课件：呼吸系统疾病及其它细菌性疾病.ppt

Respiratory disease - Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia 呼吸道疾病胸膜肺炎放线杆菌,Bob Morrison DVM, MBA, PhD Swine Group University of Minnesota,2019,-,1,Etiology 病因学,Actinobacillus (“Haemophilus”) pleuropneumoniae (APP) 胸膜肺炎放线杆菌（“嗜血杆菌”） 15 Serotypes 15个血清型 Most common are 1, 5, 7 in the USA 在美国，血清型1、5、7最为常见 Serotype 12 is very common but apparently not virulent 血清型12也很常见，但是它不表现致病性 Serotypes 13-15 are proposed and probably not common 血清型1315被提及，可能不是很常见 Differences in virulence between serotypes 血清型之间的毒力差别 Serotype prevalence may be changing due to vaccination 由于接种疫苗的原因，血清型的流行性可能会改变 2 biotypes NAD dependent and independent (biotypes 1 and 2) 2个生物变种依赖和不依赖烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（生物变种1和2） Biotype 1 is more common, but 2 is increasing 生物变种1更普遍，但是生物变种2逐渐增加,2019,-,2,Virulence Factors毒力因子,Capsule 荚膜 LPS-endotoxin 脂多糖内毒素 Exotoxin (Hemolysins/Cytotoxins) 外毒素（溶血素/细胞毒素） Outer Membrane Proteins (OMP) 外膜蛋白 （OMP）,2019,-,3,Clinical signs Acute form 临床症状急性型,Epidemiology 流行病学 Susceptible herds-all animals are affected 易感猪群所有的动物可被感染 Morbidity is very high 发病率非常高 Mortality usually is also high 死亡率通常也很高 The organism spreads without apparent relationship to any management factors 病原体的传播与任何管理因素没有明显的关系 Vaccines are very dramatic because they stop death 疫苗效果显著，因为其阻止了猪的死亡 Rather uncommon today, but may be seen in high-health herds 目前很不常见，但是可见于健康良好的猪群 Signs 症状 High fever 高热 Some coughing 有些咳嗽 Very labored breathing 严重 呼吸困难 Death 死亡 Nose bleeding at death 死亡时从鼻中流出血液,2019,-,4,2019,-,5,Clinical signs Chronic form 临床症状慢性型,Older animals affected 稍大些的猪感染 Usually in finishing 通常发生在育肥猪 Morbidity 60% 发病率为60 Mortality 2% to 4% 死亡率为2至4 May be totally asymptomatic 也许所有的猪并不表现症状 Usually associated with serotype 7 and maybe 12-less commonly with 5,1 通常与血清型7和12有关血清5、1型较少 Signs 症状 Very few signs 几乎没有症状 Usually some coughing in adults and labored breathing 成年猪通常有一定程度的咳嗽，呼吸困难 Unexpected death 无先兆的死亡,2019,-,6,Diagnosis 诊断,Clinical signs 临床症状 Necropsy 尸体剖检 Isolation of organism 病原体分离 Serotypification may be done directly from lungs by coagglutination 血清型鉴别可直接用协同凝集试验检测肺,2019,-,7,Lesions 损伤,50% to 90% lung involved 肺的50至90受累及 Congestion 充血 Friable tissue 组织变脆 Focal necrosis 局灶性坏死 Fibrinous pleuritis纤维素性胸膜炎 Pericarditis 心包炎 Pleural fluid 胸膜积液,2019,-,8,Histopathology 组织病理学,Hemorrhage vasculitis 出血血管炎 Edema 水肿 Necrosis 坏死,2019,-,9,Lung from a field case of PRRSV and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae coinfection 混合感染猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒和胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的自然病例的肺,2019,-,10,App with pleuritis 胸膜肺炎放线杆菌感染的胸膜炎,2019,-,11,2019,-,12,2019,-,13,Treatment 治疗,Only Injectables 仅注射 Penicillin 青霉素 Many different forms 一些不同的剂型 10000 IU/lb 1000国际单位/磅 Test for susceptibility 药敏试验 Tiamulin泰妙菌素 Can be used orally 可以口服 Very good activity 药物活性很强 Spectinomycin 壮观霉素 Cephalosporin 头孢菌素 Excellent 效果非常好 Expensive 昂贵,2019,-,14,Control with vaccination疫苗接种控制,Vaccine 疫苗 need to be serotype specific 需要特异的血清型 Oil-Adjuvanted Bacterins given IM 肌内注射油佐剂菌苗 Protect against death and some lesions 能控制死亡和一定程度的损伤 Improve ADG-F/G 可提高 日增重料肉比 They sometimes produce granulomas visible at slaughter 在屠宰会发现有些产生了肉芽肿 Limited cross-serotype protection 有限的血清型的交叉保护 Oil-Adjuvanted Intraperitoneal 油佐剂腹膜液 Stimulate stronger immunity刺激产生更强的免疫力 Less granulomas/abscesses产生较少的肉芽肿/脓肿 Rarely used很少被使用 Bacterins with Hemolysin 含有溶血素的菌苗 These show promise, hemolysin is missing in most commercial bacterins 这些要经过允许，大多数商业菌苗里缺少溶血素 Licensed hemolysin - enriched bacterins are already available 许可的溶血素强化的菌苗已可使用 They may have severe secondary reactions 可能会有严重的继发反映,2019,-,15,Control with management 管理控制,Reduce transmission 减少传播 Solid partitions between pens 猪舍之间要分割开 Reduce mixing 减少混养 All in-all out 全进全出 Offsite systems effectively control the disease厂区外的系统可有效地控制该病,2019,-,16,后面内容直接删除就行 资料可以编辑修改使用 资料可以编辑修改使用 资料仅供参考，实际情况实际分析,感谢您的观看和下载,The user can demonstrate on a projector or computer, or print the presentation and make it into a film to be used in a wider field,Eradication difficult, but possible 根除的难度，但是是可以的,Depopulate nursery and finishing (maybe only nursery?) 减群保育猪和育肥猪（也许仅保育猪？） Feed hig