状语从句重难点详解.ppt

状 语 从 句 详 解,禄劝一中 董加维 2009年4月8日,状语从句,用作状语的从句叫做状语从句。引导状语从句的关联词是一些从属连词。 例： When you cross the road, you must be careful. 当你过马路时要小心。（when是从属连词） I was late because I missed the bus. 我迟到了，因为我误了公共汽车。（关联词是从属连词because）. If she asks me, Ill tell her. 她如果问我，我就告诉她。（关联词是从属连词if） You look as if you need a rest. 你像是需要休息似的。（关联词是从属连词as if）.,从上面的例子可以看出，状语从句的位置比较灵活，有时可以放于句首，有时可以置于句末。状语从句位于句首时，其后常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。 状语从句可以根据其用途分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、程度状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句及方式状语从句，今天我们主要来复习时间状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。,1. 时间状语从句,引导时间状语从句的关联词常有：after, before, when, while, whenever, as soon as, as, since, until等。例： The ball goes up very high after it hits the ground. 这球着地后蹦得很高。 Wait until youre called. 你等着叫你吧！ When he came, I was cooking. 他来时，我在做饭。 Ill call you as soon as I come back. 我一回来就给你打电话。 Before they came back, we had finished the work. 他们回来前，我们已经完成工作了。 We havent seen each other since he left. 从他离开后我们没见过面。,2. 原因状语从句,原因状语从句通常由because, as, since等词引导。 because语气较强，用以回答why问句 as语气较弱，较口语化，所表示的原因较明显。 since语气较弱，常表对方已知的事实，相当于汉语的“既然”。,e.g.,I eat potatoes because I like them. 我吃土豆是因为我喜欢土豆。 As I didnt know the way, I asked a policeman. 我由于不知道路，因而问警察。 Since you wont help me, Ill ask someone else. 你既然不帮我，那我就请别人帮我。,3. 结果状语从句,结果状语从句常用so that, such that等关联词引导。 e.g. He is so young that he cant go to work. 他如此小以致于他不能上班。 He got so little pay that his family had to live on welfare money. 他工资很少，他的家人不得不靠救济金生活。 Its such a good chance that we mustnt miss it. 机会这样好，我们决不能失掉。,4. 目的状语从句,目的状语从句常由so that, in order that等词引导，目的状语从句常用助动词may（might）, shall（should）, will（would）, can (could)。目的状语从句常放于主句之后，例： Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 你要讲得清楚，他们才听得懂。 He spoke slowly in order that everyone should understand. 他讲得很慢以便人人能听懂。,5. 条件状语从句,条件状语从句表示条件，关联词常用if或unless, as (so) long as. If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman. 明天如果下雪，我们就堆雪人。 Youll catch a cold unless you put on your coat. 你会感冒的除非你穿上大衣。 He will do anything as long as it is interesting. 只要有趣，他什么都愿意干。,6. 让步状语从句,让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管，即使”等概念，常用的关联词有：though, although, even though等。 Though he was ill, he was still working. 他虽然有病，但仍然继续工作。 Although it is difficult, we shall do it. 此事虽难，但我们还是要做。 Even though you say so, I do not believe it. 即使你这样说，我也不信。,注：,though和although可以互换，只是although比较正式。 though不可以与连词but连用，但可以与yet，still连用，例： Though he worked hard, he couldnt pass the exam. 虽然他很努力，但还是没通过考试。,7. 比较状语从句,比较状语从句常用than或asas引导，than表示两者的比较，asas表示程度相同的比较。例： He is taller than I. 他比我高。 That book is more interesting than this one. 那本书比这本有趣。 He runs as fast as I （do）. 他和我跑得一样快。 He is older than me.,注：1,比较状语从句后面的主语在口语中常用宾格。 如果后面的句子主语为主格时，可以加助动词、情态动词等。 He can jump higher than I can. 他能比我跳得高。 He came later than LiLei did. 他比李磊来得晚。,注：2,because of和because的区别 because of后加名词代词或动名词，不加句子，而because加句子，例： Because of his illness, he didnt go to work. 因为生病，他没上班。 Because he was ill, he didnt go to work. 在条件和时间状语从句中，如果主句用将来时，从句常用一般现在时。 If it doesnt rain, well go fishing. 明天不下雨我们就去钓鱼。 As soon as he comes back, Ill let him know it. 他一回来，我就让他知道这事。 if构成条件从句时意为“如果”，可以放句首也可以放主句后；构成宾语从句时意为“是否”，一般放主句后。,例:,I dont know if he will come tomorrow.（宾从） 我不知道他明天是否来。 If he comes, Ill tell you.（Ill tell you if he comes.） 如果他来，我会告诉你。,【模拟试题】（答题时间：50分钟）,（ ）1. Did he tell you _ at the school gate? A. who he waited for B. who is he waiting C. who did he wait for D. who he was waiting （ ）2. Do you know _? A. who is he B. what he is C. what is he D. who he is,A,D,（ ）3. I dont know _. A. where does he come from B. where he does come from C. where he come from D. where he comes from （ ）4. Excuse me. Could you tell me _ get to the plane? Certainly. Go straight along here. A. how can we B. how we can C. where can we D. where we can （ ）5. The teacher asked the new student _ class he was in. A. which B. where C. how D. when,D,B,A,（ ）6. Do you know _ after school every day? A. what does he do B. he does what C. what he does D. does he do what （ ）7. Have you decided _ with me? A. who will you go B. who will go C. who went D. who did you go （ ）8. He asked me _. A. who did kick the first goal in the World Cup B. when was the APEC meeting held C. when China became a member of the WTO D. where will the 2008 Olympic be held,C,B,C,（ ）9. Kate has gone to Shanghai and I dont know _ tomorrow. A. when she calls me B. when she will call me C. when does she call me D. when will she call me （ ）10. Where does he come from? Pardon? I asked where _. A. did he come from B. he came from C. he comes from D. does he come from （ ）11. I didnt know _ at the meeting yesterday. A. what to say B. to say what C. why to say D. to say why,B,A,B,（ ）12. Could you tell me _? A. what time the plane leaves B. what time the plane leave C. what time did the plane leave D. what time will the plane leave （ ）13. Do you know _ she knows it? A. what B. if C. when D. what （ ）14. Boys and girls, did you hear _ I said? A. that B. what C. it D. those （ ）15. You must remember _. A. what your teacher said B. what did your teacher say C. your teacher said what D. what has your teacher said,B,B,A,A,（ ）16. I watched that man for a long time and wanted to know _. A. whether I have seen him before B. where I had seen him before C. that I had seen him before D. when did I see him （ ）17. Do you know _? Sorry, I dont know. You may ask the woman over there. A. when the shop opens B. when is the shop open C. when does the shop open D. when will the shop open （ ）18. Do you know why she _Mr. Wang tomorrow? She has changed her mind. A. wont visit B. didnt visit C. doesnt visit D. hasnt visit,A,A,B,（ ）19. Could you tell me _ with the broken window? A. what I should do B. what should I do C. how to d D. how I should do （ ）20. Do you know _? They moved here soon after their son was born. A. when would the Greens move here B. when the Greens moved here C. the Greens would move here D. when the Greens would move here （ ）21. I dont know when he _ back from England. A. will come B. come C. comes D. coming,B,A,A,（ ）22. What did your son say in the letter? He told me that he _ the Disney World the next day. A. will visit B. has visited C. is going to visit D. would visit （ ）23. If he _harder next time, he will catch up with us. A. work B. worked C. works D. will work （ ）24. I think WeiHua will be very happy when she _your presents. A. looks B. will look C. receives D. will receive,C,C,D,（ ）25. Well set out as soon as our monitor _. A. come B. comes C. will come D. has come （ ）26. Ill go with you if it _fine tomorrow. A. has been B. is C. will be D. be （ ）27. Ill meet him at the station when he _. A. will return B. return C. returns D. returned （ ）28. I wont go to see the film tonight, because I _ my ticket. A. lost B. have lost C. will lost D. didnt have,B,B,C,B,（ ）29. Are you going to visit the farm tomorrow? Yes. But if it _, well stay at school. A. rain B. rained C. rains D. will rain （ ）30. Please dont stand up in class until you _. A. were told to B. are told to C. were told D. are told （ ）31. They wont be back until the work _. A. do B. does C. is done D. will do （ ）32. Xiao Ming will come and play with me if he _busy. A. is B. wont be C. isnt D. will be,B,C,C,C,（ ）33. I will let you know about it as soon as I _the news. A. will get B. get C. got D. get （ ）34. T