2019届高中英语能力练Unit3AhealthylifeSectionⅠPre_reading.docx

Unit 3A healthy lifeSection Prereading (Warming Up & Reading)对应学生用书P25基础题单词拼写1Suddenly the doors opened _ (自动地) as we approached.答案：automatically2He _ (停止) smoking, and talked something to the person next to him.答案：quit3(2017北京高考)One idea is that sleep helps us _ (加强) new memories.答案：strengthen4The problem of drug _ (滥用) should be paid more attention to.答案：abuse5I felt very _ (惭愧的) of his rude behavior that night.答案：ashamed6I am a_ to taking a walk after supper.答案：accustomed7After the accident, he was b_ from driving alone.答案：banned8Having lost the game, the football player went home, exhausted and d_.答案：disappointed9People under s_ tend to achieve their full potential.答案：stress10In the long run, working regularly has a good e_ on our health.答案：effect单句语法填空1_ (addict) to cigarettes, he cant give them up.答案：Addicted2As he becomes older, he has become accustomed to _ (support) by his son.答案：being supported3Mary was _ (disappoint) that most of the guests had left when she arrived at the party.答案：disappointed4(2017全国卷)I had grown not only physically, but also _ (mental) in the past few years.答案：mentally5We all agreed on an idea to _ (strength) the cooperation between our two Parties.答案：strengthen6To my excitement, my new job is much less _ (stress)答案：stressful能力题阅读理解The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and the environment. These findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.David Tilman, a professor of ecology at the University of Minnesota, America, examined information from 100 countries to identify what people ate and how a diet affected health. He noted a movement beginning in the 1960s. He found that as nations industrialized (工业化), population increased and earnings rose, more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.The Western diet is high in sugar, fat, oil and meat. By eating theses foods, people began to get fatter and sicker. David Tilman says overweight people are at greater riskof noninfectious diseases like diabetes (糖尿病) and heart disease.Unfortunately when people become industrialized, if they adopt this Western diet, they are going to have these health problems, especially in developing countries in Asia. China is an example where the number of diabetes cases has been jumping from lessthan one percent to 10 percent of the population as they began to industrialize over a 20year period. And that is happening all across the world, in Mexico, in Nigeria and so on.And, a diet bad for human beings is also bad for the environment. As the worlds population grows, more forests and tropical (热带的) areas will become farmlands for crops or grasslands for cattle. We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the future from agriculture than that coming out of all forms of transportation right now.Mr Tilman calls the link between the diet, the environment and human health, “a trilemma”a problem offering a difficult choice. He says one possible solution is leaving the Western diet behind.1We can infer from the passage that _.ANigeria has the largest number of diabetes casesBoverweight people are at higher risk of infectious diseasesCthe examined information comes from developing countriesDindustrialization contributes to the spread of the Western diet答案：D推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句可推知，工业化、人口增长和收入增加造成了西方饮食的传播。故D项正确。2According to the passage, more greenhouse gas might be given off in the future from _.Atransportation Bdeveloping countriesCagriculture Ddeveloped countries答案：C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可知，未来更多的温室气体排放可能来自于农业。故选择C项。3David Tilman believes that _.Athe diet, the environment and human health are closely connectedBthe Western diet is the only choice as the nation industrializesCpeople in tropical areas are more likely to have heart diseaseDtraditional diets are more balanced than the Western diet答案：A推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句可知，蒂尔曼先生把日常饮食、环境和人的健康之间的联系称为“三难困境”。由此可知，它们三个是紧密相关的。故选择A项。4The main purpose of the passage is to _.Acall on us to protect the environmentBwarn us of the danger of the Western dietCremind us of the importance of healthDadvise us to have a balanced diet答案：B推理判断题。综合全文，尤其是根据文章最后一段的最后一句可知，西方饮食有害健康，不利于环境，故作者是想通过该文让人们警惕西方饮食带来的危害。1identify v. 发现；认出2adopt v. 采取，采用1at risk of 冒的危险2less than 少于完形填空I had just started my second year studying at Cambridge University when I was faced with the news I had never expected. A lump in my neck _1_ out to be cancer. I would _2_ six months of chemotherapy (化疗) After the shock, I was struck by this thought: My _3_ didnt have any room for cancer. I had so much I wanted to _4_ and so many goals I wanted to chase. I was faced with the _5_ job of telling my friends and family. Then, I had to decide whether to _6_ in Cambridge and take five exams at the end of the year. My doctor _7_ me against it, and so did my parents and teachers. My doctors and teachers convinced me that taking some time off to _8_ and relax would be the best thing for me. I could not think of anything _9_. I did not want to _10_ a year of my life, receiving pity from those around me. Together with my parents, I tried to persuade the university to _11_ me to stay at Cambridge and study only half the course. At the end of the year I would take two exams. It was really a _12_ to persuade them to agree. Treatment began and I was up and down from Cambridge to London every other week. It made me feel _13_， but to a much lesser degree than I had expected. I was _14_ to read, eat and socialise exactly as I used to. I slept a lot and rested a lot, but I also worked hard at my studies. It gave me focus, and it also gave me purpose. Completing my _15_ at the end of the term felt like a great personal victory. I took a _16_ to continue studying while undergoing treatment, but it _17_. I was successful in my examsand more _18_， I made a full recovery. Every person facing a disease like cancer must make the _19_ that are right for them. I am _20_ that I made the decision that was right for me.1A.stuck Bcame Cturned Dworked答案：C从上文中的“I was faced with the news I had never expected”可知，作者脖子里的肿块被诊断为癌症，这个结果出乎他的意料。turn out to be . 是固定搭配，意为“结果是”。2A.require Bexpect Csense Darrange答案：A根据常理，得了癌症就需要进行化疗。require意为“需要；要求”，符合语境。3A.body Bmemories Cfamily Ddreams答案：D根据下文“I had so much I wanted to _4_ and so many goals I wanted to chase.”可知，作者还有很多目标没有实现，因此他的梦想(dreams)没有空间留给癌症。4A.face Bachieve Cshow Dunderstand答案：B句意：我有这么多东西要实现，我有那么多目标想要追求。此处表示作者的生活目标和人生抱负。achieve意为“实现；取得；获得”，符合语境。5A.necessary Btemporary Cdifficult Ddisappointing答案：C根据上文可知作者得了癌症，而要把这个坏消息告诉朋友和家人是一件困难的(difficult)事。6A.join Btreat Csettle Dcontinue答案：D从第一段中的“I had just started my second year studying at Cambridge University”可知，作者正在上学，而这个时候被诊断得了癌症，因此作者不得不决定是否继续(continue)在剑桥大学的学习。7A.fought Badvised Cacted Ddecided答案：B根据上下文可知，决定是作者自己做的，因此作者的主治医生只是提建议(反对“我”继续上学)。advise意为“建议”，符合语境。8A.recover Bexercise Cstudy Dplay答案：A根据空格前“taking some time off”和空格后“relax”可知，休息一段时间来康复和放松对作者很有好处。recover意为“恢复；康复”，符合语境。9A.better Bworse Cmore Dless答案：B由后一句可知，作者不想放弃学业，因此不能想出比这更糟糕的事情了。10A.save Bspend Ctake Dmiss答案：D根据上文可知，作者的医生、父母和老师们都建议作者休息治疗，这样一来，作者就会错过一年的学习时间。miss意为“错过”，符合语境。11A.help Bremind Callow Dinvite答案：C根据上文可知，为了不错过一年的学习时间，作者试图说服学校让他只学一半的课程。allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”。12A.struggle Bfailure Cburden Dtrouble答案：A句意：说服他们同意真是一件难事。struggle意为“难事”，是可数名词，常用于“It is a struggle for sb. to do sth.”句型中。trouble作不可数名词时，意为“麻烦”；作可数名词时，意为“问题；烦恼”。13A.tired Brelaxed Cconfident Dnervous答案：A由上下文可知，作者开始边治疗边上学，这确实让作者感到很累(tired)。14A.afraid Bready Cable Deager答案：C治疗和上学同时进行虽然很累，但比作者预想的要好，所以他还能够像过去那样读书、吃饭、交朋友。be able to do sth.意为“能够做某事”。15A.purpose Bprojects Ctreatment Dexams答案：D根据空格后的“at the end of the term”可知，到了学期末，肯定是要参加考试(exams)。16A.rest Brisk Cprivilege Djob答案：B由空格后的转折词but以及下一句句意可知，此处是说边学习边治疗是很冒险的做法。take a risk意为“冒险”。17A.ended up Bpassed on Cpaid off Dbroke out答案：C根据下文“I was successful in my examsand more _18_， I made a full recovery.”可知，作者冒险边学习边治疗，却得到了不错的结果：考试也成功了，身体也康复了。pay off意为“取得成功；得到好的结果”。18A.clearly Binterestingly Cspecifically Dimportantly答案：Dmore importantly意为“更重要的是”。此处是将“身体康复”和“考试成功”比较，前者更重要。19A.choices Bchanges Cefforts Dchances答案：A根据上文可知，面对着像癌症这样的疾病时，作者的医生、家人和老师都给出了他们的建议，而他却做出了适合自己的选择。make a choice/choices意为“做选择”。20A.surprised Bexcited Cdetermined Dproud答案：D根据上文的“I was successful in my exams”和“I made a full recovery”可知，作者很自豪自己做出了适合自己的选择。proud意为“骄傲的；自豪的”，符合语境。短文改错(2018福州四校高三年级联考)When I was young, I lived in the countryside. At that time, the trees there were very green, that left a deep impression on me and the water there was so much clear that I even could see the fish swimming. When it gets dark, the air was cooler than it in the daytime. People liked to walk out their houses to chat together. I liked to play games with my friends but ran along the village happily. As