2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit3Amazingpeople讲义牛津译林版.docx

Unit 3 Amazing people(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1Egyptian adj.埃及的，埃及人的2widespread adj. 广泛的，普遍的3female n& adj. 女性(的)4data n(pl.) 数据；资料5connection n. 联系6rocket n. 火箭7status n. 地位，身份8superior n.adj.纵联1 上级，上司更好的，更高的.重点单词写其形1swallow vt.& vi. 吞下，吞咽2preserve vt. 保存，保护，保持3entrance n纵联2 入口4content n. 纵联3 内容5death n. 死亡6shortly adv. 不久，很快7coincidence n. 巧合，碰巧8disturb vt. 打扰，扰乱9labour n& vi. 劳动，努力工作10signal n. 信号vi.& vt. 发信号；表明11native adj. 本地的；本国的12outgoing adj.纵联4 爱交际的；友好的；外向的13companion n. 伴侣；陪伴14desire n. 愿望，欲望，渴望vt. 期望，渴望15candidate n. 候选人；申请人16quality n. 品质；质量17optimistic adj. 乐观的，抱乐观看法的18indeed adv. 的确，确实.拓展单词通其变1curious adj.好奇的，求知欲强的curiously adv.好奇地curiosity n好奇(心)2fortune n大笔的钱，财富；运气fortunate adj.幸运的fortunately adv.幸运地unfortunately adv.不幸地3scientific adj.科学的science n科学scientist n科学家4breathe vi.& vt.呼吸breath n呼吸5requirement n要求，规定require v要求6inspire vt.启迪，赋予灵感；激励，鼓舞inspired adj.受到启发的inspiring adj.令人振奋的inspiration n灵感；激励7discourage vt.使灰心；劝阻discouragement n沮丧，使人泄气的事；劝阻courage n勇气encourage v鼓励encouragement n鼓励8devotion n奉献；忠诚；专心devote vt.献出，付出；专心于devoted adj.挚爱的；忠诚的9organization n组织；机构organize v组织organizer n组织者10explorer n探险家；勘探者explore vt.探测；勘探exploration n探测11various adj.各种各样的variety n种种；多样化vary v变化12apply vi.申请 vt.使用，应用application n申请applicant n申请人纵联1.“to”表比较背背看be superior to优于，好于be inferior to劣于，次于be senior to比年长 be junior to比年幼be prior to在之前纵联2.牢记后接to的名词搭配the entrance to the hall the exit to the cinemathe answer to the question the key to the doorthe approach to learning English纵联3.“单数复数”意甚远content含量contents目录 art艺术arts文科arm手臂arms武器 brain脑袋brains脑力custom风俗customs海关 paper纸papers文件work工作works作品 force力量forces军队纵联4.“性格”表达万花筒optimistic乐观的 pessimistic悲观的outgoing外向的 easygoing随和的gentle温和的 stubborn固执的单元话题杰出人物子话题1外貌特征plain adj. 朴素的；简单的elegant adj. 优雅的，漂亮的pale adj. 苍白的，灰白的gentle and graceful 窈窕indifferent adj. 漠不关心的tense adj. 紧张的desperate adj. 绝望的blank adj. 茫然无表情的子话题2内在品质virtue n. 美德，品行reliable adj. 可信赖的，可依靠的modest adj. 谦虚的；谦逊的sensitive adj. 敏感的thoughtful/considerate adj. 考虑周到的intelligence n. 智力，才智，智慧distinction n. 优秀，卓越outstanding adj. 杰出的brilliant adj. 有才气的，技艺高的selfless adj. 无私的学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2018全国卷完形)The instructors called for an ambulance. Fortunately， after a brief stay in hospital, Ben was well enough to be allowed to leave and later the family met up for dinner. We chatted about everything and then Ben turned to me.“I just want to say thank you，” he said.“You saved my life！”I still cant believe what a coincidence it was. Im just so glad I was there in time to help my son.加黑词在本单元的同根名词是：fortune；反义词是unfortunately加黑词在此处意为：巧合的事， what a coincidence是一个感叹句。写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：content2(2017北京高考阅读D)A machine with a specific purpose has another quality， one that we usually associate with living things: a wish _ (preserve) its own existence. For the machine, this quality is not inborn, nor is it something introduced by humans; it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with its task.选择加黑词在句中的意思：_A_A技能B质量C品质用所给词的适当形式填空：to_preserve写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：deatha strong desire意为：强烈的愿望，have a strong desire to do sth.表示“迫切地想做某事”。高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2018全国卷书面表达)看短片期间，希望大家不会被打扰，保持安静，并认真观看。(desire, disturb)During_the_movie,_it_is_desired_that_all_of_you_not_be_disturbed,_keep_quiet_and_watch_the_movie_carefully.2(2017天津高考书面表达)同时，我花了很多时间来了解各种赛事。 (various)In_the_meantime,_I_devoted_much_time_to_knowing_about_the_various_events.3(2016全国卷书面表达)以下是具体细节和要求。首先，你拍摄的照片应该与本次展览的主题环境保护有关。(requirement)Here_are_the_details_and_requirements.To_begin_with,_the_pictures_you_take_should_be_connected_with_the_theme_of_the_exhibition_which_is_environmental_protection. (二)课堂重点释疑1curious adj.好奇的，求知欲强的；奇特的记牢(1)be curious about对感到好奇be curious to do sth. 渴望做某事(2)curiosity n. 好奇；好奇心with curiosity 好奇地out of curiosity 出于好奇(3)curiously adv. 好奇地练通单句语法填空In high school, I was curious about the computer, and built my first website.To satisfy childrens curiosity (curious), wed better answer their questions patiently.Suddenly the girl calmed down and began looking all around with curiosity.Out of curiosity, the girl cant wait to open the box.单句改错Curious enough, the same thing happened again a year later.CuriousCuriously句型转换I was curious to find out what was inside, so I unfolded the tiny note and recognized my fathers penciled writing.Curious to find out what was inside, I unfolded the tiny note and recognized my fathers penciled writing.写美(2018天津高考书面表达)另外，这场竞赛将充当一个平台，以发掘你的好奇心和发挥你的创造性潜力。Whats_more,_the_competition_will_serve_as_a_platform_to_explore_your_curiosity_and_bring_into_play_your_creative_potential.2fortune nC大笔的钱，财富；U运气记牢(1)make a/ones fortune发财try ones fortune 碰运气(2)fortunatelucky adj. 幸运的；侥幸的be fortunate to do sth. 有幸做某事(3)fortunatelyluckily adv. 幸运地unfortunatelyunluckily adv. 不幸地(4)misfortune n. 不幸练通单句语法填空At the age of four, she fell into an icy river and was fortunately (fortune) rescued by some local villagers.My cousin was fortunate to_find (find) a job as soon as she graduated from the university.Weve all heard stories of school dropouts who have made their/a fortune.(2017全国卷)He would laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyones misfortune (fortune)单句改错Many young people leave their hometown to try their fortunes in big cities.fortunesfortuneDetermined never to come back before he could make big fortune, Mike left home without saying a word.make后加a写美(2018全国卷书面表达)据说，在拜访中国家庭时，早早到达朋友家的这个传统会给主人带来好运和财富。The_tradition_of_arriving_at_your_friends_home_early_when_visiting_a_Chinese_family_is_said_to_bring_luck_and_fortune_to_the_host.3preserve vt.保存，保护，保持n.保护区记牢(1)preserve . from .保护免于be well/strictly preserved 被很好/严格地保存(2)preservation n. 维护；保护；保养in good preservation 处于良好的保存状态练通单句语法填空Our suggestions are that these traditional customs (should)_be_preserved (preserve) and handed down one generation after another.As we all know, the police are responsible for the preservation (preserve) of law and order.They were determined to preserve their students from harm.完成句子The old building is in_good_preservation. 这栋旧建筑保存得很好。In this nature_preserve,_all the rare plants are_well_preserved.在这个自然保护区，所有珍稀植物都保存完好。用准preserve与reserve词形相近，但reserve意为“保留；预订”。写美(2018全国卷书面表达)我们学校的体育场是五年前建成的，现在保存得很好。Our_school_stadium_was_established_five_years_ago,_which_is_well_preserved_now.4content n内容；复数容纳的东西；目录；单数含量 adj.满足的，满意的vt.使满足辨清写出下列句中content的词性和含义(2017全国卷)There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt.n.含量It is reported that more than half of those surveyed on the website say they are content with their current life.adj.满意的There is a table of contents in front of a dictionary.n.目录Will it content you if I let you have candies tomorrow？vt.使满足The contents of the letter are still secret until today. n内容记牢(1)be/feel content with .对满足/满意be content to do sth. 乐于做某事(2)content oneself with . 满足于练通完成句子Those who are_content_with/content_themselves_with their present situations will surely make no difference in life.那些满足于现状的人在生活中一定不会有大的作为。My parents are_content_to_live in the country, where the air is fresh and clean.我的父母乐于住在空气清新的乡下。写美(2018江苏高考书面表达)至少，排名可以帮助缩小备选品的范围，我们乐于根据排名选择产品。At_least_the_ratings_can_help_to_narrow_down_the_alternatives_and_were_content_to_choose_a_product_according_to_the_ratings.(2017全国卷书面表达)所有将要展出的作品都是原创的，内容丰富，形式多样。All_the_works_that_will_be_exhibited_are_original,_rich_in_content_and_diverse_in_form.5disturb vt.打扰，扰乱；使(某人)烦恼或不安记牢(1)It disturbs sb. to do sth. 做某事使某人不安be disturbed by 为感到不安；被打扰(2)disturbed adj. 感到不安的；心烦意乱的disturbing adj. 令人不安的，引起烦恼的练通单句语法填空Whenever a young child is frightened or disturbed (disturb), it typically rushes to his/her mother first.He had a novel and disturbing (disturb) experience last year.完成句子I was_rather_disturbed_by the way she educated her children.我对她教育孩子的方式感到十分不安。It_disturbed_her_to_realize that she was alone. 她意识到自己孤单一人，心里很不安。写美(2017天津高考书面表达)有更多的家庭作业和考试，我抽不出时间来从事我的业余爱好。所以我感到非常紧张和不安。With_more_homework_and_tests,_I_cant_spare_any_time_to_take_up_my_hobbies.So_I_feel_quite_stressed_and_disturbed.6inspire vt.启迪，赋予灵感；激励，鼓舞记牢(1)inspire sb. with sth. inspire sth. in sb.用某事激励某人inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事(2)inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的inspired adj. 受到鼓舞的；有灵感的(3)inspiration n. 鼓舞人心的人(或事物)；灵感练通单句语法填空The teacher inspires his students to_give (give) their opinions actively even if they are different from his own.Music can make you laugh, cry or shout.Its also a great source of inspiration (inspire)I was inspired (inspire) to make a donation to the organization after the dinner.单句改错The lecture was so inspired that they were all excited.inspiredinspiringThe teachers words inspired us study even harder.study前加to句型转换His encouraging remarks inspired confidence in me.His encouraging remarks inspired me with confidence.写美(2016北京高考书面表达)事实上，他激励我在大学里主修英语，以便成为连接中国和世界的桥梁纽带。In_fact,_he_inspired_me_to_major_in_English_in_college,_to_be_a_bridge_between_China_and_the_world.7discourage vt.使灰心；劝阻，阻止；使泄气记牢(1)discourage sb. from doing sth. 劝某人不要做某事；使某人失去做某事的信心(2)discouraging adj.令人泄气或沮丧的discouraged adj. (人)感到泄气或沮丧的(3)discouragement n劝阻；泄气；使人泄气的事；挫折，气馁练通用discourage的适当形式填空He thought it very discouraging that his wife showed so little interest in things which concerned him and valued so little his conversation.The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasnt discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.He refused to give up in spite of many discouragements in his career.完成句子In an effort to discourage_people_from_using_plastics,_scientists have been hard at work inventing alternative packaging products.为了劝阻人们使用塑料，科学家们一直在努力发明可替代的包装产品。写美(2018天津高考书面表达)苦于缺乏合格的成员，我们的团队正在寻找一些有能力的成员加入我们的团队。Discouraged_by_a_lack_of_qualified_members,_our_team_is_seeking_for_some_competent_members_to_join_our_team.8desire n渴望，欲望，愿望vt.渴望，期望；想要记牢(1)have a strong desire(2)desire to do sth.渴望做某事desire sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事desire that . (should) do sth. 渴望练通单句语法填空Those foreigners desire to_visit (visit) the Great Wall.He had a strong desire to carry out the discussion put forward in yesterdays meeting.Artificial intelligence may satisfy humans real desires (desire) one day.完成句子The young girl desires_her_parents_to_come_and_see_her from time to time.这个小女孩想要她的父母不时地来看她。He desired that I_(should)_go_abroad for further education.他渴望我到国外深造。用准desire不用于进行时态，后接宾语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”。此外，含desire的主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。写美(2018全国卷书面表达)我经常在业余时间和我的同学们打羽毛球，我真心希望你有一天能来我们学校，亲自体验体育锻炼。I_often_play_badminton_with_my_classmates_in_my_free_time_and_I_truly_desire_you_to_come_to_our_school_one_day_and_experience_the_physical_exercise_for_yourself.9apply vi.申请vt.使用，应用；涂抹，敷辨清写出下列句中apply的含义He is now applying the same techniques to white blood cells.应用，使用Interested in this international network, I am writing to apply for its membership. 申请The nurse applied the ointment to the wound.涂抹，敷记牢(1)apply . to .把运用到中；把涂到上apply to . 适应；适用于apply (to .) for . (向)申请apply oneself to 集中精力于(2)applicant n. 申请人application n. 申请；申请书；适用练通单句语法填空But the findings dont apply to energy burnt up by exercise.You will pass your exams if you really apply yourself to studying (study)You should attach a recent photograph to your application(apply) form.Successful applicants (apply) often have experience in customer service, inside sales, outside sales, or other customer facing positions.根据提示完成小片段When an idea occurred to him, he first applied_it_to (把它应用于) his work. He also applied_for_a_patent_(申请了一项专利) about it. Then he applied_himself_to (专心于) it and made necessary changes.写美(2018浙江高考书面表达)我是李华，我写信是想申请英语协会志愿者的职位。Im_Li_Hua,_and_Im_writing_to_apply_for_the_position_as_a_volunteer_of_the_English_Association.词汇过关综合训练.单词拼写1Children are always curious (好奇的) about everything they see and hear.2The government takes great pains to preserve (保护) cultural relics and historical sites.3His parents tried to discourage (使灰心) his interest in music, but he persisted.4Many people desire (期望) better working conditions and more education for their children.5The cost of various (各种各样的) repairs comes up to just a hundred pounds in total.6New technology is being applied (应用) to almost every industrial process.7The dog had such devotion (忠诚) to its master that it would not leave him, even when he was dead.8Im sorry to disturb (打扰) you so late, but my cars broken down and I am wondering if I can use your phone.9Dont chew the tablets before swallowing (吞咽), or you may throw them up.10To find out about entry requirements (要求) for students, write to the college admissions board.单句语法填空1The people gathered round, curious to_know (know) what was happening.2Dont be discouraged (discourage)Take things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.3The public desired that the result (should)_be_made (make) public.4Before, he was an extremely devoted (devotion) physician，who treated his work seriously and cared for patients very much.5Unfortunately (fortunate), that rickety old sled (雪橇) they used couldnt hold up and they crashed.6White Brown contented himself with a single glass of wine every dinner.7To my delight, I was chosen from hundreds of applicants (apply) to attend the opening ceremony.8He is a naughty boy and his classmates are often disturbed (disturb) by him in class.9His loving and selfless nature inspired me to_become (become) more sympathetic and considerate putting others first.10The paintings were in an excellent state of preservation (preserve), which are of great value to our study.单句改错1If the constitution said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply for her.forto2The little boy watched in curiosity as his mum opened the box.inwith3His speech is inspired and touched my heart. inspiredinspiring4Dont be so discouraging. If you put away such feelings, you will do better next time. discouragingdiscouraged5Short after that race I got it in my head that I could run a marathon.ShortShortly6It is everybodys desire that every effort is made to reduce the pollution.第二个isbe7After making fortune in business, he finished up poor at his death.making后加a8I am very disturbing by the complaints that have been made against you. disturbingdisturbed9The organization was set up to preserve endangered species to extinction. 第二个tofrom10Martina contented her with a bowl of soup.herherself.完成句子1He made_a_fortune (发财了) in the coal and iron business before he went into politics.2John seemed not to be_content_with_his_present_salary (满足于现在的薪水)3We discouraged_him_from_giving_up_the_job (劝他不要放弃那份工作), but he didnt want to.4In this way, they can better apply_theory_to_practice (把理论运用于实践)5Marie decided to follow her husband out_of_curiosity (出于好奇)(一)课前自主学习1come_across串记1(偶然)遇见；发现2result_in 导致，结果是3be_in_control_of_(sth.) 掌管，控制(某物) 4look_up_to串记2 敬佩5be_curious_about 对感到好奇6set_sail 启航7be_known_as串记3 作为而出名8as_well_as串记4 也，以及9in_connection_with 关于，与有关10pay_off 成功；带来好结果；得到回报11get_in_touch_with 与取得联系12come_into_use 使用13be_fit_for 适合14of_all_time 有史以来的15search_for 搜寻16go_down_in_history 载入史册17dream_of/about 梦想，想象18live_ones_dream 实现某人的梦想同根短语串记串记1.“across”短语点点兵come across 偶然遇到get across 使明白，使被了解cut across 走捷径run across 穿过，横过；碰到go across 穿过，通过串记2.“look”短语个个清look up to 尊敬，仰望look down on/upon 轻视，看不起look forward to 期盼，盼望look into 调查；往里看look through 浏览look around 环顾，环视四周串记3.探究“be knownprep.”短语be known as 作为而出名be known for 因而闻名be known to 为熟知be known by 被所知串记4.狂背“as .as”短语as well as也，和，以及 as far as至于；远至as long as只要 as soon as一就as much as和差不多 as good as和几乎一样1the preserved bodies of dead kings保存完好的国王尸体2make ones most amazing discovery of all 做出了某人最惊人的发现3look into the tomb 探查陵墓4to this day 直到今天5catch a high fever 发高烧6have a strong desire to do . 迫切想要做7enter the resting place of the dead 闯入亡灵安息地8learn survival skills 学习生存技巧9have something to do with . 与有关10die of heart trouble 死于心脏病1By_the_1920s,_he had_become_an explorer, searching for the tombs of the Egyptian kings. 到了20世纪20年代，他已经成为一名探险家，致力于寻找古埃及国王的陵墓。2He too visited the tomb, only_to_catch_a_high_fever the next day. 他也去了陵墓，结果第二天就发高烧了。3If_breathed_in,_they can result in illness or even death. 如果这些病毒被人体吸入，它们就可能导致疾病甚至死亡。4They not_only studied all the subjec