《联合国难民署》PPT课件.ppt

1,Book IV Unit 3,Refugees,2,I. Background Information,II. Vocabulary Building,III. Comprehension Questions,IV. Sentence Comprehension,V. Assignments,Contents,3,4,I. Background Information,1 UNHCR 联合国难民署 UNHCR was founded in Desember 14 1950 by the UN Assembly and started its program in January1 1951. UNHCR aims at helping the homeless all over the world by providing the life necessity as tents, food, water and medicine at emergent situations.,5,UNHCR has 6540 staff workers in 116 countries and provide protection and assistance for 19.2 million refugees and people of concerned. UNHCRs budge is over US$1 billion annually.,6,I. Background Information,1.2 The High Commissioner 联合国难民事务高级专员 Mr.Antnio Guterres, who joined UNHCR on June 15, 2005, is the UN refugee agencys 10th High Commissioner. He, born in 1949, married, with two chilren, was ex-prime minister of Portugal.,7,People of concered by UNHCR,36% Refugees难民 44% The internally displaced persons (IDP) 国内流离失所者 2% Asylum-seekers 寻求庇护者 9% Stateless persons无国籍人 9% Various 其他,8,9,UNHCR Global Appeal 2009 - Populations of concern to UNHCR,10,11,II. Vocabulary Building,mandate n. v n. the authority to do sth., given to a government or other organization 权利，（政府所获之）授权 A mandate is also the name of an area of land which ahs been given to a country by the UN 联合国授权某国管理的托管地 Vt. if you mandate sth, you give official permission for it to happen 颁布、批准 If sb. is mandated to do sth, they are ordered to do it 被命令,12,II. Vocabulary Building,displaced person = people who have had to leave their homes, esp because of war or very bad weather displace v. =To move or shift from the usual place or position, especially to force to leave a homeland 移动位置; 尤指迫使离开祖国 e.g.数以百万计的难民由于战争而离开家园 Millions of refugees who were displaced by the war.,13,II. Vocabulary Building,dislocate v. 1) To throw into confusion or disorder 扰乱，使混乱陷入混乱或无秩序 e.g. Traffic was dislocated by the snowstorm. 暴风雪使交通陷入混乱状态。 dislocation: disorder / confusion e.g. These policies could cause severe economic and social dislocation. 2) to force a bone suddenly out of its correct position 脱臼 e.g. He dislocated his shoulder in the football game.,14,II. Vocabulary Building,repatriation: repatriate: =to send or bring sb. back to their own country e.g. The refugees were forcibly repatriated. ( forced repatriation/ voluntary repatriation),15,II. Vocabulary Building,provoke = to stir up/ incite e. g. The article was intended to provoke discussion on the refugee problems. flight = exodus/ a journey by a large group of people to escape from a hostile environment 大迁徙 fester = to become much worse 愈益恶化,16,II. Vocabulary Building,degradation = the process of sth being damaged or made worse 毁坏，恶化（过程） e.g. ecological/ moral 生态恶化、道德堕落 ethnic = of a national or racial group of people,17,II. Vocabulary Building,strain: = to try to make sth do more than it is able to do 过度使用；使不堪承受 e.g. His constant complaints were straining our patience. 他没完没了的抱怨让我们忍无可忍。 The sudden coming of visitors is straining hotels in the town to the limit. 游客突然涌入，城里的旅馆全都爆满。 generosity = benevolence/ kindness/ charity,18,II. Vocabulary Building,asylum = shelter = protection that a government gives to people who have left their own country, usu. because they were in danger for political reasons 获准政治避难 be granted asylum seal = to prevent people from passing through a place ; shut 封锁,19,II. Vocabulary Building,Integration = the action of incorporating a racial or religious group into a community integrate =v. to make sb. become accepted as a member of a social group e.g. It is very difficult to integrate yourself into a society whose culture is so different from your own. devastate =to completely destroy,20,II. Vocabulary Building,duplication = making an exact copy of sth duplicate v. e.g. There is no point in duplicating work already done. Lack of communication between the two led to a wasteful duplication of effort. fragile = weak, and can be easily destroyed or damaged; breakable,21,II. Vocabulary Building,national =n. a citizen of a particular country 公民 reintegration = rebuild; recovery,22,II. Vocabulary Building,Usher sth. in = to be the beginning of sth new = to make sth new begin e.g. The change of management ushered in fresh ideas and policies. Prospects (pl.) for = possibility 开辟广阔的前景usher in broad prospects for,23,II. Vocabulary Building,an impediment to =obstacle/ something that delays or stops the progress of sth e.g. The level of inflation is a serious impediment to economic recovery. rehabilitate = to help sb to have a normal, useful life again after they have been very ill or in prison for a long time a drug rehabilitation center 吸毒者康复中心,24,II. Vocabulary Building,Indiscriminately An Indiscriminate action is done without thought about what the result may be e.g. be indiscriminate in the choice of friends. to copy indiscriminately the experience of others 随处埋藏的地雷,25,II. Vocabulary Building,militant =people who are aggressive and combative Shiites: A member of the branch of Islam 什叶派教徒,26,II. Vocabulary Building,The ebb and flow of sth/sb. = the repeated, often regular movement from one state to another e.g. The ebb and flow of money 资金流动 The ebb and flow of the tides/ seasons 潮水的涨落；季节的交替,27,II. Vocabulary Building,plight: difficult condition e.g. 无家可归者的艰难困苦 The plight of the homeless High seas: the seas which are not controlled by any country Reinstatement: v. reinstate : to restore to a previous condition or position. be reinstated in an office to lost privileges 复职 恢复特权 e.g. A month after being unfairly dismissed, he was reinstated in his job.,28,II. Vocabulary Building,deliberate : = done on purpose paramilitary: =similar to an army, but not official and often not legal 准军事的；半军事的 Notably: especially,29,II. Vocabulary Building,Wariness: =caution Be Wary of: watchful 警惕的 Be wary of strangers. 提防陌生人,30,II. Vocabulary Building,preferably: =more pleasantly or suitably; it is best if you do this e.g. You may come, preferably, in the morning. 你还是早晨来更好。,31,III. Comprehension Questions,Para1. Question 1 In what way can UNHCR carry out the responsibility of the core mandate? Answer to Question 1 by providing international refugee protection and by seeking permanent solutions to their dislocation, preferably through voluntary repatriation.,32,III. Comprehension Questions,Para1. Question 2 Why those African countries who used to welcome Refugees are now reluctant to accept them ? Answer to Question 2 key words: environmental degradation/ ethnic imbalance/strain the generosity of ,33,III. Comprehension Questions,Para1. Question 3 What were the measures taken by the traditionally welcomed refugees countries to prohibit refugees from coming to their countries? Answer to Question 3 Key words: Zaire/Tanzania host to/ an asylum country/ seal the border,34,III. Comprehension Questions,Para1. Question 4 How worse was the refugee situation in Rwanda? Answer to Question 4 “Mostly Tutsithe former exiles a move that complicated the return of the new caseload.” Key word: exile/ move/ caseload caseload= the number of cases handled in a given period 工作量、总数量,35,III. Comprehension Questions,Para1. Question 5 What agreement had been reached to solve the refugee problems in Rwanda and Mozambique? To repatriate the refugees to their homeland Question 6 Whats the focus of UNHCR after the refugees were repatriated? Answer to Question 6 Key words: integration/ devastated“To helping their long-term integration into a devastated country.,36,III. Comprehension Questions,Para1. Question 7 How about refugees in Angola, Somali, Sudan, Kenya, and Liberia? Answer to Question 7 Key words: duplication /a fragile peace prevailed / nationals/ reintegration/usher in prospects for Answer to the question,37,III. Comprehension Questions,Para 2. Question 1 Whats the current situation for the humanitarian crisis in African Great Lakes region ? Answer to Question 1 key words: provoke/flight/ fester,38,III. Comprehension Questions,Para 3. Question 1 What does the sentence “aggressors and victims changed roles as the war increased the displaced-person population” mean? Answer to Question 1 Both Serbian and Croatian became victims and homeless,39,III. Comprehension Questions,Para 3. Question 2 What are the results of the harsh oppression of Russia to Chechnya? Answer to Question 2 Many persons( 210,000 persons) escaped to the neighboring countries.,40,III. Comprehension Questions,Para 4. Question 1 In Asia, which country is the largest refugee caseload of concern to UNHCR? What did UNHCR attempt to do in Afghan area? Answer to Question 1 To attempt to encourage repatriation and reduce further outflows by intensifying its activities in safer areas,41,III. Comprehension Questions,Question 2 What was the major obstacle to rehabilitation and return? Answer to question 2 The presence of indiscriminately sown land mines Key words: impediment / rehabilitation/ indiscriminately,42,III. Comprehension Questions,Question 3 What caused Turkish Kurd refugees suffered further displacement and uncertainty? Answer to Question 3 Because of the military operation between Turkish and suspected Kurd militants.,43,III. Comprehension Questions,Question 4 Which country is the largest asylum country in Asia? Answer -Iran Question 5 What was the situation of Sri Lankan Tamil refugees from southern India? Answer Key word: ebb and flow,44,III. Comprehension Questions,Para 6 Question 1 Were Haitians taken to the high seas willing to return to Haiti? Answer to question 1 Involuntarily in many cases Key words: plight/ high seas / reinstatement /,45,III. Comprehension Questions,Question 2 Why did the repatriation of Guatemalan refugees in Mexico go prudently? Answer to Question 2 The deliberate killing of returnees by paramilitary groups increased the wariness of potential returnees potential returnees.,46,III. Comprehension Questions,Para 6. Question 3 Would women threatened with sexual violence be granted asylum under the guidelines issued by the U.S? In what way will the new guideline help asylum officers? Answer to Question 3 Key words: criteria/ gender-based discrimination,47,IV. Sentence Comprehension,48,Sentence 2,49,Sentence 3,In former Yugoslavia aggressors and victims changed roles as the war increased the displaced-person population. Paraphrase or translation,50,Sentence 4,51,Sentence 5,As Afghanistan remained divided into regions of relative peace and ongoing combat, UNHCR attempted to encourage repatriation and reduce further outflows by intensifying its activities in safer areas within the country.,52,Sentence 6,53,Sentence 7,The new guidelines did not change the criteria needed or refugee status but rather educated asylum officers about gender-based discrimination and provided them with procedures and methods for evaluating refugee standards for individual claims.,54,V. Assignments,55,Assignmen