重庆科创职业学院资料库精读2u.ppt

Unit One,Is There Life on Earth,Contents,Guided-Learning Warm-up Background Information Learning-Aims The Main Idea of this text The Structure of this text New words and expressions The Analysis of this text,The Tide Rises, The Tide Falls,The tide rises, the tide falls, The twilight darkens, the curlew calls; Along the sea-sands damp and brown The traveler hastens towards the town. And the tide rises, the tide falls, Darkness settles on roofs and walls, But the sea, the sea in the darkness calls;,The little waves, with their soft, white hands; Efface(抹掉) the footprints in the sands, And the tide rises, the tide falls, The morning breaks, the steeds(骏马) in their stalls Stamp(跺脚) and neigh(马嘶), as the hostler(马夫)calls; The day returns, but nevermore Returns the traveler to the shore, And the tide rises, the tide falls. - Henry W. Longfellow,Questions,Is there life on earth in your mind? Do you think our earth has been polluted by us ? Whats your attitude toward pollution?,Background Information,1. Art Buchwald (1925-) 2. The Planet of Venus 3. Satellite 4. Manhattan 5. 20,000 light years 6. Press Conference 7. skyscraper 8. Ziches,Background Information,1. Art Buchwald (1925-): Art Buchwald is a well-known American humorist and journalist for the Washington Post. He writes a political humor column that appears daily in hundreds of newspapers across the United States. His columns frequently deal with stories about politicians and famous personalities, current events in politics and issues in the news. Some of his well-received columns have been collected and reprinted in book form.,2. The Planet of Venus,Venus The second planet from the sun in the solar system. It is the brightest object in our sky, after the sun and moon.,Solar System,Venus is the second planet in distance from the sun and nearest to the Earth of all the planets in the solar system. Except for the sun and the moon, Venus is the brightest object in the sky. The planet is called “the morning star” when it appears in the east at sunrise, and “the evening star” when it is in the west at sunset.,The surface temperature of Venus averages about 475 degrees centigrade and its atmosphere is about 95% carbon dioxide. Oxygen is very rare. The high temperature and near absence of oxygen on venues make it unlikely that life as we know it could exist there.,3. Satellite,A satellite is a manufactured object that continuously orbits the earth or some other body n space. Most artificial satellites orbit the earth. People use them to study the universe, help forecast the weather, transfer telephone calls over the oceans, assist in the navigation of ships and aircraft, monitor crops and other resources and observe movements of military equipment on the ground. Artificial satellites mainly gather information about the bodies they orbit.,4. Manhattan,Manhattan is one of the commercial, financial, and cultural centers of the world. They include Broadway, Chinatown, the Empire State Building, Greenwich Village, Times Square, the United Nations Headquarters, Wall Street, and many churches, colleges, skyscrapers, and theatres. Most of New Yorks municipal buildings stand on Manhattan Island. When people think of New York City, they are usually thinking of Manhattan, the core of the city.,Chinatown,the Empire State Building,the Empire State Building,Greenwich Village,Times Square,20,000 light years,A light year is the distance that light travels in one year, about 6 trillion miles. Art Buchwald is being humorous when he deliberately says: “20,000 light years ago.” the intened meaning is only “a very, very long time ago.”,Press Conference,A Press Conference (also news conference) is a meeting arranged by an important person to which news reporters are invited to listen to a statement or to ask questions.,Skyscraper,Skyscraper is the name given to the worlds tallest buildings. These giant structures first appeared during the late 1800s in Chicago and New York city. Skyscrapers provide space for offices, apartments, stores, hotels, restaurants, sports clubs, and other facilities.,迪拜塔,818m 160c 80 billion dollars,Ziches,“ziches” is a slang word meaning zero or nothing. In our text it is used as if it were a monetary unit such as yuan or dollar. A native speaker would immediately see the humor in spending billions and billions of nothings.,Learning Aims,本课通过描述金星上科学家们发射到地球上的一颗卫星所提供的资料, 得出了一个惊人的结论: 地球上不存在生命. 原因是人类一赖以生存的自然环境爱污染的程度已相当厉害, 不适合于生命生存. 作者意在提醒人们: 我们的环境已经遭以严重破坏, 人类必须将自取灭亡. 文章幽默诙谐, 读后令人深思. 阅读中, 请同学们注意学习文中一些考试常见的句式结构和修辞手法的应用, 如矛盾修辞法( oxymoron) 等, 建议大家熟悉掌握.,The Main Idea of this text,This is a piece of science fiction and a satire. It may provoke us into serious thinking. Venusian scientists are researching the human being and trying to explore the possibility of life on Earth. Based on the information the satellite has sent back, Venusian scientists have some to the conclusion that there is no life on Earth. The surface, the atmosphere, the water, the space all seem unfit for survival. The author wants to call our attention to the fact that man has polluted his environment to such an extent that he might destroy himself and man should take effective measures to protect his environment.,Two points must be clear: It is a science fiction, the setting of the story is on the planet Venus. It is written from the “Venusians” point of view that whether there is life on earth or not.,词语充电(自然环境),Physical geography Economic geography Geology Cosmology Meteorology Vegetation Relief,自然地理 经济地理 地理学 宇宙论 气象学 植被 地形,词语充电(自然环境),Climate Universe, cosmos world Globe Earth, globe Continent Peninsula,气候 宇宙 世界 地球仪 地壳 大陆 半岛,词语充电(自然环境),Island Plain Valley Meadow Prairie Lake Pond Marsh, bog, swamp,岛 平原 谷地 (小)草原 (大)草原 湖泊 池塘 沼泽,词语充电(自然环境),Moor, moorland Desert Dune Oasis Virgin forest Coast archipelago,还原 沙漠 沙丘 绿洲 原始森林 海岸 群岛,It is humorous essay. But after reading it you will surely find that the author is most serious in writing it.,There was great excitement on the planet of Venus this week. For the first time Venusian scientists managed to land a satellite on the plant Earth, and is has been sending back signals as well as photographs ever since.,Is there life on earth?,Para. 1,Is there life on earth?,Is there any possibility of life existing on earth?,For the first time Venusian scientists managed to land a satellite on the plant Earth, and is has been sending back signals as well as photographs ever since.,The venusian scientists succeeded in launching the first satellite to the planet Earth, and it has been sending back signals as well as photographs ever since.,manage,vi. 处理， 应付过去 Vt. 管理， 控制， 运用， 达成 Manageable adj. 易处理的， 便于管理的 Management n. 经营， 管理 Manager n. 经理， 管理人员 Managerial adj. 管理的,expressions,Manage to do sth. 设法做 E.g. He managed to avoid an accident. 他设法避免了一次事故。 Manage with 以 设法应付 Manage without 在设有 下应付过去,Practice,To prevent flooding in winter the water flowing from the dam is constantly _ by a computer. A. graded B. managed C. conducted D. monitored,Answer: D 这句话的意思是：“为了预防冬季洪水, 人们 用一台计算机持续监控水流, 过堤坝的情况”.,评分, 评级, 分等级,处理, 经营,监控,Signal,n. 信号, 暗号, 红绿灯 v. 发信号, 用信号表示(警告, 通知等) E.g. The teacher signaled to the boy to begin. 老师向那个男孩做手势, 叫他开始. The railway signal showed that the train could pass. 铁路的信号显示火车可以通过.,practice,Call your doctor for advice if the _ persist for more than a few days. A. responses B. signals C. symptoms D. reflections 如果症状持续几天的话, 请致电医生咨询.,Para. 1,本周金星上的情绪激动异常。金星上的科学家首次把一颗卫星成功地送上了地球，此后卫星便不断地发回信号和照片。,The satellite was directed into an area known as Manhattan (named after the great Venusian astronomer Prof. Manhattan, who first discovered it with his telescope 20,000 light years ago).,Para. 2,Be known as,被认为是 They are known as the House of Representatives and the Senate. 它们被称为众议院和参议院. Be known for 因而众所周知 E.g. The islanders are known for their hospitality. 岛上的居民以好客闻名.,Related-expressions,Know about 知道关于 Know a thing or two. 明事理， 精明机智 Know better than (to do) 知道 是不对的 Know of 晓得 Know-all n. 无所不知的人. Know-nothing n. 无知之人,Practice,The author of the report is well_ with the problems in the hospital because he has been working there for many years. A. acquainted B. informed C. accustomed D. known,这篇报告的作者熟悉医院里的总是国为 他在医院里工作了许多年.,熟知的 be acquainted with,通常的山, 习惯的,Be named after,Be given the same name (of) as 用命名 E.g. The teaching building was named after Shao Yifu, a famous donor, who has donated millions of dollars to colleges or universities in his life. 这座教学楼用邵逸夫的名字命名， 这位著名慈善家一生中给许多大学的捐款高达几百万美元.,Related-expressions,In the name of 以的名义 E.g. He attended the party in the name of his father. 他以他父亲的名义参加聚会. Make a name for oneself 出名, 成名 E.g. He made a name for himself as a concert pianist. 他以交响乐钢琴演奏家成名.,Related- expressions,To (ones ) name 属于某人的 E.g. I dont have a hat to my name. 我没有合适的职位.,Astronomer,Telescope,Para. 2,卫星对准发射的地方叫曼哈顿（是以金星上伟大的天文学家曼哈顿教授命名的，在两万光年之前该教授用望远镜首次发现了这个地区）。,Para. 3,Because of excellent weather conditions and extremely strong signals, Venusian scientists were able to get valuable information as to the feasibility of a manned flying saucer landing on Earth. A press conference was held at the Venus Institute of Technology.,Because of excellent weather conditions and extremely strong signals, Venusian scientists were able to get valuable information as to the feasibility of a manned flying saucer landing on Earth. Because weather conditions were excellent and signals were extremely strong. Venusian scientists could gain precious information about the feasibility of a flying saucer with man landing on Earth.,Feasibility,n.可行性, 可能性 E.g. A feasibility study is required before the bank agrees to finance a project. 银行同意提供项目资金之前需要进行可行性研究. Feasible adj. 可行的, 切实可行的,Practice,Shoes of this kind are _ to slip on wet ground. A. feasible B. appropriate C. apt D. fitting 这种鞋子在湿地上容易打滑.,易于.的, 有倾向的,practice,He suggested that we put the scheme into effect, for it is quite_. A. probable B. sustainable C. feasible D. eligible 他建议我们实施这个计划， 因为它是可行的。,可以忍受的,符合条件的, 合格的,Flying Saucer,Para. 3,由于天气条件极为有利，信号极为清晰，金星科学家们从而获得了有关载人飞碟能否在地球上着陆的宝贵资料。于是，在金星理工学院举行了一次记者招待会。,Para. 4,“We have come to the conclusion, based on last weeks satellite landing,“ Prof. Zog said, “that there is no life on Earth.“ “根据上周发射的卫星所提供的资料，我们已经得出结论,”佐格教授说，“地球上没有生命。”,We have come to the conclusion, based on last weeks satellite landing,We have drawn the conclusion from last weeks satellite landing.,Come to a / the conclusion,reach/ raw a / the conclusion E.g. We dont know what conclusion the researcher will come to. They came to different conclusion based on the same facts.,Para. 5-6,“How do you know this?“ the science reporter of the Venus Evening Star asked. “For one thing, Earths surface in the area of Manhattan is composed of solid concrete and nothing can grow there. For another, the atmosphere is filled with carbon monoxide and other deadly gases and nobody could possibly breather this air and survive.“,For one thing,首先, 一则 For one thing, I havent any money; for another, I havent any time. 一则我没钱, 二则我没时间. We dont think this house is worth the price they are asking for. For one thing, the interior design is not very good. For another, it is too close to downtown areas. 我们认为这栋房子不值他们的要价这么多钱, 一则, 内部设计不好; 二则, 离闹市区太近.,compose,v. 组成, 构成 Composition n. 写作, 作文. Be composed of 由 组成 Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. 水是由氢和氧组成的.,Compose, consist of, comprise, constitute,Compose 在表示 “由材料构成”时, 常见于被动语态; 在用于主动语态时, 一般所表示 “构成” 或 “组成”总包含关融合为一, 而且主语或者是复数名诩或者是集体名词. E.g. England, Scotland and Wales compose the island of Great Britain. 英格兰, 苏格兰和威尔士构成大不列颠岛.,Comprise,在表示 “构成”时, 其内涵是 “包括”或 “覆盖”. The committee comprises men of widely different views. 这个委员会由持不同见解的人组成.,Consist of,的含义与被动语态的compose相同. Though the costume consists only of a sheet, it was very effective. 虽然那件化装服仅由一条床单组成, 但效果很好.,constitute,的主语可以是复数名词不达意也可以是单数名词, 所 “构成”的事物在属性和特征上, 组织上与组成成分是一致的. This growing poverty in the midst of growing poverty constitutes a permanent menace to peace. 在这中不断增长的贫困, 构成了对和平的永久的威胁.,Para. 5-6,“您这是怎么知道的呢？”金星晚报的记者问。 “首先，曼哈顿地区的地球表面均由坚固的混凝土构成，什么东西也无法生长。另外，大气层中充满了一氧化碳和其他致命的气体，任何人呼吸了这种空气都不能幸存下来。”,Para. 7-9,“What does this mean as far as our flying sauce program is concerned?“ “We shall have to take our own oxygen with us, which means a much heavier flying saucer than we originally planned.“ “Are there any other hazards that you discovered in your studier?“,“What does this mean as far as our flying saucer program is concerned?” “这对我们的飞碟计划来说又意味着什么呢？” as far asbe concerned: as for; considering e.g. As far as the color is concerned, I prefer this suit to that one. As far as English is concerned, he is the first in our class.,“We shall have to take our own oxygen with us, which means a much heavier flying saucer than we originally planned.” “这意味着我们必须随身携带我们所需要的氧气，这样以来，飞碟就要比我们原先计划的重得多。,e.g. I live here now, but I wonder who lived here originally? 我现在住在这儿，但是我想知道最初是谁住在这儿的？ The novel originally came from a true love affair. 这本小说原先是从一个真实的爱情故事发展而来的。,originally: at very beginning,“Are there any other hazards that you discovered in your studies?” “在你们的研究中有没有发现其他什么危险呢？”,hazard: danger,e.g. a hazard to health 对健康有危害 There are many hazards in a journey across Africa. 穿越非洲的旅行有许多危险。,“Take a look at this photo. You see this dark black cloud hovering over the surface of Earth? We call this the Consolidated Edison Belt. We dont know what it is made of, but it could give us a lot of trouble and we shall have to make further tests before we send a Venus Being there.”,Para. 10,You see this dark black cloud hovering over the surface of Earth? Have you found this dark black cloud hanging over the surface of Earth?,hover: vi. 盘旋；翱翔；徘徊；守留在近处 e.g. Some birds hover when they look for animals to kill on the ground. 有些鸟在扑杀地上的动物时，它们（在空中）盘旋。 The criminal is hovering between life and death. (喻)这犯罪分子在生死之间徘徊。,hover,Para. 10,“请看这张照片。诸位看到在地球表面上方漂浮的这片深黑色的云层吗？我们把它叫做爱迪生联合电气公司带。虽然我们还不知道它含有什么成分，但是它很可能会给我们带来许多麻烦，我们还必须做更多的试验，然后才能把金星人送往地球。”,Para. 11,“Over here you will notice what seems to be a river, but the satellite findings indicate it is polluted and the water is unfit to drink. This means we shall have to carry our own water, which will add even greater weight to the saucer.”,Be unfit for 不合适的, 不适合的,He is unfit for military service because of poor eyesight. 视力不佳, 不适合参军.,Fit, suitable, proper,这些形容词意思为 “恰当的或正确的”. Fit 意思是对某一意图, 场合或使用是合适的. e.g. a meal fit for a gourmet 一位美食家很合适的一餐.,Suitable,暗含符合某要求, 完成某需要或实现某意图的能力. He bought an overcoat suitable for everyday wear. 他买了一件适合平时穿的外套. This book is not suitable for children. 这本书不适合孩子们看.,proper,描写的是因与伦理, 风俗或礼仪相符而和谐的或是自然的. The proper time to plant a crop 种庄稼的恰当时间.,Para. 11,“这边，诸位可以看见像是一条河似的东西，不过卫星探测的结果表明它已被污染，河水不适于饮用。这意味着我们必须自己带水，这就会给飞碟增加更多的重量,Para. 12-13,“Sir, what are all those tiny black spots on the photographs?” “Were not certain. They seem to be metal particles that move along certain paths. They emit gases, make noise and keep crashing into each other. There are so many of these paths and so many metal particles that it is impossible to land a flying saucer without its being smashed by one.”,keep (doing sth.): continue (doing sth); do sth. Repeatedly E.g.: My parents kept encouraging me to study hard.,“keep” and “keep on” have almost the same meaning, but “keep on” puts more emphasis on the idea of repetition or determination. e.g. He keeps on phoning me but I really dont want to talk to him. Dont give up hope; keep on trying.,Related- expressions,Keep ones distance 远离, 保持距离 e.g. The deer did not trust us and kept the distance. 鹿不相信我们, 与我们保持距离. Keep time 走时准确 e.g. Does your watch keep time? 你的表走得准吗? Keep us with the Joneses 赶时髦; 与他人攀比 Keep watch注意, 守望,Crash v. 坠落, 碰撞,The airplane crashed over the ocean. 飞机在海洋上坠毁.,Crash, smash, batter,Crash 可以用作及物动词或不及物动词, 其含义是突然猛烈地撞击, 并伴有轰隆声. A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below. 一阵狂风把床吹离了屋顶, “轰”的一声落到下面的院子里. 备注: crash 通常用来表示飞机失事或汽车相撞.,smash,Smash 也可用作及物或不及物动词, 其含义是猛烈碎击或撞碎. Although the bed was smashed to pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt. 虽然那张床被撞成碎片, 但是那个人却奇迹般地没有受伤.,batter,是重击或连续重击, 使击物变形. The police battered the door down and rescued the children from the burning house. 警察把门砸坏, 于是从那着火的房子里救出了孩子们.,Para. 12-13,“先生，照片上那些小小的黑点是什么？” “我们也不清楚。它们好像是一些沿着某些轨道运动的金属微粒。它们排放气体，发出嗓音，而且不断的互相碰撞。那儿有很多这样的轨道，很多这样的金属微粒，要使飞碟在那儿着陆而不被某一颗微粒撞毁是很难办到的。”,Para. 14-15,“What are those stalagmite projections sticking up?” “Theyre some type of granite formations that give off light at night. Prof. Glom has named them skyscrapers since they seem to be scraping the skies.”,stick up: project upwards; stand upright or on end e.g. The Empire State Building that sticks up on Manhattan is one of the tallest skyscrapers in the world.,stick up,Related-expression,Stick in ones memory 记忆犹新 stick in ones throat 难以启齿 Stick to ones guns 坚持自已的观点 Stick together 团结一致 Stick by 忠于 Stick at nothing to do sth. 不择手段的做某事.,since they seem to be scraping the skies. The verb seem is followed by an infinitive in the continuous form, which is used to describe things more vividly and in a lively way.,Para. 14-15,“那些笔直树立的石笋状凸出物是什么东西？” “他们是某种夜间会发光的花岗岩结构。格洛姆教授把它们叫做摩天大楼，因为他们好像已经擦到天了。”,“If all you say is true, wont this set back the flying saucer program several years?” “如果您所说的都是事实，那飞碟计划不就要推迟好多年吗？”,Paragraph Sixteen to Nineteen,“Yes, but we shall proceed as soon as the Grubstart gives us the added funds.” “是的，一但格拉布贷款基金会把追加的基金拿给我们，我们就会立刻实施这一计划。”,“Because if we Venusains can learn to breathe in an Earth atmosphere, then we can live anywhere.” “因为如果我们金星人能学会在地球大气层中呼吸的话，那我们就可以在任何地方生存了。”,set back: cause to put off or get behind schedule; reverse the progress of e.g. Bad weather set back the construction of the building by one month. The accident has set them back several weeks.,Related-expression,Set about 着手(开始)做某事 Set an example for 树立榜样 Set aside 存储, 留下 Set forth 提出 Set free 释放,Structure of the Text,Part One (paragraphs 1-3) Scientists on Venus are d