1 Mary Engelbreit was a talented but struggling artist in her mid-twenties when she flew to New York from her native Saint Louis, hoping to find work illustrating childrens booksher lifes goal. So she was disappointed when all the book publishers she visited turned her down. One even suggested her drawings might be better suited to greeting cards.,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,阅读理解,Para 2 “I was crushed,” Engelbreit admits. Greeting cards seemed a comedown from her high expectations, but the advice stayed with her, and she decided to give it a try. The results transformed her life forever. Para 3a Today Mary Engelbreit sells an astonishing 14 million greeting cards a year. Her popular designs appear on more than 2,000 products, including books, calendars, and kitchen items.,Chinese,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,阅读理解,Para 3b She runs a retail company with shops in nine cities (16 more are planned), and her products are carried by 25,000 retailers. Annual retail sales are in the $100 million rangeall as a result of that fateful, disappointing trip to New York. Its probably no accident that one of Engelbreits bolder cards shows a young girl in overalls, her bare feet up on a desk, a farm field in the window behind her. “We Dont Care How They Do It in New York,” the card boasts.,Chinese,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,阅读理解,Para 4 Once you know Engelbreits distinctive style, you can recognize her cards from 20 paces awaybright, funny, and with an eye to the past. Her cards usually have elaborate border designs comprised of repeated images: hearts, flowers, peaches, and teapots, for example. Most often, theres Ann Estelle, a woman with short, straight hair, big glasses, hat and an acid tongue. Ann Estelle (named after her grandmother) is the imaginary representative of Marys outlook.,Chinese,Para 5a Engelbreit is cheerful, down-to-earth, humorous, and always cute. “I think the world could use more cuteness,” she explains. Indeed, its her trademark. Her business card once featured a drawing of Ann Estelle, cigar in her mouth and drink in hand, with the message “Engelbreits the Name, Cute Is My Game.”,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,阅读理解,Chinese,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,阅读理解,Para 5b She adds, “As the world gets more complicated, its nice to have old-fashioned stuff around to help people cope with the demands of modern life. Its like comfort food. This is comfort art.” Para 6 Old-fashioned artand valueshave always been at the core of Engelbreits life. Born June 5, 1952, in St. Louis, the oldest of three daughters, she started drawing almost as soon as she could hold a pencil.,Chinese,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,阅读理解,Para 7 One of her earliest memories, from age four, is of sketching her parents all dressed up to go out for the evening. “I was so impressed I had to record it,” she says. But what impressed her most were illustrations from the childrens books that her mother read to her. Artists such as Jessie Willcox Smith, illustrator of childrens literary classics, and Johnny Gruelle, creator of Raggedy Ann, were very influential in the development of her early drawings.,Chinese,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,阅读理解,Para 8a While attending secondary school, Engelbreit sold dozens of hand-drawn cards to a local shop for 25 cents a pieceher first venture into art and commerce. She ignored her teachers advice to become an English teacher and didnt bother with going on to a university because “I was ready to plunge into my life as an artist.” Working in an art-supply shop, “I met working artists and realized you can make a living doing this.”,Chinese,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,阅读理解,Para 8b A later job as a designer at an advertising agency “taught me about the business of art”. Para 9 In 1975 Engelbreit met social worker Phil Delano, and the couple married two years later. Delano became his wifes biggest supporter. “Even when we had no money, he never said, Go get a job,” she says. “I cant express my gratitude for his support.”,Chinese,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,阅读理解,Para 10a After that ill-fated trip to New York, Engelbreit sent a sample of her drawings to two greeting card companies. One bought three of her original drawings, and she did occasional work for the other, sketching a lot of whales, dragons, castles and mythical animals. Then in 1980 the birth of her son added a new element to her work. “Suddenly everyday life seemed more interesting to me,” she says.,Chinese,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,阅读理解,Para 10b Children, pets, even “good old Mom” started showing up on her cards. Her work became “pictures of daily life, things everyones been through”. Para 11a While eight months pregnant, in 1983, Engelbreit decided to start her own company. Within two years, her company was producing nearly 100 different cards and selling a million of them a year.,Chinese,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,阅读理解,Para 11b In 1986 she licensed the copyrights to the cards to Sunrise Publications, who now manages their production and distribution, allowing her to focus on other projects. Among these is her home-decorating magazine which is sent to 550,000 people.,Chinese,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,阅读理解,Para 12 Despite her success, Engelbreits feet are planted firmly on the ground. She still lives 16 kilometres from where she grew up, has many friends dating back to school years, and moved from a large house to a smaller one because, she explains, her family didnt use all the space in the old place. She does most of her drawing in her home studio at night.,Chinese,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,阅读理解,Para 13 With her work taking off in so many directions, it was perhaps inevitable that Engelbreit would eventually realize her dream of illustrating a childrens book. In 1993 she created drawings for a childrens book and saw it become a best-seller. At the same time she made a surprising discovery: “It was fun, but oddly enough, I like doing cards best.”,Chinese,Choice Making,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,课文阅读,1. When she flew to New York, Mary Engelbreit expected that _. A. she would illustrate childrens books B. she would be better suited to drawing greeting cards C. she would be turned down by the book publishers D. she would give a try at drawing greeting cards,Refer to Para. 1.,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,课文阅读,Refer to Para. 3a&3b.,2. As a result of that fateful, disappointing trip to New York, Engelbreit _. A. drew illustrations for a childrens book B. gave up on drawing illustrations C. made a drawing of a young girl in overalls D. became a successful illustrator for greeting cards,Return to Para. 3b.,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,课文阅读,3. You can tell Engelbreits cards from 20 paces away by their style of being _. A. plain and funny B. bright and funny C. plain and bold D. serious,Refer to Para. 4.,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,课文阅读,Refer to Para. 5a.,4. Which of the following characteristics is most important to Mary Engelbreit? A. Cheerful. B. Down-to-earth. C. Cute. D. Humorous.,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,课文阅读,5. According to Engelbreit, _ could help people deal with the demands of modern life. A. being humorous B. being cute C. old-fashioned things D. complicated things,Refer to Para. 5b.,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,课文阅读,6. _, who created Raggedy Ann, had some influence on Engelbreit. A. Jessie Willcox Smith B. Johnny Gruelle C. Ann Estelle D. Phil Delano,Refer to Para. 7.,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,课文阅读,7. The birth of Mary Engelbreits son in 1980 _. A. helped to broaden Mary Engelbreits vision of art B. helped her know more about mythical animals C. made her work become pictures of daily life D. made her interested in everyday life,Refer to Para. 10a.,词汇学习,问题预览,随 笔,课文阅读,8. According to the writer, Mary Engelbreit finally realized her dream of illustrating a childrens book because _. A. she learned how to illustrate pictures of animals B. she kept her feet planted on the ground C. she made many discoveries due to her cards D. she succeeded in many different ways,Refer to Para. 13,Test Yourself,Compound Dictation,In-Depth Reading,Compound Dictation,You will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S8 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered S9 to S11 you are required to fill in missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Now listen to the passage.,Directions:,阅读填空,随 笔,Its difficult to imagine the sea ever running out of fish. Its so vast, so deep, so S1 _. Unfortunately, its not bottomless. Over-fishing, S2 _ with destructive fishing practices, is killing off the fish and S3 _ their environment. Destroy the fish, and you destroy the fishermens S4 _ of living. At least 60 S5 _ of the worlds commercially important fish S6 _ are already over-fished, or fished to the limit.,mysterious,coupled,ruining,percent,species,阅读填空,随 笔,means,As a result, governments have had to close down some areas of sea to commercial fishing. Big, high-tech fleets S7 _ that everything in their path is pulled out of water. Anything too small, or the wrong thing, is thrown back either dead or dying. Thats an S8 _ of more than 20 million metric tons every year. S9 _ _ _.,ensure,average,When you consider, that equals a quarter of the world catch, you begin to see the size of the problem,阅读填空,随 笔,In some parts of the world, for every kilogram of prawns (对虾) caught, up to 15 kilograms of unsuspecting fish and other marine wildlife die, simply for being in the wrong place at the wrong time. True, S10_ _ _, before every ocean becomes the dead sea. S11 _ _, then catch them in a way that doesnt kill other innocent sea life.,some countries are beginning to deal with this problem, but its vital we find rational ways of fishing,It would make a sense to give the fish enough time to recover, grow to full size and reproduce,阅读填空,随 笔,In-Depth Reading,In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank above the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.,Directions:,复合听写,随 笔,Why does cream go bad faster than butter? Some researchers think they have the answer, and it comes down to the 1 _ of the food, not its chemical compositiona finding that could help rid some processed foods of chemical preservatives.,structure,复合听写,随 笔,Cream and butter contain pretty much the same substances, so why cream should sour much faster has been a 2 _. Both are emulsions tiny globules (小球体) of one liquid 3 _ distributed throughout another. The difference lies in whats in the globules and whats in the surrounding liquid, says Brocklehurst, who led the investigation.,mystery,evenly,复合听写,随 笔,In cream, fatty globules drift about in a sea of water. In butter, globules of a watery solution are locked away in a sea of fat. The bacteria which make the food go bad 4 _ to live in the watery regions of the mixture. “This means that in cream, the bacteria are free to grow throughout the mixture,” he says.,prefer,复合听写,随 笔,When the situation is 5 _, the bacteria are locked away in compartments (隔仓室) buried deep in the sea of fat. 6 _ in this way, individual colonies cannot spread and rapidly run out of nutrients (养料). They also 7 _ poison themselves with their waste products.,reversed,复合听写,随 笔,Trapped,slowly,“In butter, you get a self-limiting system which stops the bacteria growing,” says Brocklehurst. The researchers are already working with food companies keen to see if their products can be made 8 _ to bacterial attac