2018年中考英语真题分类汇编题型2完形真空专项训练四哲理故事含解析.docx

时间：710分钟/篇分值：1分/小题Cloze 1(2018济宁)Once there was a king. He was wise but everyone was afraid of him. His face showed the sadness deep in his heart. So there were deep_1_ lines(皱纹)on his face.In his country lived a beautiful girl.Everyone seemed to love her, so did the king. He wanted to_2_ her，and finally he decided to speak to her of his love. After he dressed in his best clothes, he looked in the _3_， but he saw a hard face，_4_ when he tried to smile.“How about wearing a mask(面具)？” he thought. Then he ordered his magician to paint a mask that looked kind and happy and handsome. The magician_5_ and said：“But you must keep your own face in the same lines that I paint and be kind to all people from your heart. If not, the mask will break.” The mask looked so_6_ that no one knew it was not the true face of the king. Months passed, the beautiful lady got married to the king, and the king treated everyone_7_ to keep the mask from breaking.At last, the king didnt want to cheat his beautiful wife any more._8_ he asked the magician to take the mask off. Surprisingly, he found his face was just like the mask he had worn for so long!This story tells us that a man is what he is in his heart.()1. A. uglyB. kindC. beautifulD. peaceful()2. A. love B. hate C. kill D. marry()3. A. wall B. door C. mirror D. window()4. A. yet B. even C. just D. still()5. A. looked B. refused C. agreed D. laughed()6. A. sad B. happy C. natural D. serious()7. A. badly B. kindly C. coldly D. differently()8. A. So B. Or C. But D. HoweverCloze 2(2018攀枝花)Once there was a lovely vegetable field with a very big tree in it. Both the vegetables and the tree made the garden look wonderful.In fact, the vegetables and the tree couldnt get on well with _1_. The vegetables disliked the tree because they thought the tree didnt leave them enough _2_ by covering them with its thick leaves, while the tree thought that the vegetables drank nearly all the water before it could reach him.The situation became worse and worse. One day the vegetables decided to _3_ all the water in the ground so that the tree would dry up. The tree fought back by refusing to offer the vegetables shade (树荫). Soon they both began to dry up under the hot sun.Neither of them expected that the gardener would stop _4_ his vegetable field because he thought it was _5_ to save the vegetables. When the gardener did that, the tree and the vegetables really felt how _6_ they were. There seemed to be no way to solve the problem. Then a small pumpkin decided to do something to change the situation. The small pumpkin did all he could to grow _7_ there was little water and it was too hot.Finally, the gardener _8_ the growing pumpkin among the dying vegetables._9_， he started to water the field again because he still wanted to make a(n)_10_ to get the beautiful pumpkin. At the same time, the tree and the vegetables were saved. Since then, they realized that it was better to help each other than to fight, and they lived in harmony with other plants.()1. A. other plants B. the gardener C. each other D. the pumpkin()2. A. light B. water C. air D. wind()3. A. look up B. use up C. pick up D. put up()4. A. picking B. growing C. planting D. watering()5. A. hopeless B. important C. hopeful D. necessary()6. A. angry B. hungry C. thirsty D. comfortable()7. A. so B. though C. but D. and ()8. A. watched B. knew C. harvested D. noticed()9. A. Therefore B. However C. Besides D. Also()10. A. decision B. idea C. effort D. chanceCloze 3(2018西宁)When I was in the third grade, I was picked to be the princess in the school play.For weeks my mother helped me _1_ my sentences. But once during a performance, every word _2_ from my head. My teacher asked me to change roles and be the narrator (解说员). Though I didnt tell my mother what had _3_ that day, she felt my _4_ and asked if I wanted to take a walk in the yard.It was a lovely spring day. We could see dandelions (蒲公英) coming out through the grass, just like a painter had touched our woods and fields with bits of gold. I watched my mother carelessly bend down (弯腰) _5_ some flowers. “I think I am going to dig up all the wild grass，” she said. “But I like dandelions, all flowers are beautifuleven dandelions！” I said. My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower shines in _6_ own way. And that is true of people, too，” she said. She had guessed my pain. I started to cry and told her the _7_. “You will be a beautiful narrator，” she said, _8_ me of how much I loved to read stories aloud to her.Over the next few weeks, I learned to take _9_ in the role. The big day finally came. A few minutes before the play, my teacher came over to me. “Your mother asked me to give this to you，” she said, handing me a _10_. After the play, I took the flower home, laughing that I was perhaps the only person who would keep such wild grass.()1. A. write B. listen C. practice D. teach()2. A. disappeared B. spread C. forgot D. left()3. A. done B. happened C. gone D. made ()4. A. illness B. fearlessness C. kindness D. unhappiness()5. A. by B. for C. with D. at()6. A. it B. its C. its D. it is()7. A. memory B. discovery C. truth D. accident()8. A. reminding B. thinking C. reminded D. thought()9. A. action B. turns C. risks D. pride()10. A. note B. dandelion C. sunflower D. dictionaryCloze 4(2018咸宁)Once upon a time there lived a wise king who wanted to marry off his favorite daughter. He_1_ how he could find the right person. Finally, the king had an _2_. He decided to hold a contest (比赛)to decide which gentleman would achieve this great honor. The king ordered that anyone _3_ wanted to marry the princess must report to the palace. To win his daughter, a man must fill up a whole room with a(an) _4_ thing very quickly.The first brave man arrived at the palace. He brought bags full of feathers. With great _5_， he started to fill the large room with feathers, but time ran out and he failed.The next day, _6_ young man tried to quickly fill the room, this time with beautiful silk. Time ran out again, and he left the palace _7_The contest went on day after day. _8_ contestants hoped to pass the test but no one _9_. The king began to lose heart. Wasnt anyone in the kingdom qualified(有资格的) to marry the beautiful princess?One day, a young man arrived at the palace emptyhanded. The king wondered how this man planned to win the contest. Entering the room, the young man _10_ the lights. He reached into his pocket, got a small _11_ and lit it. In no time, the light filled the whole room.The king was very happy because he had found the perfect match for his lovely daughter.To get through a problem, sometimes we must _12_ the way were thinking about it. We need to reeducate ourselves by looking at the problem in a different way.()1. A. surprised B. wondered C. hoped D. recognized()2. A. opinion B. impression C. idea D. opportunity()3. A. whom B. who C. which D. why()4. A. expensive B. cheap C. heavy D. light()5. A. confidence B. doubt C. shame D. sadness()6. A. the other B. another C. any other D. other()7. A. disappointed B. happilyC. excited D. freely()8. A. Hundred B. Hundred of C. Hundreds D. Hundreds of()9. A. success B. succeeded C. successful D. successfully()10. A. put off B. put up C. put out D. put down()11. A. candle B. ice C. stone D. gold()12. A. follow B. change C. turn D. make,小词典)1. line n. 皱纹 2. mask n. 面具3. shade n树荫4. narrator n. 解说员 5. dandelion n蒲公英 6. bend down 弯腰 7. contest n比赛 8. qualified adj. 有资格的 专项训练四 哲理故事Cloze 1【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了一位聪明却内心悲伤的国王为了娶到一个美丽的姑娘，要求别人为他做一副面具。做面具的魔术师要求他戴上面具后也要善待别人。当他摘下面具后，依然像戴着面具时一样和蔼可亲。1. A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。ugly丑陋的；kind善良的；beautiful美丽的；peaceful平静的。根据空后语境可知他脸上有深深的皱纹，应该是“丑陋的”，故选A。2. D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。love爱；hate讨厌；kill杀死；marry娶，和结婚。根据后面“.speak to her of his love.”可知选D。3. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。wall墙；door门；mirror镜子；window窗子。句意：他穿上最漂亮的衣服后，在里看自己。结合常识可知是在镜子里看自己，故选C。 4. B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是他看见了一张痛苦的脸，当他努力微笑时。yet仍然，还；even甚至；just仅仅，只；still仍然，还。结合语境可知此处表程度加深，故选B。 5. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：魔术师并说道。looked看；refused拒绝；agreed同意；laughed大笑。结合下文可知这里表示同意，故选C。6. C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：面具看起来如此以至于没有人知道那不是国王的本来面目。sad伤心的；happy高兴的；natural自然的；serious严肃的。结合语境可知选C。7. B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：国王为了不让自己的面具破裂，他对待所有人都很 。badly坏地；kindly和蔼地；coldly冷淡地；differently不同地。结合语境知可选B。8. A【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：最后，这个国王不想再欺骗他的妻子了。让魔术师摘下他的面具。So因此，所以；Or或者，否则；But但是；However然而。前后句为因果关系，故选A。Cloze 2【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了在一块蔬菜地里，蔬菜和一棵树为了各自的利益互不相让，结果两败俱伤。一个南瓜通过自己的举动让他们懂得了谦让及和谐相处的重要性。1. C【解析】考查相互代词each other的用法。根据下一句可知蔬菜和树彼此相处不融洽。故选C。2. A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：蔬菜不喜欢树，因为他们认为树没有留给他们足够的。light光；water水；air空气；wind风。由空后“.by covering them with its thick leaves.”可知树厚厚的叶子遮住了光线，故选A。3. B【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，蔬菜决定地里所有的水让树枯死。look up往上看，查询；use up用光，用尽；pick up 拾起，捡起；put up 贴上。由下文“.so that the tree would dry up.”可知蔬菜决定把所有的水都用光，让树枯死。故选B。4. D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都不希望园丁停止 他的蔬菜地。picking采摘；growing生长；planting种植；watering浇水。由后半句“because he thought it was 5 to save the vegetables.”和最后一段中“.he started to water the field again.”他重新开始给那块地浇水可知，园丁之前停止了给蔬菜地浇水。故选D。5. A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为他认为拯救蔬菜是。hopeless毫无希望的；important重要的；hopeful充满希望的；necessary必要的。从前文 “Soon they both began to dry up under the hot sun.”可以看出拯救他们是毫无希望了。故选A。6. C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当园丁停止浇水后，树和蔬菜才真的感受到他们有多么。angry生气的；hungry饥饿的；thirsty口渴的；comfortable舒适的。由常识可知没有被浇水，树和蔬菜会感到口渴。故选C。7. B【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：天气很热又没有水，小南瓜尽自己一切可能去生长。so因此；though虽然；but但是；and和。这里是表示让步关系，故选B。8. D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，园丁在一群濒临死亡的蔬菜中长势很好的小南瓜。watched注视；knew知道，懂得；harvested收获；noticed注意到。由前文可知园丁本来都放弃了这片蔬菜地，然而拼命生长的小南瓜引起了园丁的注意。故选D。9. A【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：，他重新开始浇地。Therefore因此，表因果；However 然后，表转折；Besides此外，表递进；Also也，表补充。由上文可知园丁发现南瓜长势好，所以决定继续给蔬菜地浇水。这是因果关系。故选A。10. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他仍想去收获一个美丽的南瓜。decision决定；idea主意；effort努力；chance机会。make an effort to do sth. 努力做某事。故选C。Cloze 3【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是“我”在学校演戏剧的经历，起初饰演公主，后因忘词而改为旁白，因此而闷闷不乐。通过蒲公英告诉我一个道理：即使再普通的东西也会造就伟大。在母亲的鼓励下，我将旁白这个角色做得很好。1. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：母亲用了好几周帮助我我的台词。write写；listen听；practice练习；teach教。因为演戏剧是需要练习台词的。故选C。2. . A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是一次在表演中，每一个词从我的头脑中。disappeared消失；spread传播；forgot忘记；left离开。根据语境及下句“My teacher asked me to change roles and be the narrator(解说员)”可知老师给她换了角色，是因为她总忘词，再结合句中“from”可知“disappeared”最符合语境。故选A。3. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我没有告诉我妈妈那天所的事情，她感觉到了我的并问我是否想到院子里走一走。done做；happened发生；gone去；made制作。根据语境可知，妈妈觉察到了发生了什么。故选B。4. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。illness疾病；fearlessness无畏，勇敢；kindness善良；unhappiness不高兴。根据语境及句意可知“我”因角色变化而表现出的不高兴，妈妈都看在了眼里。故选D。5. A【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我看到我妈妈不经意地弯下腰一些花。by通过，在旁边；for对于；with用；at在某个时间或时刻。根据句意可知是妈妈在一些花旁边弯下腰。故选A。6. B【解析】考查代词的用法。句意：是的，每一朵花以自己的方式绽放着。it它；its它的，是形容词性/名词性物主代词；its它是(it is或is has的缩写形式)；it is它是。分析句子结构可知此处缺少可修饰名词的形容词性物主代词。故选B。7. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始哭并告诉她。memory记忆；discovery发现；truth真相；accident事故。根据句意及语境可知“我”把真相告诉了妈妈，说出了自己不高兴的事情。故选C。8. A【解析】考查动词词义辨析及非谓语动词。句意：我是多么爱给她大声地朗读故事。reminding提醒；thinking认为；reminded提醒；thought认为。分析句子成分可知此处应填现在分词作伴随状语，再结合句意可知答案。故选A。9. D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个星期里，我学会了以这个角色为。action行动；turns轮流；risks冒险；pride骄傲。take pride in是固定短语，“以为骄傲”。再结合语境(妈妈对她一直的鼓励，如上文中的句子“You will be a beautiful narrator.”)可知答案。故选D。10. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说着并递给我一。note便条；dandelion蒲公英；sunflower向日葵；dictionary字典。根据语境及文中下句“After the play, I took the flower home.”可知妈妈送来的应是蒲公英。故选B。Cloze 4【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了一位国王为他的女儿选驸马的故事。文章告诉我们，有时候我们改变一下思维方式，就会成功。1. B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他 怎样才能找到合适的人。surprised使惊讶；wondered想知道；hoped希望；recognized认出。根据后半句“怎样才能找到合适的人”可知他是想知道，故选B。2. C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，这个国王有一个。opinion观点；impression印象；idea想法；opportunity机会。根据后句“He decided to hold a contest(比赛)to decide which gentleman would achieve this great honor.”可知他有了一个想法，故选C。3. B【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：国王