英语陷阱题3——代词.doc

英语陷阱题 - 9 - 英语陷阱题英语陷阱题代词代词 【例题例题】 1. _ with any common sense can tell the difference between the two. A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. Who ever 容易误选 B。 最佳答案为 C。有的同学误选 B 主要是因为受 以下这类句子的影响： Whoever comes will be welcome. 任何人来都欢迎。 Whoever wants the book may have it. 任何人要这书都可拿去。 Whoever gets the job will have a lot of work. 谁要是得到这份工作就有很多事要做。 以上三句中 whoever 引导的均为主语从句，其中的 whoever 均可换成 anyone who，但是不能换成 anyone。以上试题从表面上看，与以上各例很相似， 其实它们有本质的不同，即 _ with any common sense 中没有谓语动词，所以我们不能选 whoever。此题的正确答案为 C，anyone 为句子主 语，with any common sense 为修饰 anyone 的定 语。现将此题稍作改动如下，答案选 B： _ has any common sense can tell the difference between the two. A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. Who ever 2. The dictionary is really useful. Every boy and girl _ it and they each _ to buy one. A. like, want B. likes, wants C. likes, want D. like, wants 容易误选 D。认为前面一空填复数动词，因为 其主语是 boy and girl，为复数；第二空填单数动词， 因为其前有 each，表示“每一个”。 事实上，此题应选 C。因为按英语习惯， every 后接两个并列的单数名词作主语时，谓语动词 要用单数，即第一空填 likes；而第二空要填复数动 词 want，是因为其前的主语是 they 而不是 each（each 为主语的同位语）。 3. Everyone knows that Canada is larger than _ country in Asia. A. any B. any other C. other D. another 容易误选 B。选择的依据是以下大家熟悉的句 型(其中的 other 不可省略)： He is taller than any other student in our class. 他是我们班最高的。 English is more widely used in international intercourse than any other language today. 现今英语在国际交往中比其他任何语言用得都广。 但是上面一题与这类句子有所不同。这类句型 到底该不该加 other，主要应看所谈论的对象是否在 比较的范围之内：若在范围之内，则用 other (以排 除自己与自己比较)；若不在范围之内，则不用 other。比较下面一题： China is larger than _ country in Asia. A. any B. any other C. other D. another 此题应选 B，因为 China 在 Asia 的范围之内。假 若选 A，则表示“中国比亚洲的任何国家都大”，而中 国本身也是亚洲国家，由此则得出“中国比中国大”的 荒谬结论。而选 B，则表示“中国比亚洲任何其他国家 要大”，这才合乎事实。 4. “What do you think of them?” “I dont know _ is better, so Ive taken _ of them.” A. what, both B. what, none C. which, both D. which, none 几个干扰均有可能误选。 最佳答案为 C。做好此题的关键是要注意句中 的 better 一词，由于 better 用的是比较级，说明 比较的对象应是两者，由此可推知第二空应填 both；另一方面，由于所谈论的是两者，说明选择范 围比较窄、比较明确，所以第一空应填 which。 5. “Would you like a cup of coffee or a glass of beer?” “_ will do, but milk is _ popular with me.” A. Neither, not B. Both, more C. Either, the most D. All, the most 很容易误选 B，因为前文提到 coffee 和 beer 为两者，所以有的同学就认为应选 both 和 more 与之对应(more 为比较级，指两者比较)。 做对此题的关键是要注意到下文提到的 milk 既不是 coffee 也不是 beer，而是除这两者外的第 三者，故第二空应填 the most，即此题最佳答案为 C。 6. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _ it was? A. where B. what C. how D. which 此题答案选 D，主要与上文的 some book or other (某一本书)这一语境有关，全句句意为：“我在某一本 英语陷阱题 - 10 - 书上读到过它，是哪一本书这很重要吗?”看类似试题： (1) “Who told you?” “Oh, somebody or other, Ive forgotten _.” A. what B. when C. which D. who 此题最佳答案为 D。句意为：“谁告诉你的？”“噢，有 个人，我忘记是哪一个了。” (2) Some of the students were late for the meeting, but I cant remember _. A. what B. when C. which D. whom 此题最佳答案为 C。句意为“有些学生开会迟到了，但 我不记得是哪些学生了”。 7. These trousers are dirty and wet Ill change into my _. A. another B. trousers C. others D. other 容易误选 A、B。 最佳答案为 C。是从语法上看，another 后通 常接单数名词，而不接 trousers 这样的复数名词 （若用 another pair 则可以）；也不能选 trousers 是因为填它句子意思不通。最佳答案应选 C，others 相当于 other trousers，其中的 other 与前面的 these 相对照。 8. Her lecture was hard to follow because she kept jumping from one subject to _. A. other B. the other C. the others D. another 容易误选 B。选择依据可能是 one the other 这一常用结构。 最佳答案为 D。使用 one the other 时， 我们通常是针对两者而言的，即指“两者中的一 个，另一个”；如果所谈论的情况不是针对两者 而言的，而是针对多者而言的，那么我们就不宜在 one 后使用 the other，而考虑用 another。又如 (答案均选 D，即选 another)： (1) Those cakes look delicious. Could I have _ one? A. other B. the other C. the others D. another (2) I have many such novels. Ill bring _ tomorrow. A. other B. the other C. the others D. another (3) Saying is one thing and doing is _. A. other B. the other C. the others D. another 比较以下各例： (1) Shut _ eye, Jim. A. another B. some other C. other D. the other 答案选 D，因为人的眼睛只有两只，故用 one the other 结构。 (2) Its sometimes hard to tell one twin from _. A. another B. some other C. other D. the other 答案选 D，twin 意为“孪生子之一”、“双胞胎之一”， 即指两者之一，故用 one the other 这一结构。 9. There are four bedrooms, _ with its own bathroom. A. all B. each C. every D. either 此题容易误选 A，认为既然前面出现了 four bedrooms，故填 all 与之对应。其实，此题的最佳 答案应为 B，原因是空格后的隐藏信息 its，它表示 空格处应填一个单数代词，但是不能选 C，因为 every 不能这样单独使用。 10. “Its said that he is a wise leader.” “Oh, no, he is _ but a wise leader.” A. anything B. anyone C. anybody D. anywhere 容易误选 B、C。因为句子主语指人，似乎只 有 B、C 才与之一致。 其实，正确答案应选 A。因为 anything but 是习语，意为“根本不是”或“一点也不”，不仅可用于 事物，也可用于人。如： Ill do anything but that. 我绝不会干那种事。 The party was anything but a success. 晚会根本不成功。 Her father was anything but a poet. 她父亲根本不是诗人。 Such a man was anything but a hero. 那样的人绝不算英雄。 11. Tell _ you like it makes no difference to me. A. anyone B. who C. whoever D. what 容易从中文字面来理解而误选 A 或 B。 最佳答案选 C。但若将 A, B 两项合起来，即 用 anyone who 这样的形式则也可以。选 C，whoever 引导一个宾语从句，用作动词 tell 的宾 语。看以下类似试题： (1) _ comes is welcome. A. Anyone B. Who C. Anyone who D. Everyone 英语陷阱题 - 11 - 此题很容易误选 A，因为从汉语意思来分析，可理解 为“任何人来都欢迎”，但若选 A，此句的结构是混乱 的，句中有两个谓语动词 comes 和 is，但却只是一 个句子。此题应选 C，anyone 是句子主语，who comes 是修饰 anyone 的定语从句。 (2) _ comes to see me, tell him Im out. A. Anyone B. Who C. Whoever D. Everyone 此题很容易按汉语意思误选 A，其实应选 C。whoever 引导的是让步状语从句，相当于 no matter who。 (3) Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 此题不能选 A，假若选 A，应在其后加上 who，即用 anyone who；也不能选 B，一是因为空格处应填一个 作主语的词(因为其后有谓语动词 shares)，二是因 为在现代英语中 whomever 这个词已基本废除 (也 就是说，在现代英语中 whoever 既用作主语，也用 作宾语，如：Give it to whoever you see in the meeting-room. 你在会议室里看见谁就把它给谁)； 也不能选 D，因为 no matter who 只用于引导让步 状语从句，不用于引导名词性从句。此题正确答案为 C，whoever 在此相当于 anyone who。 比较下例，答案应选 A，而不是 B、C 或 D(注意句意)： It was a matter of _ would take the position. A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever 12. The teacher told us that the problem was not _ easy and that we should think _ over carefully. A. such, it B. that, it C. such, 不填 D. that，不填 容易根据汉语字面意思误选 C。 最佳答案选 B。第一空填 that，that 用作副 词，相当于 so，又如： Is it always that hot? 总那么热吗?（其中的 that hot 可以换成 so hot，但不能换成 such hot） I can only tell you that much. 我只能告诉你这么多。 （其中的 that much 可以换成 so much，但不能换 成 such much） 注意第一空不能填 such，因为 such 不用作副词，即 它不用于修饰形容词。 另外，汉语中说“好好想一想”，通常可以不带宾语， 但英语中的 think over 是及物动词，如果用它来表 示“好好想一想”，应根据上下文的语境让它带上适当 的宾语，所以本题应用 think it over，相当于 think the problem over。 13. The camera isnt good enough; I want to change _. A. another B. a good one C. it with another D. it for another 容易根据汉语字面意思误选 A、B。 此题最佳答案为 D。英语中的 change sth 表 示的是“换某物”，sth 是被换的东西，而 change sth for sth else 表示的才是“用某物换另一物”。比 较： That coat was too large and I had to change it. 那件外套太大了，我得去换一件。 That coat was too large and I had to change it for a smaller one. 那件外套太大了，我得去换一件 小一点的。 14. I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 此题容易误选 B，生搬硬套不定代词用法规 则：something 用于肯定句，anything 用于否定句 或疑问句。 其实此题应选 A，注意前文的 I agree with most of what you said(我同意你说的大部分内容)， 其后的 not 与 everything 构成部分否定，意为“不 是所有的都同意”，前后两部分用转折连词 but 连接， 语气通顺、连贯。请看一个类似的例子： _ likes money, but money is not _. A. Everyone, everything B. Anyone, anything C. Someone, nothing D. Nobody, everything 最佳答案选 A，句意为“大家都喜欢钱，但钱不是万 能的”。 15. “Is there _ here?” “No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave.” A. anybody B. everybody C. somebody D. nobody 此题容易误选 A。认为这是一般疑问句，要 用 anybody。 其实此题应选 B，主要与上下文的语境有关。 全文语境为：“大家都到齐了吗？”“没有，Bob 和 Tim 两人请假了。”假若我们将此题作如下变换，则 情形就会有所不同： “Is there _ here?” “Yes, Im upstairs. Please come and help me.” 英语陷阱题 - 12 - A. anybody B. everybody C. somebody D. nobody 此题的最佳答案应是 A，而不是 B。再看一例： “Do you have _ at home now, Mary?” “No, we still have to get some fruit and tea.” A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 答案选 C，句意为“玛丽，现在家里东西都准备齐了吗？ ”“还没有，我们还要买些水果和茶。” 16. “If you want a necklace, Ill buy one for you at once.” “Oh, no. A necklace is not _ that I need most. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything 此题容易误选 A，机械地套用以下规则： something 用于肯定句，anything 用于否定句或疑 问句。 当然以上规则在通常情况下是有效的，但此句 不属通常用法。此题的最佳答案应是 B，something 在此的意思不是“某种东西”，而是指“那种东西”或“这 种东西”，即心中最想要的那种东西(相当于 the thing)。同样地，下面几题的最佳答案也是 something，而不是 anything： (1) Its not _ that we want to talk about; lets change the subject. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything (2) Its not _ I enjoy; I do it purely out of a sense of duty. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything (3) Self-control is not _ that comes with your birth. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything (4) This is not _ that would disturb me anyway. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything 17. Some say one thing, but _. A. other, another B. others, another C. others, the other D. the others, others 几个干扰项均有可能误选。 最佳答案选 B。but others another 为 but others say another 之省略。在并列句中，若后面 分句与前面分句有相同的词，常把后一分句中的相同 部分给省略掉，以避免重复。如： One soldier was killed and another wounded. 有一 名士兵被打死，另一名被打伤。(wounded 前省略了 was) I work in a factory and my brother on a farm. 我 在工厂工作，我弟弟在农场工作。(on a farm 前省 略了 works) My room is on the second floor and his on the third. 我的房间在三楼，他的房间在四楼。（on the third 前省略了 is） 18. He is a hard-working student, _ who will be successful in whatever career he chooses. A. that B. he C. one D. which 几个干扰项均有可能误选。 此题答案选 C，one 相当于 a student。类似 地，以下各题也选 one，它们分别相当于 a table, a break, a question, a Mexican carpet, a moment： (1) A table made of steel costs more than _ made of wood. A. one B. it C. those D. which (2)“Why dont we take a little break?” “Didnt we just have _?” A. it B. that C. one D. this (3) The question is _ of great importance. A. that B. it C. one D. what (4) She wants a Mexican carpet, but she cant afford to buy _. A. one B. it C. them D. the one (5) Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _ I will always treasure. A. that B. one C. it D. what 【练习练习】 1. Toms mother always told him not to smoke again, but _ didnt help. A. he B. it C. which D. as 选 B，it 指前面提到的情况。由于句中用了并列连词 but，所以不能选 C。当然，若去掉空格前的 but，则 可选 C 2. Both teams were in hard training; _ was willing to lose the game. A. either B. neither C. another D. the other 选 B，因是 both teams，即谈论的是两者，因此可 锁定 A 和 B；从语境上看，应选 B，即双方都不愿输 3. There he pointed to _ looked like a stone and said thats _ you had to carry home. A. that, that B. what, what 英语陷阱题 - 13 - C. which, what D. as, which 选 B。即两空均填 what，第一个 what 相当于 something that；第二个 what 相当于 the thing that 4. I know nothing about the accident except _ I read in the paper. A. that B. for C. what D. 不填 选 C，what 在句中用作动词 read 的宾语 5. Energy is _ makes one work. A. what B. something C. anything D. that 选 A，what 相当于 something that 6. Dont go to _ places where there is no fresh air. A. such B. so C. those D. which 选 C，但容易误选 A。按英语习惯，受 such 修饰的 名词后跟定语从句时，引导定语从句的关系词一般只 能是 as，而不能是 that, which, who, where 等。如： Such women as knew him thought he was charming. 认识他的女人都认为他很有魅力。此句中 的 as 就不能换成 that 或 who，若要使用 that 或 who，则需将 such 换掉，如说成 Those women who knew Tom thought he was charming 7. The classroom is almost empty, where is _? A. someone B. anyone C. everyone D. no one 选 C，句意为“教室几乎是空的，大家都到哪里去了？ ” 8. Im afraid we cant have coffee; theres _ left. A. nothing B. none C. no one D. no any 选 B，nothing 指“什么也没有”；none 指数量上的 “一点(个)也没有”。注：回答 how much 和 how many 时要用 none，而不用 nothing，道理同此 9. _ worries me is _ were going to pay for all this. A. It, that B. That, how C. What, how D. As, that 选 C，what worries me 为主语从句，且 what 在主 语从句中用作主语 10. He just does _ he pleases and never thinks about anyone else. A. that B. what C. which D. how 选 B。从句意推知 11. _ of you comes first will get the ticket. A. Which B. Whichever C. Who D. Whatever 选 B 最佳，因 who 后通常不接表示范围的 of 短语， 故不宜选 C；若选 A，则句型不对；若选 D，则语义 不通 12. His income is double _ it was five years ago. A. that B. which C. as D. what 选 D，what 相当于 the amount that 13. If you want a friend, youll find _ in me. A. one B. it C. that D. him 选 A，one 在此相当于 a friend 14. Oh, how beautiful it is! I like _ better. A. everything B. anything C. nothing D. something 选 C，I like nothing better 相当于 Its the best thing I like 15. Do you know _ friends are coming to our party? A. whose elses B. whos else C. whose else D. who elses 选 D。else 可放在 who, what, where, how, why 等 疑问词之后，但习惯上不放在 which 之后，而且在一 般情况下也不用在 whose 后，遇此情况可用 who elses，如： Who elses fault could it be? 这会是其他什么人的 错吗? 但是，若其后不修饰名词，有时也可用 whose else。 如： Whose else could it be? 这会是其他什么人的吗? 16. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. No matter who 选 C。其余三者均不能引导主语从句。whoever 在此 相当于 anyone who 17. Jane hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A. whomever B. anyone C. whoever D. no matter who 选 C。whoever shares her interests 用作介词 of 的宾语，同时 whoever 又用作谓语动词 shares 的语 18. Some friends tried to settle the quarrel between Mr