职称英语综合类补充全文题汇总试卷.doc

中华考试网.华文燕园一Mobile PhonesMobile phones should carry a label if they proved1 to be a dangerous source of radiation, according to Robert Bell, a scientist. And no more mobile phone transmitter towers should be build until the long-term health effects of the electromagnetic radiation they emit is scientifically evaluated, he said. “Nobodys going to drop dead overnight2 but we should be asking for more scientific information, ”Robert Bell said at a conference on the health effects of low-level radiation. _ (1) _A report widely circulated among the public says that up to now scientists do not really know enough to guarantee there are no ill effects on humans from electromagnetic radiation. According to Robert Bell, there are 3. 3 million mobile phones in Australia alone and they are increasing by3 2, 000 a day._ (2) _As well, there are 2, 000 transmitter towers around Australia, many in high density residential areas5. _ (3) _The electromagnetic radiation emitted from these towers may have already produced some harmful effects on the health of the residents nearby.Robert Bell suggests that until more research is completed the Government should ban construction of phone towers from within a 500 metre radius of school grounds, child care centres, hospitals, sports playing fields and residential areas with a high percentage of children._ (4) _ He adds that there is also evidence that if cancer sufferers are subjected to electromagnetic waves the growth rate of the disease accelerates._ (5) _ According to Robert Bell, it is reasonable for the major telephone companies to fund it. Besides, he also urges the Government to set up a wide ranging inquiry into possible health effects.A. He says there is emerging evidence that children absorb low-level radiation at a rate more than three times that of adults6.B. By the year 20004 it is estimated that Australia will have 8 million mobile phones: nearly one for every two peopleC. “If mobile phones are found to be dangerous, they should carry a warning label until proper shields can be devised,” he said.D. Then who finances the research?E. For example, Telstra, Optus and Vodaphone build their towers where it is geographically suitable to them and disregard the need of the community.F. The conclusion is that mobile phones brings more harm than benefit.答案：1. C2. B3. E4 A 5. D 二Energy from the SunEveryone needs and uses energy. If there were no energy, 1 Most of the energy on this planet comes from the sun, but people do not receive that energy directly. It comes from different sources and in different forms.Green plants convert the suns energy to food energy that animals and people use for life. The energy from animals has been used for hundreds of years to operate farm equipment and to pull carts, wagons, and other vehicles.The suns energy takes water from rivers, lakes, and oceans and 2 When rain or snow falls on the land some of it flows into rivers and streams. This flowing water can be used to 3 Water can also be converted to steam, which produces energy to operate machines.Winds also come from solar energy. Air that has been heated by the sun rises and creates winds. The process of winds has moved ships on the sea, ground grain, and brought water to the earthThere is also solar energy in wood, oil, and coal. These fuels have been 4 People burn them to produce heat and to create power for machines. Oil and coal are used to produce electrical energy, too. And electricity produces light heat, and sound energy. In addition, electric power operates many kinds of equipment, tools, and machines, which make work easier.If you made a list of all the jobs performed by the different kinds of energy, you would fill many pages. The need for power increases every day, and some sources of energy 5 So scientists and technicians are trying to find new ways to produce power.A formed over many centuries from plants.B returns it to the earth in the form of rain or snow.C are being used up very quickly.D there would be no life.E produce mechanical energy and electricity.F are being produced everyday.答案：1、D 2、B 3、E 4、A 5、C三Broken: Dreams of Rural PeaceIt was dusk in Tubney Woods, deep in rural Oxfordshire. The birds were singing at the end of another perfect day. The woman living at the edge of the forest could stand it no longer. She phoned the local noise pollution officer.Its the rooks, she said. I cant bear that awful cawing noise. Can you do something about it?The call was no surprise to officials at the Vale of White Horse District Council. _1_. The countryside, as every country-dweller knows, can be a hellishly noisy place.Last week David Stead, a West Yorkshire farmer, appeared in court in Wakefield accused of allowing his cocks to break noise regulations by crowing at dawn, waking a neighbor. _2_. Six months ago Corky, a four-year-old cock, was banned from crowing after complaints in the Devon village of Stoke.Complaints about noise reasonable or not are at record levels in country areas. Environmental health officers say this is partly because of an increase in noisy activity. However, a significant number of complaints come from newcomers to the countryside.There are many sources of rural noise. _3_. Mechanized grain driers, usually switched on for three weeks in September, can produce a maddening low-frequency hum. Mike Roberts, chief environmental health officer at Vale of White Horse, said noise often sounded worse in the countryside than in cities. With less background sound, unwelcome noises can seem louder and travel further.The oddest complaints, however, are the ones council officials can do nothing about. Vale of White Horse officials have been asked to silence not only nesting rooks. Pigeons and pheasants have also caused concern. In Kent, council officials have been asked to silence baby lambs. _4_. Another insisted he could hear an alien spaceship landing over the garden fence. We get regular complaints. They usually come from retired people who have just moved into the country. We send them a polite letter.And the lady who complained about the rooks? She was politely told she would have to put up with it. _5_. Said Mr. Roberts. In the end, she accepted there was nothing much she could do except move out. It is not recorded who won, the lady or the rooks.A. We asked her what we were supposed to do, shoot the birds or chop the trees down?B. They have heard every kind of complaint.C. Mr. Stead said they were only doing what comes naturally.D. The council will ask the farmer to move it.E. One man rang to say he was kept awake by the splashing of a fountain in the garden next door.F. Farm machinery is a common cause.答案：1、B 2、C 3、F 4、E 5、A四、Comparative Labor Costs_1_. Together, they constitute the unit labor cost involved in producing a commodity.Some countries may find that the labor wages are very low, yet they are not in a competitive position when trading with other countries, whose labor wages are very high._2_. On the other hand, some countries find that their productivity is much higher than that of their trading partners, yet they are not in a competitive trading position either. This is because their labor wages are much higher than those of their trading partners. _3_. For instance, wages are low in most developing countries. _4_. Their productivity is low too. Success depends on the unit labor cost of the products in certain industries, such as radio production and television set assembling, unit labor cost may be low and thus they would be in a competitive position, while in others, low labor wages are offset by very low productivity. Their unit labor cost is high and they are in an unfavorable position in trading with other countries.Unit labor cost is an important determinant of prices of manufactured goods, but other costs also influence prices: notably, those of capital, energy and raw materials. _5_.A. Moreover, a countrys competitive position is not solely determined by price salesmanship. Credit terms, adherence to delivery schedules and so on also affect competitiveness.B. At least two factors determine a countrys comparative position: labor productivity and wage level.C. So it is the unit labor cost that determines the competitive position, but only low wages or only high productivity.D. This may be because they neglect their low productivity.E. Does this mean that these countries are in a favorable position in trade? It is not necessarily so.F. Generally speaking, all the countries are paying more and more attention to their wage levels.答案： 1、B 2、D 3、C 4、E 5、A五Success StoriesOne of the most successful fashion companies in the world is Benetton. The Benetton family opened their first shop in Italy in1968._1_ Benetton followed four marketing principles in order to achieve their success.The first principle is Consumer Concept. To build a successful business, you have to develop products around things people value, especially quality_2_ He created clothes to match peoples wants: the style is casual; the colors and patterns are bold; and the quality is excellent.The system link is another feature of good marketing. For Benetton, this means waiting to get information about what customers like and what they dislike before making the clothes_3_The Information Link means making sure the company responds quickly to peoples demands._4_ This information is then sent to the main office in Italy. Benetton can use this information to identify popular products and to continue making them; it can also identify less popular products and stop making them.A final important marketing principle is the Retail Link. There are Benetton stores in countries around the world. All the stores have the same clothing, the same window displays, and the same approach to sales. _5_The things people like about Benetton stores are that the quality is always high and the prices are generally low. And that spells success.A The founder of Benetton began by asking people what they wantedB There used to be a good reason for thisC When something is sold at a Benetton store, the store records information about the type, size, and color of the item.D Today, there are Benetton shops in major cities all over the world.E This means that customers can go into any Benetton store in the world and be sure of what they are buying.F In other words, Benettons clothes are made to order.答案：1、D 2、A 3、F 4、C 5、E六Public RelationsPublic relations is a broad set of planned communications about the company, including publicity releases, designed to promote goodwill and a favorable image.Publicity then is part of public relations when it is initiated by the firm, _(1)_. Since public relations involves communications with stockholders, financial analysts, government officials, and other noncustomer groups, it is usually placed outside the marketing department, perhaps as a staff department or outside consulting firm reporting to top management. This organizational placement can be a limitation because the public relations department or consultant will likely not be in tune with marketing efforts. Poor communication and no coordination may be the consequences. _(2)_, this influence generally may be less than that provided by the other components of the public image mix.Publicity may be in the form of news releases _(3)_. Publicity on the other hand should not be divorced from the marketing department, as it can provide a useful adjunct to the regular advertising. Furthermore, _(4)_; some can result from an unfavorable press as a reaction to certain actions or lack of actions that are controversial or even downright ill-advised.The point we wish to emphasize is that a firm is deluding itself if it thinks its public relations function, whether within the company or an outside firm, can take care of public image problems and opportunities. Many factors impact on the public image. Many of these have to do with the way the firm does business, _ (5)_. Public relations and directed publicity may help highlight favorable newsworthy events, and may even succeed in toning down the worst of unfavorable publicity, but the other components of the public image mix create more lasting impressions.A that have favorable overtones for the company initiated by the public relations departmentB not all publicity is initiated by the firmC usually in the form of press releases or press conferencesD such as its product quality, the servicing and handling of complaints, and the tenor of the advertisingE what it means to the company isF Although the basic purpose of public relations is to provide positive influence on the public image答案：1.C 2.F 3.A 4.B 5.D七Read with Greater SpeedDo you have difficulty reading in class?If so,a special reading program that helps match sounds with letters could speed up your brainAt least one out of every five elementary school students in the US has trouble learning to read，even when the students are good at other subjects_1_Researchers from Yale University,US,studied a group of children from New York and Connecticut StateAs part of the study，37 struggling readers received special tutoringEvery day,instructors worked with them on recognizing how written letters represent units of sound called phonemes（音素）_2_By the end of the school year，these children could read faster than beforeThey also made fewer mistakes，and understood more of what they read than they could earlier in the year,As part of their study，the researchers used a special machine to take action photos of the studentsbrains_3_This is the same part of the brain that becomes active when good readers readThis activated brain area appears to include a structure that helps people recognize familiar written words quicklyIn lower level readers，this structure remains inactiveA year later,the brain structure was still working hard in the students who had gone through the special tutoring，and they continued to do well in reading tests_4_However，some researchers still doubt the study_5_A Many adults are interested in matching sounds with lettersB The students also practiced reading aloud and spellingC The biggest challenge for many of these kids，scientists say,is matching sounds with lettersD Another group in the study who went through a more traditional reading program didnt show the same progressE The pictures showed all increase in activity in the back of the brain on the left sideF They believe that reading without making any noise or linking words to sounds is more efficient答案：1.C 2.B 3.E 4.D 5.F八What we take from and give to the seaAs long as we have been on earth, we have used the sea around us. We take from the ocean, and we give to it.We take fishes from the ocean millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed millions of people. _1_. We take minerals from the ocean. One way to get salt is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporates. _2_. Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too. But the sea does not give them up by simple evaporation. Other gifts from the sea are pearls, sponges and seaweed. Pearls become jewelry. _3_. Seaweed becomes food of many kinds even candy, and ice cream as well as medicine. Believe it or not, fresh water is anther gift from the sea. We cannot drink ocean water. _4_. But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed. In the future, we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from the sea.The sea gives us food, fertilizer, minerals, water, and other gifts. What do we give the sea? Garbage. _5_. Huge as it is, the ocean cannot hold all the water we pour into it, we may need the sea and its gifts more than ever.We are finally learning that if we destroy our seas, we might also destroy ourselves. Hopefully, it is not too late.A.Natural sponges become cleaning aids.B.We pollute the ocean when we use it as a garbage dump.C.The area of the sea is becoming smaller and smaller.D.Along with salt, other minerals are left after evaporation.E.We even use their bones for fertilizer.F.Some of its contents may cause illness.答案：1.E 2.D 3.A 4.F 5.B九The first four minutesWhen do people decide whether or not they want to become friends? During their first four minutes together, according to a book by Dr. Leonard Zunin. In his book, Contact: The first four minutes, he offers this advice to anyone interested in starting new friendships: _1_. A lot of peoples whole lives would change if they did just that.You may have noticed that average person does not give his undivided attention to someone he as just met._2_. If anyone has ever done this to you, you probably did not like him very much.When we are introduced to new people, the author suggests, we should try to appear friendly and self-confident. In general, he says, People like people who like themselves.On the other hand, we should not make the other person think we are too sure of ourselves. It is important to appear interested and sympathetic, realizing that the other person has his won needs, fears, and hopes.Hearing such advice, one might say, But Im not a friendly, self-confident person. Thats not my nature. It would be dishonest for me to at that way._3_. We can become accustomed to any changes we choose t