形容词与副词导学稿(学生版).doc

宁都县宁师中学宁师中学“自主参与学习法” 英语 学科导学稿（教师版）编号3-2主编人： 郑伟华 审稿人： 高三年级备课组 定稿日：2013.3 协编人： 何新华 使用人：高三年级一、课题：形容词和副词二、课型（考情）分析:复习形容词和副词的基本理论和高考考点三、考纲要求1.形容词、副词词义辨析；2.形容词、副词的等级；3.形容词、副词的固定句式；4.连接性副词的词义及功能。【课前准备】 1. 利用步步高大二轮专题复习和金太阳专题四等学习资料，复习动词的时态和语态的用法。2. 提前完成金太阳专题四形容词和副词的习题。【课堂学习】Step1常见问题聚焦Q1：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级怎么构成，什么时候比较级形式表示最高级含义。（考点一）Q2：常考的形容词固定句式有哪些？（考点二）Q3：形容词有时也作状语，怎么区分与副词作状语的不同。（考点三）Q4：多个形容词作定语的排列顺序应该怎样？（考点四）Q5：容易混淆形容词，副词的辨析。（考点五）考点一 比较级和最高级的构成；比较级表示最高级。1. 形容词、副词有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级，将下列词来构成比较级和最高级构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词未尾加-er, -esttall不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-stnice以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er,-estbig以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-estbusy少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er,-estclevernarrow其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级importanteasily不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbad/illoldmuch/manylittlefar注意：many, old和far比较级及最高级用法的区别如果后接名词时，much more +不可数名词，many more +可数名词复数。old有两种比较级和最高级形式: older/oldest 和elder/eldest。elder，eldest只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。My elder brother is an engineer.Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.某些以-ior结尾的形容词进行比较时，用to代替than。这些词有inferior（劣等的，次的）、superior（较好的，优于）、junior（资历较浅的）、senior（资格较老的）、prior（在之前）等；He is superior to Mr. Zhang in chemistry.用比较级表示最高级1.The Summer Palace is really beautiful. In fact，I doubt whether China has _ park.Aa more beautiful Ba most beautifulCthe most beautiful Da beautiful2. Everyone knows that Canada is larger than _ country in Asia.A. any B. any other C. other D. another3. Do you think that the 11th Chinese National Games were a success?Yes，_！It couldnt be _.Arelatively；betterBapproximately；worseCabsolutely；betterDfortunately；worse小结：_考点二：形容词和副词的固定句式。把下列句子译成英语。 我们学校变得越来越漂亮了你越努力，收获越多。 George has his wife do all the house work! Isnt he wise?- Not really. He is _.A. more lazy than wise B. more wise than lazyC. wiser than lazy D. lazier than wiseI always look out when crossing the street. Youre right. You cannot be too_. AnervousBcareful Churried DcarelessPeters jacket looked just the same as Jacks, but it cost _his.A. as much twice as B. twice as much as C. much as twice as D. as twice much as用法小结：_ _“too.to” 表示“ 太。以致于。，太。而不能提示：当too后接ready, eager, satisfied, kind, willing, easy, anxious等形容词时意为“非常，很”。此时，too 前常加上all, but, only, quite等修饰语。I am but too glad to do so.我非常喜欢这样做。 Comrade Lei Feng was too ready to help others.雷锋同志乐于助人。 考点三：怎么区分形容词、副词作语After the long journey, the three of them went back home, _ .A. hungry and tiredly B. hungry and tired C. hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tiredAlthough she did not know Boston well, she made her way _ to the Home Circle Building. A. easy enough B. enough easy C. easily enough D. enough easily小结（形容词作状语和副词作状语的区别）形容词作状语是补充说明句中主语的状态，实际相当于一个“主+系+表”句子的省略，该形容词实际上是句中的表语：副词则是修饰句中 词或整个句子的。考点四：多个形容词作定语的排列顺序John Smith, a successful businessman, has a _car. A. large German white B. large white German C. white large German D. German large white_students are required to take part in the boat race. A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong youngC. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese小结：限定语（the/a/an）+数词+ 观点性形容词 + size（大小）+ shape（形状）+ age（年龄、时间）+ color（颜色）+origin（国籍、来源）+material（材料）+名词；熟记口诀就可以顺利解题：_1形容词短语作定语，定语后置；a language difficult to master, a leaning tower about 180 feet highThis is a student worth of praise.2表语形容词（afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive等）作定语，定语后置；a man alive：活着的人有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well, faint, ill只作表语。sick既可作表语又可作定语，ill如作定语意为“bad”；3形容词作定语修饰由不定代词one, no, any, some和every构成的复合词如anything、something等时，通常后置；I have something important to tell you.4enough、nearby修饰名词前置或后置，程度副词一般位于形容词、副词前面，enough修饰形容词、副词时，必须后置；5else常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语；如：what else/ something else6几个副词并列作状语时，其顺序较灵活，但一般是：方式地点时间；考点五：容易混淆形容词、副词的辨析1.有些常用单词虽以-ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词如：deadly ( ) _（友好的） _(可爱的)_（可能的） lonely ( ) silly ( )_(生动的) brotherly（ ） weekly（ ）2.有无ly的副词意义、用法有别close 近 closely_ deep 深 deeply _high 高 highly_ wide 宽 widely_direct 直接地 directly_ hard 努力地 hardly_late 迟、晚 lately_ most 最 mostly_near 近 nearly_ sharp 恰好、整 sharply_3.搭配特别的形容词和副词英语中有些形容词和副词与名词、动词、或另一形容词等的搭配与汉语不完全一样，在平时学习中通过运用要把它们掌握好。特别注意下列有别于汉语的表达：well worth很值得 wide awake很清醒 fast/sound asleep睡得很香 largely due to主要因为 greatly respected/honored很受尊敬 rain/snow hard/heavily下大雨（大雪） large/small population人口多（少） heavy traffic交通堵塞考点六：常用的连接性副词见步步高大二轮P20专题提升演练Your story is perfect; Ive never heard _before.A. the better one B. the best oneC. a better one D. a good oneDid you enjoy yourself at the party?Yes，Ive never been to _one before.A. a more excited B. the most excited C. a more exciting D. the most excitingDavid has won the first prize in singing; he is still very excited now and feels_ desire to go to bed. A. the most B. more C. worse D. the leastI used to earn _than a pound a week when I first started work.A. a little B. a few C. fewer D. lessA typhoon swept across tiffs area with heavy rains and winds _strong as 113 miles per hour.A. too B. very C. so D. asYoure driving too fast. Can you drive _?A. more slowly a bit B. slowly a bit more C. a bit more slowly D. slowly more a bitI wish youd do _ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better. A. a bit less B. any less C. much more D. a little moreIt is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is _ another to play it well yourself. A. quite B. very C. rather D. muchWe were in _ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets. A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush Alan is a careful driver, but he drives _ of my friends. A. more carefully B. the most carefully C. less carefully D. the least carefully Of the two