2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit10Money单元话题语篇训练（每单元3练）北师大版必修4.docx

Unit 10 Money课时练(一)阅读理解组块专练练速度(限时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2019陕西质检一)The electricity workers strike has been going on for three days. Below are some statements about the strike.Mr. Mike Smith：It wasnt an easy decision, but we have been asking for a reasonable wage for years. Now at last people are beginning to listen to us. Were only asking for a 25 percent increase in our wages. Its a pity so many people have to be inconvenienced by our strike, but please dont blame us. Blame the government for refusing our claim.Mr. Tom Brown：Its totally unreasonable to demand so much money when we are trying desperately to stop the prices going up. If wages go up, so do prices. If we give in to them, all the other unions would want more, with the inevitable result that the crisis (危机) would become uncontrollable. We offer them a 10 percent increase. And thats already too much. My stand on the strike is to persuade the Union to see the reason.Mr. Bob Davis：Everybody will be hurt by this strike, including the electricity workers themselves. The economy will be destroyed and many people will lose their jobs. Already people are saying that the big unions have too much power and shouldnt be allowed to strike. Of course the electricity workers want to get more money. Dont we all?Miss Stater：Lets face it. Its neither here nor there. The electricity workers are in a strong position. Perhaps we cant do anything about it. What I say is: let them have their 250 dollars so they can return to work. I mean, the government wastes the taxpayers money all the time on unimportant things. How can anyone say 250 dollars is “too much”？Pop singers get more. Nurses get less. Its just one of those things.语篇解读：本文介绍了四个人针对电力工人罢工陈述了不同的观点。1Who is most likely to be an employee in electricity industry?AMr. Mike Smith.BMr. Tom Brown.CMr. Bob Davis. DMiss Stater.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“Its a pity so many people have to be inconvenienced by our strike, but please dont blame us. Blame the government for refusing our claim”可知，Mike Smith先生认为，他们的罢工是因为政府拒绝他们的要求。据此可知，Mike Smith 先生很可能是电力工人，故A项正确。2The underlined word in Paragraph 3 most probably means “_”Aavoidable BinspiringCautomatic Dsensitive解析：选C词义猜测题。根据该句中的“If we give in to them, all the other unions would want more”可知， Tom Brown 先生认为，如果他们对工人让步，则其他的工会将会提出更多的要求；结合该句中的“with the inevitable result that the crisis (危机) would become uncontrollable”可知，这必然会导致危机变得不可控制。据此可以判断，画线词意为“必然发生的”与C项含义相近，故C项正确。3We can learn from the text that _.Athe electricity workers wont achieve their goalBthe government wont meet the workers demandCthe strike caused little trouble for the societyDthe workers got little support from the society解析：选D推理判断题。通读第三至四段可知， Tom Brown先生认为工资上涨势必导致物价上涨，故他们的工资上涨10%就已经很多了；Bob Davis先生认为，所有人在此次罢工中都会受到伤害，包括电力工人自己，而且工会权力太大，不应当批准罢工。据此可以判断，电力工人的要求几乎没有得到社会的支持，故D项正确。B(2019武汉市武昌区调研)When he looked at me, it was clear my father wasnt sure who I was. And as I looked back at him, I wasnt sure who he was, either.My father had just gone through heart surgery and 6 days in intensive care. Hed returned to the hospital where hed worked for 40 years. It was the hospital where all his children had been born. The doctors said that he may have a long period of confusion after the surgery. And because hes eightysix, it may be many months before he returns to normal. Its also possible he may never be “normal” again.I sat there in this hospital room, spoonfeeding the man Ive seen as powerful and capable all my life. It felt like the full circle of life had come around us. It felt good to support him, yet part of me wanted to tell him to be “normal” again. I wasnt sure if I was ready to accept the full meaning of it: that my father may never be that powerful and capable person again.Pain and suffering have visited my family, as they will visit all families. And while we hesitate to face pain and suffering, they have great lessons to teach us. Pain and suffering are well outside of the boundaries of our everyday life. When they come, they break these boundaries and turn our world upside down. We become a family with all of the others who have known the pain and suffering. And we have another chance to consider whats truly important in our lives. This crisis will pass, and well all be changed by it. The healing hands of time will do their work. Im thankful that Ive told my father everything Ive wanted to say to him. And Im thankful to have my family to lean on during this difficult time. Well all be challenged by this to show more support, care, and love.This is as it should be. Sometimes, it takes a crisis to remind us of why were all here.语篇解读：本文是一篇家庭生活类记叙文。在作者眼里，父亲一向都是强壮能干的，但是现在父亲年事已高，住院动了心脏手术后已经不认识作者了。作者感慨痛苦与苦难会让人变得更坚强，痛苦终将过去，家人是我们的依靠。4What do we know about the writers father from the passage?AHe will recover from his illness soon.BHe has been lying in bed for 40 years.CHe used to be a powerful and capable man.DHe didnt know the author after head surgery.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的 powerful and capable可知，在作者眼里，父亲以前是强壮能干的，所以选C。5How did the author feel when thinking of the pain and suffering his family had?AGrateful. BInspired.CExhausted. DSorrowful.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“And Im thankful to have my family to lean on during this difficult time”及文章最后一段可知，作者感恩困难时期家人的支持，从另外一方面讲，是痛苦和苦难让作者知道了生活的意义，所以选A。6What does the author probably agree with?ALife is more fragile than expected.BSomething nice weights light.CPain and suffering often go hand in hand.DWe should treat the old in an abnormal way.解析：选A推理判断题。文章讲述的是在作者眼里一直强壮能干的父亲，在做了心脏手术之后，认不出作者了。所以，作者可能认同这种观点：生活比预想的更脆弱。所以选A。7What does the author aim to express in this passage?APain and suffering are bound to pass.BPain and suffering bring us beneficial experiences.CWe cannot always avoid facing pain and suffering.DWe will not eventually be defeated by pain and suffering.解析：选B主旨大意题。文章是记叙文，作者首先讲述了父亲手术之后的情况，在最后两段里，作者感慨痛苦与苦难会让我们汲取教训，会给我们机会去思考生命中真正重要的是什么，并让我们认识到生活的意义。也就是说，痛苦与苦难会给我们一些有益的东西，所以选B。C(2019广西三市联考)The next generation of artificial intelligence (AI) may be sitting right beneath you, at least if furniture maker IKEA has any say in the matter. The Swedish furniture companys “futureliving” research lab in Copenhagen is conducting a survey to understand what people want when it comes to smart furniture.AI is now walking into more aspects of peoples daily lives. Selfdriving cars are just around the corner, and AI robots can play and beat the best players of strategy games. As smart home technologies have become more ubiquitous,_products ranging from smart electrical outlets (电源插座) to smart smoke alarms are flooding the market. Therefore, its not surprising that IKEA would be moving in the same direction.Exactly why people would want their sofa or bed frame to speak to them, track their daily movements or offer help is not yet clear. Though IKEAs new survey doesnt directly answer that question, it does provide a hint of what people would feel comfortable with. Most participants wanted a more humanlike form of virtual (虚拟的) assistants, as opposed to one that is more robotic. In terms of the ideal gender (性别) of the assistants, the most popular choice was neither male nor female. Few wanted a religious form of AI.Just as with human friends, most wanted AI friends that were like them, affirming their own world view. They wanted an AI assistant that was reasonably intelligent that could collect data to predict what a person wanted before he or she asked, and that could prevent someone from making mistakes.This is not the first time that IKEA has set foot in the field of futuristic technologies. In addition to wireless charging tables and chainless bikes that never rust (生锈), the furniture giant has also pictured smart kitchens that can cook the best meal. To decide on how intelligent you want your next sofa or bookshelf to be, you can take IKEAs survey online.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了瑞典家具公司IKEA涉足的智能家具的情况。随着科技的发展，人工智能产品层出不穷，IKEA公司就顾客对智能家具的期望做了调查。8What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in Paragraph 2 mean?ABeautiful. BCommon.CNormal. DEnvironmental.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据第二段第三句中的“products ranging from smart electrical outlets (电源插座) to smart smoke alarms are flooding the market”可知，从智能电源插座到智能烟雾警报器等各种智能产品充斥着市场。据此可以判断，智能家居产品已经变得更加普遍，画线词意为“十分普遍的”，故B项正确。9What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?AThe differences between robotlike and humanlike assistants.BWhat form of AI assistants people want.CWhat kind of friends people want.DThe popular robots on the market.解析：选B段落大意题。通读第三段可知，该段第三、四句“Most participants wanted a more humanlike form . neither male nor female”点明该段主题；据此可知，大多数参与者想要更人性化的人工智能助手，而不是呆板机械的机器人。故该段主要介绍了人们想要什么样的人工智能助手，故B项正确。10Most people who received the survey wanted an AI assistant that could _.Ahelp them become smarterBcommunicate with them without troublesChave its own world viewDdeal with their problems in advance解析：选D细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“They wanted an AI assistant that was reasonably intelligent . from making mistakes”可知，人们想要的是能预先帮助他们处理好问题的人工智能助手，故D项正确。11Which of the following products are from IKEA?ASmart sofas that can speak to you.BSmart beds that can track your daily movements.CWireless charging cars.DRustless bikes without chains.解析：选D细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，除了无线充电台和无链条的不生锈自行车以外，该家具巨头还设想了能烹饪美食的智能厨房。据此可知，D项正确。D(2019武汉市武昌区调研)Owning a dog is associated with a significantly lower risk of heart disease and death, according to a comprehensive new study published by a team of Swedish researchers on Friday in the journal Scientific Reports.The scientists followed 3.4 million people over the course of 12 years and found that adults who lived alone and owned dogs were 33 percent less likely to die during the study than adults who lived alone without dogs. In addition, the single adults with dogs were 36 percent less likely to die from heart disease.“Dog ownership was especially prominent as a protective factor in people living alone, who are a group reported previously to be at higher risk of heart disease and death than those living in a multiperson household，”Mwenya Mubanga, a Ph. D. student at Uppsala University in Uppsala, Sweden, and the lead junior author of the study, said in a statement announcing its findings. The link between dog ownership and lower mortality (死亡率) was less pronounced in adults who lived either with family members or partners, but still present, according to the study. “Perhaps a dog may stand in as an important family member in the single household，” Mubanga added. “Another interesting finding was that owners of dogs which were intended originally for hunting were most protected.”The study, which is the largest to date on the health relations of owning a dog, suggested that one of the reasons why dog owners may have a lower risk of mortality and heart disease was that dog owners walked more.“These kinds of epidemiological (流行病学的) studies look for associations in large populations but do not provide answers to whether and how dogs could protect their owners from heart disease，” Tove Fall, a senior author of the study and a professor at Uppsala University, said in a statement.“We know that dog owners in general have a higher level of physical activity, which could be one explanation for the observed results，” Fall added. “Other explanations include increased wellbeing and social contacts or effects of the dog on the bacterial microbiome (微生物菌群) in the owner.” Fall added that because all participants of the study were Swedish, the results most closely apply to dog owners in Sweden or other “European populations with similar culture regarding dog ownership”语篇解读：本文是生活类说明文。作者首先介绍了一项研究结果：养狗可以降低患心脏病及死亡的风险。接下来分析了可能产生这种结果的原因。12Why did the researchers do the study related to 3.4 million peoples health and the dogs?ATo help Europeans.BTo find their association.CTo protect unhealthy adults.DTo reduce the risk of heart disease.解析：选B细节理解题。文章第一段提出了一项研究成果：养狗可以降低患心脏病及死亡的风险。第二段讲的是科学家们在十二年内研究了三百四十万人，他们发现养狗的独居成年人比不养狗的独居成年人的死亡率要低33%，也就是说，做这项研究是为了发现两者之间的关系，所以选B。13What does the underlined word“prominent”probably mean in Para.3?AUniversal. BConfusing.CAppealing. DImportant.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据语境可知，独居的人跟那些生活在多人口家庭里的人相比，他们患心脏病以及死亡的风险更高。所以，作为一种保护因素，养狗对独居的人来说尤其“重要”，故选D项。14Whats the main idea of the text?AAdults living with dogs are less likely to die.BSwedish people are very fond of pets.CKeeping a dog is a popular and healthy hobby.DOwning dogs reduces the risk of heart disease.解析：选D主旨大意题。文章第一段就提出了研究结果：养狗可以降低患心脏病及死亡的风险。之后分析了可能产生这种结果的原因，故选D项。15Whats the writers attitude towards owning a dog?APositive. BNegative.CObjective. DContradictory.解析：选C观点态度题。作者在介绍了研究结果之后，接着用研究报告及研究人员的言论分析了可能导致这种结果的原因，其中并没有表明作者自己的态度，只是在用事实说话，不带有个人意见，因此是客观的，所以选C。.阅读七选五(2019合肥质检)What to Do When Someone Doesnt Like YouWhen someone tells me “I dont care if people like me”， they are showing me the emotional wall they use to block the hurt of rejection.As humans are social animals, all of us care if people like us. Based on the need for social connection, your reactions to rejection and negative judgment can range from minor hurt to outbreaks of depression. _16_ The first step to handle a negative situation is to recognize your reaction. Ask yourself, “What am I feeling？” _17_ Any betrayal (背叛) or embarrassment in your heart? Identify what feeling has shown up in your body, so you can choose what to do next._18_ When you sense yourself shutting down or feeling defensive, ask yourself what the person actually meant to do to you. Did they truly mean to offend you, or make fun of you? Your brain works very hard to keep you safe, so it will judge a situation as threatening if there is any possibility of social harm.When our brains sense a possible threat, we react as if we were personally attacked. Take a breath to relieve the stress. _19_Finally, if you believe the person doesnt like you, ask yourself if this matters. _20_ If not, what can you do to release your need to be liked by this person? And, what can you do to stay neutral and not return the dislike? The more you can come to accept others as who they are, the more you can move forward with your goals regardless of if someone likes you or not.AIf you can, look the person in his eyes.BDo you feel any fear or anger in your head?CAsk yourself what is true about the situation.DOften people do not realize the impact of their words.EWill the persons judgment of you impact your work or life?FThe ability to let a show of dislike roll off your back is a learned skill.GThis will ground you in the present and take you out of your trembling mind.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了摆脱不受别人喜欢的情况的方法和策略。16解析：选F由下一段第一句可推知，本空是一个承上启下的过渡句，即应对别人的拒绝和负面评价是一种可以学习的技能，下文具体阐述如何学习这种技能，所以选F项。17解析：选B由空处前一句“Ask yourself, What am I feeling？”可推知，此处表示个人的感情倾向，与下文“Any betrayal (背叛) or embarrassment in your heart”呼应，所以选B项。18解析：选C由空处后一句可知，本段讲的是要搞清楚真实的状况，然后再具体地应对，故选C项。19解析：选G由上文“Take a breath to relieve the stress”可推知，空处应进一步讲这样做的好处，所以选G项。20解析：选E由空处前一句可推知，搞清楚他人的不喜欢对自己是否有影响对接下来的应对很重要，这种影响可能是工作或生活上的，所以选E项。课时练(二)语言知识运用组块专练练准度(限时：30分钟).完形填空(2019武汉市武昌区调研)To make a difference in a childs life, I recently joined the MakeAWish Arizona team, which was able to accept 355 wishes this year. While each wish was as _1_ as the child who dreamt it, one that touched me most was Annies wish to meet the Pope (罗马天主教教皇). In fact, there was not a(n) _2_ eye in the Wish House when Annies wish came true.Given 36 months to live after being _3_ to have Stage stomach cancer, most people would be _4_. Not Annie, who wrote the most _5_ letter to us asking for her wish: to have last rites (临终祈祷) _6_ to her by the Pope. Well, the Pope doesnt do that, but he did _7_ to meet with her, and with planning by the staff, she eventually met the Pope and got a _8_ from him. The time with him was _9_ short of extraordinary. She reported that he even posed for photos!Nothing could have made this _10_ more amazing when the Pope asked the crowd to wait a moment while he _11_ a full mass (弥撒) for her. Working there, we were all _12_ to meet Annie as she came to the Wish House to _13_ her remarkable story. She is _14_ a fortunate young lady!Wishes like Annies give life new meanings. You can _15_ what an incredible amount of support it takes to make these happen. That is _16_ I encourage you to join me in making a _17_ to this charity activity, whether it is 30, 50, 100 or even more. Remember it can _18_ allowing more wishes like Annies to come true and it can help MakeAWish kids _19_ their courage to face illnesses and find a(n) _20_ point in their lives.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Annie是一个身患胃癌的女孩，她有一个愿望，希望由罗马天主教教皇来给她做临终祈祷。Annie的故事打动了很多人，也包括作者。作者呼吁大家捐款，鼓励像Annie这样的孩子勇敢面对疾病，找到生活的转折点。1A.sincere BamazingCbeautiful Dabsurd解析：选B根据下文中的“touched me most”可知，每个愿望都是令人吃惊的。所以选amazing(惊人的，了不起的，令人惊诧的)。sincere“真诚的”；beautiful“漂亮的”；absurd“荒谬的，愚蠢的”。2A.sad BupsetCdry Dwide解析：选C上文提到女孩Annie的愿望是最令作者感动的，所以当她的愿望实现的那一刻，愿望之屋里没有一个人不流泪，而not a dry eye in the house 的意思就是“全场无人不流泪，在场的人无不为之动容”。所以选C。sad“难过的”；upset“心烦意乱的”；wide“宽的”。3A.assumed BexpectedCwarned Dtold解析：选D根据语境可知，Annie患了胃癌，已经到了四期，只能活3到6个月，这个消息被告知后，大多数人都感到绝望，所以选told。assume“假定，假设”；expect“期待，预料”；warn“警告”。4A.disappointed BannoyedCdesperate Dlonely解析：选C参见上题解析。desperate“绝望的”符合语境。disappointed“失望的”；annoyed“恼怒的”；lonely“孤独的，偏僻的”。5A.demanding BtouchingCpersonal Dconfidential解析：选B根据第一段中的“one that touched me most was Annies wish to meet the Pope (罗马天主教教皇)”可知，Annie的愿望非常感人，因此可以推断，她写的信也是很感人的。所以选touching。demand