体会高考阅读理解之文章结构与主旨标题.doc

体会高考阅读理解之文章结构与主旨标题I. 阅读 - 2、3、4、5 把握2个意图 - 作者的意图和命题人得意图 心存3个理解 - 理解文章，理解题目，理解选项。 抓住4类题目 - 主旨与标题，生词猜测，隐含推断，细节把握。 掌握5种结构 - 正三角形（ ），倒三角形（ ），棱形（），沙漏形（ ），矩形（ ）。IIPassage Tree (1)Scientific experiments can sometimes go wrong and when they do the resultsmayrangefromthe disastrous to the troubling. One such experiment took place in South America about fifty years ago. Whether its final consequences will cause serious damage or nothing more than a small trouble still remains to be seen. The story began in 1956 when an American scientist working in Brazil decided to solve theproblemof increasing the productivity of that countrys bees. He imported a very active type of African bee from Tanzania and mated (交配) it with the more easy-going native variety to produce a new kind of bees. The new bees worked harder and produced twice as much honey. It seemed that Professor Kerr, for that was the scientists name, had a total success onhishands. Then things began to go wrong. For some reason as yet unseen, but perhaps as a result of something in their environment, the new bees began to develop extremely attacking personalities. They became bad-tempered and easy to be angry, attacked the native bees and drove themfromtheir living places. But worse was to follow. Having taken over the countryside, the new bees, with their dangerous stings (叮) , began to attack its neighbours - cats, dogs, horses, chickens and finally man himself. A long period of terror began that has so far killed agreatnumber of animals and about 150 human beings. This would have been bad enough if the bees had stayed in Brazil. But now they are on the move, heading northwards in countless millions towards Central and North America, and moving at the alarming speed of 200 miles a year. The countries that lie in their path are naturally worried because it looks as if nothing can be done to stop them.56. The results of the South American experiment . A. have caused a serious trouble B. have proved to be wrong C. are not yet certain D. are not important(2) The Marches were a happy family. Poverty, hard work, and even the fact that Father March was away with the Union armies could not down the spirits of Meg, Jo, Amy, and Marmee, as the March girls called their mother. The March sisters tried to be good but had their share of faults. Pretty Meg was often displeased with the schoolchildren she taught; boyish Jo was easy to become angry; golden-haired schoolgirl Amy liked to show up; but Beth, who kept the house, was loving and gentle always. The happy days passed and darkness came when a telegram arrived for Mrs. March. “Your husband is very ill,” it said, “come at once.” The girl tried to be brave when their mother left for the front. They waited and prayed. Little Beth got scarlet fever (猩红热) when she was taking care of the sick neighbor. She became very ill but began to recover by the time Marmee was back. When Father came home from the front and at that joyful Christmas dinner they were once more all together. Three years later the March girls had grown into young womanhood. Meg became Mrs. Brooke, and after a few family troubles got used to her new state happily. Jo had found pleasure in her literary efforts. Amy had grown into a young lady with a talent fordesignand an even greater one for society. But Beth had never fully regained her health, and her family watched her with love and anxiety. Amy was asked to go and stay in Europe with a relative of the Marches. Jo went to New York and became successful in her writing and had the satisfaction of seeing her work published there. But at home the bitterest blow was yet to fall. Beth had known for some time that she couldnt live much longer to be with the family and in thespringtime she died. News came from Europe that Amy and Laurie, the grandson of a wealthy neighbor, had planned to be married soon. Now Jo became ever more successful in her writing and got married to Professor Bhaer and soon afterwards founded a school for boys. And so the little women had grown up and lived happily with their children, enjoying the harvest of love and goodness that they had devoted all their lives to.58. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. The march Family B. The March Parents C. The March Girls D. The March Relatives(3)Few periods in history are as exciting as the time when the Vikings (北欧海盗)were knownand sometimes fearedthroughout Scandinavia , the British Isles, Russia , all the Meditierranean , Africa and even America .Frjel is a family-based society , which aims to relive and describe the Vikings from a harborFrjel , on the Swedish island of Gotland , Frjel was one of the richest trading centers in the Viking world .The members of the society aim to recreate the clothing , weapons , tools , jewellery , games , food and furniture of that long-gone period .They want to enjoy an escape to a simpler , more relaxed time , with like-minded people . They will also use the items they have made to relive that age at various public entertainments .66The best title for Advertisement II would be .AThe Vikings BReliving of the Vikings CFrjel DA Viking Reliving Society(4)DearHamilton, We are fortunate that in such a large, high-pressure office we all get along sowell. You are one of the people who keep the social temperature at such a comfortable setting. I dont know anyone in the office who is better liked than you. You can perhaps help with this. The collection ofcontributionstowards gifts for employees personal-life events is becoming a little troubling. Certainly, the group sending of a gift is reasonable now and then. In the past month, however, there have been collections for two baby shower gifts, one wedding shower gift, two wedding gifts, one funeral（葬礼）remembrance, four birthday gifts, and three graduation gifts. Its notonlythe collected-from who are growing uncomfortable (and poor), but the collected-for feel uneasy receiving gifts from people who dont know them outside the office, who wouldnt even recognize their graduating children, their marrying daughters and sons, or their dead relatives. This is basically a kind gesture (and one that people thinkwellof you for), but the practice seems to have become too wide-ranging and feels improper in todays office setting. Thank you for understanding.65. This is basically a letter of _.A. apology B. sympathyC. appreciation D. dissatisfaction(5) The small number of newborn babies, which has been caused by high prices and the changing social situation of women, is one of the most serious problems in Asia. When people talk about it, you can hear a word invented in Japan “DINKS”, which means Double Income No Kids. In many major Asian cities like Seoul, Singapore, and Tokyo, the cost of a house is extremely high. A young couple who want to buy their own house may have to pay about $300,000(though prices have fallen). For a flat with one bedroom, one dining-room, a kitchen, and a bathroom, the couple will pay about $900 a month. Whats more, if they want to have a child, the childs education is very expensive. For example, most kindergarten charges are at least $5,000 a year. In such a situation, its difficult to afford children. The number of married women who want to continue working increases rapidly because they enjoy their jobs. However, if they want to have children, they immediately have serious problems. Though most companies allow women to leave their jobs for a short time to have a baby, they expect women with babies to give up their jobs. In short, if they want to bring up children properly, both parents have to work, but it is hard for mothers to work. Indeed, women who want to continue working have to choose between having children and keeping their jobs.In a word, Asian governments must take steps to improve the present situation as soon as possible.57. What is the main problem being discussed in the passage? A. The small number of newborn babies.B. The changing social situaion of women C. The high prices of houses and education. D. The necessary steps of Asian governments(6) Some people will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. Take my familys last vacation. It was my six-year-old sons winter break form school, and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day. I had meetings in New York，So I had to get back. But that didnt mean my husband and my son couldnt stay. I took my nine-month-old and took off for home. The next day, my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight. Yes, I encouragedokay, orderedthem to wait it out at the airport, to earn more Delta Dollars. Our total take: $1,600. Not bad, huh? Now some people may think Im a b