2019高中英语刷题首选卷基础练能力练Unit1GreatscientistsSectionⅣLearningaboutLanguage.docx

Section Learning about Language & Using Language对应学生用书P9基础题.单词拼写1A new expressway is under c_ between the two cities.答案：construction2We made a great c_ to protecting our environment.答案：contribution3We set off f_ to celebrate the New Year.答案：fireworks4Though he is poor, he has a p_ attitude towards life.答案：positive52017天津高考In the years of my growing up, Dad was s_ with me.答案：strict6Do you know when the _ (宇宙) came into being?答案：universe7He _ (反对) the theory that the earth is round at that time.答案：rejected8We should be _ (谨慎的) about giving our personal information to strangers.答案：cautious9His friends were _(热情的) and encouraged him to dance in public.答案：enthusiastic10She grabbed Jims arm and _ (使旋转) him around to face her.答案：spun.选词填空apart from; contribute . to .; make sense; lead to; be strict with; be cautious about; come to an end; under construction; take in; wear out1There is a new bridge _ near our village.答案：under construction22017江苏高考Located where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will _ more _ the Belt and Road construction.答案：contribute; to3_ these two books, he has written some plays and film scripts (剧本)答案：Apart from4Dont be _ by his charmhe is ruthless.答案：taken in 5I was _ after a day of shopping with my friend Lily.答案：worn out6I may not agree with all that he said, but I would say 80% of what he said _.答案：makes sense7We have to wait until the discussion between them _.答案：comes to an end8Please follow me. This is the entrance that _ the hall.答案：leads to9My teacher will _ me from now on.答案：be strict with10She _ committing herself to anything.答案：is cautious about.单句语法填空1The computer center，_ (open) last year, is very popular among the students in this school.答案：openedopen和the computer center之间构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。2The scientists are working _ seeking new methods of killing the cancer cells.答案：on句意：科学家们正致力于寻找新的杀死癌细胞的方法。work on “致力于”，为固定搭配。3The discovery of the new evidence led to the thief _ (catch)答案：being caughtlead to “导致”，该词组中to为介词，后面要跟名词或动词ing形式。小偷是被抓，应该用动词ing形式的被动式。4My teacher made a great contribution to _ (teach) us to be good and helpful to others.答案：teachingmake a contribution to “为做贡献”，其中to为介词，后接名词或动名词。5The students were sitting in the classroom with their eyes _(fix) on the teachers.答案：fixed此处是with复合结构。their eyes和fix之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词形式作宾补。6They turned a deaf ear to our demands, _ made us angry.答案：whichwhich引导非限制性定语从句，且指代前面整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语。7I find _ really hard to work with such an impatient person.答案：it此处it作find的形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。8You will _ (take) in if you believe what the strangers said without thinking.答案：be taken句意：如果你不加思考就相信陌生人所说的话，你就会被骗。主语you和动词短语take in之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。take in “欺骗”。9Are you interested in the _ (move) of the other planets?答案：movements由介词in和定冠词the可知此处应填名词形式，由planets可知应用名词复数形式。10Only when the war was over in 1945_ he return to his hometown.答案：did“only状语从句”位于句首时，主句采用部分倒装语序，根据从句中的时间状语可知，主句应用一般过去时，故填助动词did。.单句改错1It makes the sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control._答案：去掉第一个the2With the homework finish, the children went home happily._答案：finishfinished3Only if did you put the word in the sentence did the use of the other words make sense._答案：去掉第一个did4If you make your child responsible to these bills, he will learn to budget for necessary expenditures._答案：第一个tofor5Plenty of fresh air contribute to good health._答案：contributecontributes6Only by working hard you be able to get the position in that company._答案：hard后加will或can7The man is always strict in his son even if his son is not a child._答案：inwith8Not everyone in our company is positive to this new suggestion._答案：toabout9He has locked the door that lead to the garden._答案：leadleads10Cholera is a dead disease and many people died of it in the past._答案：deaddeadly.完成句子1This will probably _ trouble in the future.这很可能将导致日后的麻烦。答案：lead to2We _ our work.我们应该严格对待工作。答案：should be strict in3Only if people of all the countries are united _ the existing problems in the world.只有世界各国人民联合起来，我们才能解决世界上目前存在的问题。答案：can we solve/will we be able to solve4The teacher entered the classroom, _.老师走进教室，手里拿着一本书。答案：with a book in his/her hand5I would _， but I was too busy at that time.我本想去帮助你，但是我那时太忙了。答案：have helped you能力题.阅读理解One time a young man, who hoped to study law, wrote to Lincoln for advice, and Lincoln replied, “If you are resolutely determined to make a lawyer of yourself, the thing is more than half done already . Always bear in mind that your own resolution to succeed is more important than any other one thing.”Lincoln knew. He had gone through it all. He had never, in his entire life, had more than a total of one years schooling. And books? Lincoln once said he had walked to borrow every book within fifty miles of his home. A fire was usually kept going all night in the small house and he read by the light of it.He walked twenty or thirty miles to hear a speaker and, returning home, he practiced his talks everywherein the fields, in the woods, before the crowds. He joined several societies and practiced speaking on the topics of the day.A lack of confidence always troubled him. In the presence of women he was shy and dumb. Even when he was in love with Mary Todd, he used to sit there, nervous and silent, unable to find words, listening while she did the talking. Yet that was the man who, by practice and home study, made himself into the speaker who debated with the famous speaker Douglas! That was the man who, in the Gettysburg Address, rose to the heights of eloquence (雄辩) that have seldom been achieved in all of human history.Small wonder that, speaking of his own great barriers and painful struggle, he wrote, “If you are resolutely determined to make a lawyer of yourself, the thing is more than half done already.”1What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?AEarning a fortune. BMaking a living.CAsking for advice. DBecoming a lawyer.答案：D指代判断题。根据第一段中林肯的话“If you are resolutely determined to make a lawyer of yourself, the thing is more than half done already”并结合年轻人就学法律来咨询林肯这一内容可推知，林肯之前有做律师的经历，并且他为成为律师付出了很大的努力。2What is the key point of the fourth paragraph?ALincolns courage. BLincolns position.CLincolns progress. DLincolns eloquence.答案：C段落大意题。根据第四段的内容可知，林肯从一个缺乏自信、异常害羞的人到最终成为整个人类历史上少有的雄辩的演说家。第四段主要叙述了这样的巨大变化，即林肯的进步，故选C。3What is the most vital spirit reflected in Lincolns story above?ABelieving in oneself.BKeeping on practicing hard.COvercoming difficulties.DSticking to ones determination.答案：D推理判断题。根据第一段和最后一段的呼应，以及这两段中的关键词“resolutely determined”可推知，林肯的故事所反映出的最重要的精神是坚持自己的决心，故选D。.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Reading comprehension skills are very important. _1_ No matter what you enjoy reading, you may be interested in improving your reading comprehension skills._2_ When you read slowly and carefully, it becomes easier to remember, comprehend, and process the content of what you are reading. People who are in the habit of reading very quickly tend to skip over entire chunks of their reading material. When you skip over some sentences, this can interfere (妨碍) with your overall comprehension.Read the most difficult sections more than once. If a particular paragraph or sentence of an article or book is difficult to understand, take the time to read this troublesome section twice or more. _3_After reading two or three pages of a book or long article, give yourself an informal reading comprehension quiz. _4_ For instance, if you are reading a novel, sum up the major plot points of the past three pages. You may even want to write down these plot points as brief bullet points in a notebook. _5_ If your mind tends to wander, or if you feel easily distracted during reading, you may have already realized that this tendency can interfere with your overall reading comprehension. Whenever you feel your mind starting to wander, gently redirect yourself back to focusing on the text in front of you. ASlow down your reading speed.BConcentrate on what you are reading.CThey help you in many different areas of life.DStop once for a while to check whether your prediction is right or wrong.ETry to summarize in writing exactly what is told in the two to three pages you just read.FIt is necessary to find out the outline of a book or article to reach overall comprehension.GWhen you feel like the meaning of that section is really “sinking in”， you truly understand it.1CC项中的“They”指代上句中的“Reading comprehension skills”，进一步说明阅读理解技能的重要性，故C项“它们在生活中的许多不同方面都对你有帮助”符合语境。2A本段通过慢速仔细阅读有利于理解和快速略读影响整体理解正反两个方面来说明降低阅读速度以达到全面理解的重要性，所以选A项“降低你的阅读速度”。设空处下一句中的“read slowly”与A项中的“Slow down”相照应。3G本空承接上一句说明再次或多次阅读达到什么样的程度才算真正的理解，所以选G项“当你觉得这部分的含义真的被充分领会的时候，你就真正地理解了”。4E根据设空后内容可知，此处主要讲的是要做读后总结。故E项“努力准确地总结并写出你刚读过的两三页内容”符合语境。5B根据后文的“If your mind tends to wander .”和“Whenever you feel your mind starting to wander .”可知，该段主要提出了阅读中注意力不集中的现象并给出了应对办法，即“redirect yourself back to focusing on the text”，故本段的主旨为专注于你所读的内容。故选B项。.语法填空Traditional Chinese wedding customs have been around for thousands of years. They may vary from place to place and time to time, but have been holding an important position in the lives of Chinese people, _1_ (cause) a farreaching impact on the way the Chinese lead their lives. The traditional Chinese marriage usually _2_ (involve) some necessary procedures, such as matchmaking, engagement, meeting the bride, and three bows. _3_ addition, a typical Chinese wedding nowadays goes like thiswhen a new couple is engaged, _4_ follows is a _5_ (choose) of the date of their marriage.Most people would favor a holiday or special Chinese festiv