多相电机论文电动汽车用容错永磁同步电机的研究.doc

多相电机论文：电动汽车用容错永磁同步电机的研究【中文摘要】随着电动汽车对可靠性和容错性能要求的不断提高,传统的三相电机难以满足这些要求,多相电机在能够满足电动汽车对可靠性苛刻要求的同时还有着高功率密度、低转矩波动的优势。本文研究的多相容错电机可以作为下一代电动汽车的高性能动力执行方案,而且还可以推广应用到舰船推进以及航空航天等领域。首先分析了容错电机的特点,明确电机的基本设计原则;综合考虑多种因素确定电机的相数,研究多相电机的基本原理,研究基于磁路法的多相电机电磁设计方法,通过建立有限元模型验证设计方法的正确性。其次研究了基于有限元计算结果的电感参数计算方法,考虑交叉磁化对电感参数的影响,给出计算流程,研究饱和时交叉磁化现象对电机电感参数的影响。接下来针对多相电机对转矩密度及转矩波动的特殊要求,选择合适的绕组排布方式,研究了极弧系数,充磁方向以及槽口宽度对电机性能的影响,由此确定电机的最优设计方案,并且对电机在全速度范围内的电磁性能进行分析。进一步分析电机在一相开路,两相开路以及一相短路下的转矩输出能力,使用相量法对故障下的转矩波动根源进行研究。最后研究了气隙磁动势中的谐波分布情况,对次谐波在永磁体中造成的涡流损耗进行了研究,并提出减小永磁体中涡流损耗的有效办法。【英文摘要】To electric vehicles and other facilities who desire high reliability for the electric drive system, traditional three-phase machine could not meet the requirement. While multi-phase motor has the advantage of high power density and low torque ripple, also multi-phase motor could cover the rigorous requirement of electric vehicles for high reliability. This thesis is about multi-phase fault-tolerant motor , the motor can not only work as high performance electric drive system solutions for next generation of electric vehicles, but also can be popularized to ship propulsion, aerospace and other fields.First, characteristic of fault-tolerant motor was analyzed, and basic principle of fault-tolerant motor design was confirmed. Phase number was determined based on the balance of many factors, then basic electric and magnetic relations of the motor was deduced, considering all above conclusions the design method based magnetic circuit was proposed, then finite element method was used to verify correctness of the proposed method.Second, inductance parameter calculation method based on finite element analysis results was studied, the effect on inductance parameters due to cross magnetization was considered, and appreciate technical process about the inductance parameters calculation was proposed. Effect of inductance parameters due to cross magnetization was analyzed.Next, multi-phase motor has specific requirement of high power density and low torque ripple, so appropriate winding arrangement was chosen, after that, effect to the motor electric performance about the change of pole arc factor, magnetization direction and slit width was studied, optimal design of the motor was determined, and electric performance of the motor in full speed range was analyzed based on the optimal design model. Then, The electric torque performance was analyzed with the fault about one-phase open, two-phase open, and one-phase short-circuit, respectively. The origin of torque ripple in fault conditions was discussed using phasor method.At last, harmonic distribution of magnetomotive force (MMF) in air gap was analyzed, eddy-current loss in permanent magnets (PMs) due to subharmonic was studied, and effective method to decrease the eddy current loss in PMs was proposed.【关键词】多相电机 电动汽车 容错 转矩波动 涡流损耗【英文关键词】multiphase motor electric vehicles fault-tolerant torque ripple eddy-current loss【目录】电动汽车用容错永磁同步电机的研究摘要4-5Abstract5-6第1章 绪论10-201.1 课题背景及研究的目的和意义10-111.2 国内外发展现状综述11-191.2.1 英国纽斯卡尔大学的研究情况12-141.2.2 美国德州农工大学的研究情况14-151.2.3 美国威斯康辛大学麦迪逊分校的研究情况15-161.2.4 意大利帕多瓦大学的研究情况16-181.2.5 国内的研究情况18-191.3 本文的研究工作19-20第2章 多相永磁容错电机的方案选择20-392.1 多相永磁容错电机设计的基本原则20-212.2 多相永磁容错电机的电磁方案选择21-252.2.1 多相电机的相数选择212.2.2 通以对称正弦电流时五相绕组的磁动势21-242.2.3 五相容错永磁同步电机的极槽配合方案24-252.3 五相永磁同步电机的设计25-322.3.1 五相永磁同步电机的基本电磁关系25-272.3.2 五相永磁同步电机的主要参数确定27-302.3.3 电机有限元模型的建立30-322.4 电机的电感参数计算32-382.4.1 电感参数的计算方法33-342.4.2 电感参数的计算过程34-362.4.3 磁路饱和情况分析36-372.4.4 交叉磁化现象分析37-382.5 本章小结38-39第3章 五相永磁同步电机的优化设计39-543.1 引言393.2 绕组排布方式的确定39-443.2.1 分数槽绕组基本理论39-403.2.2 不同排布方式的对比分析40-443.3 结构参数对电机性能的影响44-493.3.1 极弧系数对电机性能的影响44-463.3.2 充磁方向对电机性能的影响46-473.3.3 槽口宽度对短路电流的影响47-493.4 不同工况下电机的性能分析49-533.4.1 转折速度下的电磁性能49-503.4.2 额定转速下的电磁性能50-513.4.3 最大转速下的电磁性能51-533.5 本章小结53-54第4章 五相永磁同步电机的容错运行分析54-704.1 引言544.2 电机容错运行能力的验证54-644.2.1 一相开路故障状态54-584.2.2 两相开路故障状态58-634.2.3 一相绕组短路故障状态63-644.3 转矩脉动产生机理分析64-694.3.1 一相开路故障状态66-674.3.2 两相开路故障状态67-684.3.3 一相短路故障状态68-694.3.4 转矩脉动的理论评估694.4 本章