新概念二册笔记Lesson06PercyButtons.doc

Lesson 6 Percy Buttons【New words and expressions】（4） beggar n. 乞丐beg v.乞求I beg your pardon? beg for 乞求得到ask for 请求得到（ask sb. for sth.向某人索要某物）food n. 食物（不可数）a lot of foodpocket n. 衣服口袋inner pocket 内口袋；jacket pocket 夹克的口袋；coat pocket 大衣口袋pocket book 袖珍书pocket dictionary袖珍词典pocket pick 车上的小偷pocket money (小孩的)零花钱change 零钱get exact change准备好正确的零花钱beer money (男人的)零花钱call v. 拜访, 光顾 vt.&vi. 叫，喊I heard someone calling.call out =shout 大声喊 vt. 呼唤，召唤Lucy is sick. Please call a doctor. vi. 访问，拜访；（车、船等）停靠Amy called (at our house) yesterday.The train calls at large stations only. 这列火车只停大站。call on sb.拜访某人call at+地点visit someplace拜访某地 vt.&vi. 打电话call sb =call up sb. 给某人打电话call back 回某人电话Can you take a message for me? =Can you tell him to call back? call in sb. 招集和邀请某人For the project, the government called in a lot of experts.【课文讲解】1、Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door.knock vi. 敲门I knocked, but no one answered. knock at 敲（门、窗等）knock at the door；knock at the window vt.&vi. 碰撞You always knock things off the table. 你总是碰掉桌上的东西。Jim was knocked over by a bus this morning. 今天上午吉姆被一辆公共汽车撞倒了。She has knocked a cup over again.她又碰倒了一杯子。 vt. 把（某人）打成状态He knocked Tom out yesterday. 他昨天把汤姆打昏过去了。 与off连用时有一些特殊含义，一般用于口语vt. （价格上）减去，除去，打折扣They knocked five dollars off the price of the coat.The shop assistant knocked 10% off the bill.（He reduced the price by 10%.）vi. 下班，停止，中断（工作等）When do you usually knock off? 你一般何时下班？He knocked off for lunch at half past eleven. 他十一点半休息吃中午饭。2、He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer.ask (sb.) for sth =request for sth. 问某人要什么东西 （for为了这个目的去请求某人, sb.更多的时候不出现, ask for sth.）The boy asked (his parents)for money again.3、In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs.in return for this 作为对的回报，作为交换Ill buy a present for him in return for hospitality. in return 作为回报In return for your help, I invite you to spend the weekend with my family.He doesnt want anything in return. 他不想得到任何回报stood on his head 倒立stand on ones hands 用手着地(hand单数就是一只手, 双手复数)stand on ones knees 跪着, 膝盖 lie on ones back 仰面躺着lie on ones side 侧躺/lie on ones stomach 趴着4、Later a neighbour told me about him.介词about可以和一些动词连用，以表示“关于（的）”、“涉及（的）”Please tell me about the accident.tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事（about关于, 通过其他事自己得出的结论）tell you about the word 解释这个单词的意思tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某件事(把事情直接告诉)5、Everybody knows him.everybody作主语一定作单数看待, 属于不定代词所有的不定代词作为主语一律为单数看待 : somebody，anybody，everything等6、He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.calls at 光顾，拜访in the street（英国）/on the street（美国）once a month 一个月一次, 单位表达方式once adj. 表示每一次（表示频率时后面直接加表示时间的名词）, 计量单位 “/” （每）five kilometers an hourHe goes back to the South once a year.【Key structures】A, The and Some当表示不确定的某个人或物时，用不定冠词a/an（单数, 可数名词）；当表示不可数的名词时，则需要由不定冠词加量词组成词组。在表示一种笼统概念（某某一类/一种东西）的陈述句中可以省略a和someA tiger is a dangerous animal. /Tigers are dangerous.Salt is necessary for/to us all.表示某个确定的人或事物或者上文已提到过的人或事物，则要用定冠词the（有时相当于this/that/these/those）,可数名词单/复数或不可数名词均可。在姓名、地名、国名（非复合词）以及月份、星期等前面不加任何冠词。a和the的区别：a是泛指, a man；特指, the man在文章当中第一次出现名词的时候往往用a和an修饰, 第二次出现的时候用theA man is walking towards me. The man is carrying a parcel. The parcel is full of meat.She always buys flour, sugar and tea at the grocers.一般姓名前一般不能加冠词，表示“某某一类人当中, 具有这种特征当中的一个”，加不定冠词aa Mr. Zhang 张先生这类人【Special Difficulties】 短语动词某些动词的后面加上介词或副词以后就会改变词义, 这种新的组合称作短语动词put v. 放put on 穿上，戴上take v. 拿走take off 脱掉，摘掉look v. 看look at 看；look for 寻找；look after 照顾；look out 当心；look out of 向外看call :call at；call on；call in；call back；call for 去取某物, 去接某人；需要 The problem calls for immediate action. 这个问题需要立即采取行动knock v. 敲knock at 敲门knock off 下班He knocked off earlier.knock off 打折 Knock 10% off the price.把撞倒，如果有地点，用介词off；无地点，用介词over knock sth. off+地点I knocked the boy off the bicycle.knock over A car knocked the boy over.knock out 打晕, 在拳击场合中, 把人打倒在地叫knock out(专用术语) He did not know how to fight, but he knocked the boxer out.【Multiple choice questions】6 Everybody knows him. _a_ know him.a. They all b. Each c. Every d. All theyall of us, we all 我们所有人every +n. 每一个(书, 本, 人等)every person likeseach adj.&pron. 每一个each +n；each 直接作主语或者宾语each person likes./each likes.every只能是形容词性，强调整体，常用来指一个大的、不确定的数目，不能直接做主语；each既可作形容词，又可作代词，强调个体，常用以一个确定的并通常是有限的数目，在作代词时，直接作主语或宾语，使用第三人称单数 Every child enjoys Christmas. Each of us has his own work to do. They each have a share.10 She gave him a piece of cheese. He put the _a_ of cheese in his pocket.a. bit b. bar c. block d. packeta bit of /a piece of 在英文中经常互用bar 门闩 : 长条状 : a bar of chocolate/soapblock n. 房子；块, 一大块；v. 堵塞packet 一包12 All the houses in our _a_ are the same age and size. a. street b. way c. roadd. routesame age and size 同年代同样式street 两边有房子的街道, 强调城市里的街道way, on the way, in the way 挡住某人的路(强调方向) road 路的通称 road home 通往家的路 (我的父亲母亲英文名)route 路线语法精粹2.The girl even wont have her lunch before she_D_her homework.A. will finishB. is finishing C. had finished D. finishes状语从句中, 用一般现在时取代将来时.3.Those who have applied for the post_A_in the office. A. are being interviewed B. are interviewingC. intervie