外贸函电专有名词大全.docx

外贸函电专有名词大全英文中文缩写备注Subject heading主题标目Reference number备案号Enclosure(s)附件Encl.Enclose 随函附上Postscript 附笔p.s.不涉及重大的业务，一般与业务无关，若有重大事项另行再发一份信件/电邮Enquire enquiry（进口商）询价Make an enquiry forQuote quotation（出口商）报价Quote a priceQuote sb sthQuote for sthOffer （出口商）报价报价应包括：装船时间、报价、交货日期、品质描述、付款方式及时间An offer of $. for sthThe offer is valid until 报价有效期至Keep our offer open until 报价有效期至Withdraw an offer 撤销报价Confirm our offer 确定报价Bid（进口商）出价Order 订单Place orders with sb 下订单Repeat order 返单Regular orders 定期订货；正常订货Trial order 试订单Initial order 初次订单，初次订货Messrs公司（名）Leader 经销商Sample 样品We would be very happy to send samples to you for closer inspection.Size 规格；（服装）尺码Terms of payment 付款方式Usual terms of payments 通常的付款方式Discount= commission折扣国内贸易，银行多用discountAllow discount on sthAllowance折扣Item 商品，产品；条款Freight 运费Attention 经办， 处理Meet your attention 得到你方需迅速经办(illustrated) catalogue 简介，说明书Price list价格单Under separate cover=by separate post另寄High standard of craftsmanship做工精良Irrevocable letter of credit不可撤销的信用证L/C(bank) issue L/C 开具信用证Date of issue 开证日期Open L/C 开信用证Establish L/C establishment of L/CL/C at 30 days sight 远期30天的信用证100% by irrevocable L/C 按实足的发票金额/按发票金额的100%开例不可撤销的信用证假远期信用证客户开证银行按信用证付款，出口商银行提前垫付（出口商要支付一定的利息），款项到账后扣除利息Beneficiary 受益人In our/your beneficiary （信用证）以某方为受益人In ones favour受益人是At sight=sight (L/C)即期的（信用证）Transferable 可转让Non-transferable不可转让Amendment 改证；修改信用证修改之后才能装运，Exporter装运日期不能早于修改后的信用证Amendment notice修改通知书Exporter提出修改L/C则不能装船，所有日期必须以改后L/C为准Extension (of the expiry date)Extend the L/C展证注意：展证时有效日期和装运日期这两个日期要同时改，一般两个日期之间相距1520天Cover (the contract of )支付Retailer 零售商Wholesaler 批发商Mass production批量生产Cost control成本控制Be fully committed满负荷Be heavily committed 满负荷，订单很多Heavy commitments 满负荷Waistcoat 背心Out of stock缺货Firm priceWe offer you firm this article实盘，实价进口商不能更改价格或与出口商协商，只能接受或拒绝Article 商品Subject to请务必；以为准Subject to our final confirmation 以我方最终确认为准Reference price参考价Confidential=private and confidential保密题头注明The firm concerned=the said firm=the firm in question=above-mentioned 资信调查中不说出公司的具体名字Status enquiry资信调查This information is given without any responsibility.Although this information is given to the best of our belief（出于我们的信任）, we must ask you to treat it in strict confidence and without any responsibility on our part.Any information you may give would be treated in strict secrecy.As far as our information goes, the firm Initial business首笔业务，初次业务Trading volume贸易额Export agency出口代理权Hold the export agency forCapital 资金Open an account with展开合作Trade reference贸易证明人Financial standing财务状况Stamped, addressed envelope预先写好姓名地址并贴好邮票的信封On quarterly account terms每季度结账The Chamber of Commerce商务部Forwarding agent货运代理，货代Delivery=shipment=dispatch装运；交货Delivery: 1 month after receipt of the L/C 收到信用证一个月以内装船To book shipping space 预定舱位 （只能用book）Advance shipment/delivery 提前装运Effect shipment 安排装运Dispatch/ shipping/shipment/delivery date装运日期Congestion （港口）拥堵Marks= shipping marks唛头货物外包装上刷上的字和图形，方便船公司装卸和importer迅速挑选出自己的货物。N/M=no marksAdvise 通知（装船信息）Shipping advice装运通知，装船通知装船完毕立即发出，尤其是CFR和FOB下要提前发给importer以便对方投保。基本内容：1. Order number或contract number2. 品名、数量和总值3. 航次号 voyage number，预计离港日期ETD=estimated time of departure预计到达日期ETA=estimated time of arrivalShipping order订舱委托单表格：填写货物名称、毛重、净重、尺码、目的港等Liner 班轮包括集装箱和杂货两种，固定开船时间和航线，价格相对便宜、固定。班轮费用包括1. 基本费用 basic charge2. 附加费用 additional charge，附加费用临时征收，一般有燃油附加费 bunker charges，港口拥堵附加费 port congestion charges等。Measurement/ ton尺码吨M/T按尺码（长宽高，体积）收费Weight/ton重量吨W/T按重量收费Tariff 收费表；关税Freight tariff运费表Steamer=ship=vessel轮船，船By the first available steamer （你能找到的）第一班船Air freight空运Freight forwarder货物承运人货物承运人对航运途中的安全运输负责Carriage (n.)运输Less than container loading拼箱货Container freight station集装箱货运站CFS/CFS货物很少时与其他公司拼箱走货，从CFS到装运港及卸货港码头的内陆运输费用由importer/exporter承担Full container loading整箱货Said to contain 据说装了Customs 海关Under the surveillance of customs 在海关监督之下Shipping documents 装船单据；装运单据A full set of shipping documents 全套装运单据Upon presentation of shipping documents 一提交装船单据就必须含有：1 invoice发票2 bill of lading 提单3 packing list 箱单其他还可能有：Insurance policy 保单Certificate of origin 产地证Certificate of inspection 质检证Certificate of quality 质量证书A full set of original documents全套正本单据全套正本单据必须送到银行议付，副本则给客户以便客户进口报关Copy 副本Non-negotiable非议付的Commercial invoice商业发票Exporter的明细单Covering L/C相关的信用证Practice 惯例Close the biz/deal成交Exhibition booth展台Sales contract=sales confirmation销售合同，销售券书，售货合同S/CCommission 佣金CIF C 3% New York 其中C代表commission，此处佣金3%Metric ton公吨mtStanding charges长期手续费Standing orders长期自动转账委托Attached slip附条Security 抵押品Press for督促Reviver振兴函Follow-up letter随访函Supplement 单张产品宣传页Available from stock有现货可供的Mail-order邮购Clear (v.)处理库存Residue stock剩余库存Favourable response肯定的答复Particulars 详细资料Market research市场调研Market share市场份额，市场占有率Marketing strategy营销策略Marketing plan营销方案Marketing department营销部Marketing environment营销环境Marketing mix营销组合Pricing 定价Own-label=own-brand使用自有商标的(goods) that are marked with the name of the shop/store in which they are sold rather than with the name of the company that produce themBranding 品牌创建Sales promotions促销Brand switcher经常更换品牌的消费者Turnover 营业额Sales representative销售代表Sales repPresent (v.)Presentation (n.)1提交；2提示Exporter交给银行：提交银行向importer出示：提示Sales forecast销售预测Literature 资料Profit margin利率幅度，利率边际Counter offer还价，还盘Profit and loss account损益表Sole agent独家代理Trial sales试销Command a ready sale打开销路Popularise 推销Allow special terms提供特别（优惠）条件Trial order试订单Comply 符合Cost, insurance and freight含保险的到岸价CIFCIF+目的港CIF Seattle 不含保险的西雅图到岸价Free on board离岸价（卖方出上船前的费用）FOBFOB+ 装货港使用FOB的情况一般是：走大批货物装一整船，买家自己找船，节省运费；提前报价或运费不明朗时作为参考价由卖方报出Free on board + trim （平仓费）FOBT卖方出平仓费Free on board + stow （理仓费）FOBS卖方出理仓费Free on board + InsuranceFOBI卖方出保险费Cost, freight不含保险的到岸价CFRCFR+ 目的港/卸货港Exporter负责:租船、订舱、运输Importer负责：保险Polished rice精制大米Advise正式通知，告知Be under offer已对其他地区报价在先Certificate of origin产地证Pro forma invoice形式发票一般数量、金额大于实际数量、金额；数量、价格等有待于进一步确定，Pro forma invoice仅用于方便两方办理许可证、报关等手续In quadruplicate一式四份In duplicate= in two copies一式两份若干份都是正本Import license进口许可证Export license出口许可证Execute/ Execution执行（合同/订单），处理Back order到期订单For buyers account由买方承担Any increase in freight will be for buyers account 运费的增加部分应由买方承担Close with offer成交Come to terms成交Meet you half way降50%Cost 成本Better value更优惠的价格Canned 罐装Stem 有梗的Piece 切片Button slice去梗的Whole slice整个的Draft=bill of exchange汇票Sight draft=draft at sight即期汇票外贸中汇票一般一式两份，寄出时分两个信封分装，分别寄出，以防丢失；“付一不付二，付二不付一”原则，即以先寄到的汇票为准打钱Draw a draft on sb开汇票，汇票上的付款人为Accept the draft承兑汇票Draft at sight=time draft远期汇票；见票天的远期汇票一般为90天，具体天数由双方协商而定，有以发票日期计算，也有以汇票出票日期为准，还有以提单日期为准的Special specification特殊型号Minimum order起订量，最少订购数量Goodwill 商誉Fill your order完成你方订单Agent 代理Cheque 支票一般写作cheque，不用checkAt the fixed price固定、统一的价格Incorporated.公司Inc.Rooter Inc. 鲁特公司% More or less溢短装条款Cement水泥等矿产品在装运时经常有散漏，因此数量上有溢短装条款，惯例为3%溢短装More or less clause溢短装条款国际惯例3% more or less is allowed（一般按重量论的买卖都有）Net shipping weight装船时净重Paper bag（牛皮）纸袋一般为3层牛皮纸 3-ply Kraft paper bag，每袋净重25kgConfirmed 保兑的，保证兑现的（往往是出口公司不信任进口公司）出口公司要求进口公司另找一家银行对开具信用证的银行进行担保Documents 单据Invoice 发票Invoice的内容：1 买卖双方信息2 the port of dischage/destination/loading 卸货港，目的港3 descriptions: Name of the commodity/goods 品名Specifications/Sizes 规格Quantity 数量Unit price 单价Total price 总价FOB/CIF, etc. 价格术语4 terms of payment 付款方式5 packing 包装6 发票章+法人代表签字Packing list装箱单；箱单P/L（由exporter做完后交给船公司）内容包括：1包装2 毛重3 净重4 体积Individual packing单独包装Packing instructions包装说明Inferior packing包装不当(ocean) Bill of lading提货单；（海运）提单(ocean) B/L所有有关单据中惟一的物权证明，上面写有进口商的名字，是最重要的单据。可以转让，如果是L/C方式，提单对象写开证行，再背书转让给importer。代表货物所属权Clean bill of lading清洁提单Shipping company航运公司Certificate of origin产地证Issued by CCIB中国商检局；或Issued by CCPIT中国贸促会货物运到欧共体时要附上产地证，可以免税。Certificate of inspection质检证Issued by CCIB 中国商检局（15个工作日前提出申请）Certificate of quality质量证书一般由exporter出具Duplicate (v.)=repeat再次订购Herewith 随函附上For file以供存档Stipulations 规定信用证的规定应与销售确认书严格相符Grade 1/2一/二级A shortage of stock库存短缺Forward 寄出Forwarding agent 货运代理；货代Tie up funds占压资金Cash against documents凭单付现CAD这里的documents是shipping documents 装船单据On arrival of goods货物抵达时Specification 规格Telegraphic transfer 电汇TT除了L/C之外常用的付款方式，可以避免银行手续费Insurance policy保险单Insurance policy for 110% of invoice value 按发票金额加成10%投保的保险单（国际惯例），在目的港赔付，所以有关单据全部寄给进口商。Insurance policy由保险公司负责做，包含：1. 险种描述2. 目的港保险代理人信息Invoice value发票金额Premium保费，保险费Type of insurance保险类别Insurance coverage（有）保险有保险要写明保险类别Insure against+险种Cover goods with +PICC +against+险种+ for +$.Insurance clauses保险规则The Institute Cargo Clauses协会货物保险条款I.C.C.由Institute of London Underwriters 伦敦保险协会 制定(Underwriter 保险公司)1. Institute Cargo Clauses A （协会货物保险条款）A款：最广泛，是首选，保障性最好2. Institute Cargo Clauses B （协会货物保险条款）B款：3. Institute Cargo Clauses C （协会货物保险条款）C款：4. Institute War ClausesCargo战争险： 附加险中的首选，一般CIF情况下exporter买A款，加战争险，保险公司会送罢工险。5. Institute Strike ClausesCargo罢工险：罢工险中包括民变险、暴动险6. Malicious Damage Clauses其中1、2、3是基本险/主险（basic coverage）；4、5、6是附加险（additional coverage/risk）Strike, Riot and Civil Commotions罢工险S.R.&C.C.Additional risk/coverage/cover附加险The Peoples Insurance Company of China中国人民保险公司PICCChina Insurance Clauses中国保险条款CICPICC制定的。包括：1. Free from Particular Average (F.P.A.) 平安险：全军覆没才赔偿2. With Particular Average (W.P.A)=With Average (W.A.)水渍险：部分损失也赔偿3. All Risks 一切险：相当于I.C.C.的A款Insurance claim保险索赔国际保险惯例：在发票金额上加成10%Make a claim against向提出索赔Compensate sb for赔偿Authorized surveyor指定的保险勘察人File the claim with提出索赔Substantiate 证实Survey report公证报告Cover (v.)保险投保Cover在payment里意为“支付”；在insurance里意为“保险投保”Particular average单独海损一批货中有部分损失也赔偿Average (n.)海运中的损失Warehouse to warehouse仓至仓条款w/w第一个warehouse指的是：装运港码头，第二个warehouse指的是：卸货港/目的港码头仓（库保险责任至此处为止）The insurer保险公司The insured投保人，被保险人Marine insurance海上保险Sea-going vessel海轮Consignee 收货人The usual risks通常投保的险种Invoice value发票金额Certificate of quality质量证书Collection 托收托收分为2种：D/P at sight 即期的付款交单，和D/A at sight 承兑交单Documents against payment (at sight)（即期的）付款交单D/P at sight有一定风险，但较为常见，出口商给自己的开户行上交托收申请书、把单据交给托收行（即开户行）、由托收行联系出口商所在的代收行进行托收。风险：出口商装运完成后把单据交给托收行，托收行联系代收行，代收行通知进口商单据已到前来赎单。即，出口商垫付资金发货，进口商最后可以不付钱赎单、不要货。Documents against acceptance (at sight)承兑交单D/A 进口商在代收行汇票背面签字，承诺由当天起天内付款就可以拿走单据提货。这种方式一般在一家公司内部的分公司之间使用，很少用于国际贸易。Documentary L/C跟单信用证Documentary collection跟单托收Documentary draft跟单汇票进口商银行支付货款时，出口商银行交给单据Draft 汇票出口商开具，要求进口商银行支付货款Clean draft光票只有汇票、没有单据理论上有，实际上不采用。Advertising bank通知行Importers bank把L/C传到exporters bank，再由exporters bank通知exporter来领证，此时exporters bank为通知行，通知行要收取手续费Consignment货物Description of goods货物描述Unit price for goods单价Shipping date=time of shipping装运时间Negotiate Negotiation 议付Exporter装完船之后，把所有信用证下的单据送到银行，叫做议付；如果出现单据不符，银行要扣费。Negotiating bank议付行Non-negotiable instrument非转让票据非转让票据由指示性的背书/抬头Negotiability 可转让性Expiry date（信用证）有效期一般最迟装船日期后1520天为最迟交单日期（一般与有效期是同一天）The port of shipment装运港The port of destination/discharge/ unloading卸货港Partial shipment=part shipment分批装运Transhipment转船转船可能会浪费时间，直达船一般每月上旬开船the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits, 1993 Revision跟单信用证统一惯例，1993