高考名词性从句.doc

名词性从句在复合句（主句+ 从句）中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句分为主句从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。主语从句：作句子的主语。名词性从句引导词引导词的用法例句主语从句that 在从句中不作任何成分，没有实际意义，只起连接作用。一般不可省略。That the college will take in more new students this year is true.That you dont like studying math is none of my business.注意：it 做形式主语that从句做真正主语(1) It + 系动词+ adj. + that从句It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.It is obvious that youve made a big mistake.(2) It + 系动词+名词 + that从句It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.It is a pity that you didnt attend the evening party.(3) It + be + 过去分词 + that从句It is reported that no passengers were injured in the accident.It is announced that the plan has been successfully carried out.(4) 一些其他固定句型It occurred to him that he had forgotten to take his key.if/ whether在从句中不作任何成分，意为“是否”。不能省略。if 引导主语从句不能位于句首。Whether that is a good solution depends on how you look at it. Whether she will join us does not matter too much.= It doesnt matter too much whether/ if she will join us.Whether more countries can use these natural forms of energy in the future remains to be seen.连接代词who/whoever, whom/whomever, whose/whosever, what/whatever which/whichever等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，有实际意义。Whatever was said here was of great importance.What we cant get seems better than what we already have.Which football team will win the match is uncertain now.Who will go makes no difference.连接副词when, where, why, how, whenever, however, wherever等在从句中作时间、地点、原因或方式状语How he became rich overnight is still a puzzle.Where I will have my holiday is still unknown.When the sports meet will be held hasnt been decided.Why he did that wasnt quite clear.宾语从句：作句子的宾语名词性从句 引导词引导词的用法 例句宾语从句 that 在从句中不作任何成分，没有实际意义，只起连接作用。常可省略。Scientists explain that the outside of the earth is made up of a number of different platesThey believe that the best thing in life is freedom.He suggested you should turn to the teacher for help. if / whether在从句中不作任何成分，意为“是否”。不能省略。They wonder whether/ if they can win even more models next time.I havent decided if/ whether I will go on a trip to Paris.连接代词who/whoever, whom/whomever, whose/whosever, what/whatever which/whichever等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，有实际意义。A man can do what he wants, but not want what he wants.He cant decide which method he will use for the experiment.You can take whatever you think is useful.She didnt tell me whose umbrella it was.I will read whichever book you recommend.We wonder whom you invited to our English party.连接副词when, where, why, how, whenever, however, wherever等在从句中作时间、地点、原因或方式状语None of us knows where these new materials can be bought.Looking at the earth from space, we realize how small and insignificant we all are.The police asked the man when the accident happened.She explained to me why she had made great progress.注意：1. it作形式宾语，宾语从句位于句末。(1) 主语+ find/ feel/ think/ consider/ make/ believe/ guess/ suppose/ assume + it+ adj./ 名词短语+ 从句I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. He has made it a rule that he remembers 70 vocabularies every week.(2) 主语+ hate/ like/ take/ owe/ have/ takefor granted/ see to/ bear in mind it + when/ that 从句 I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food. We must bear it in mind that we are teachers all the time. 2. 介词后的宾语从句 She is always thinking of how she can do more for others. We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. 3. 形容词后的宾语从句(sure/ certain/ glad/ pleased/ happy/ afraid/ surprised/ satisfied/ sorry等)We are all pleased that we have overcome the difficulty once again.Im sure that they will make it in spite of the terrible weather. 4. 宾语从句用陈述语序。He didnt tell us where we were going to have this meeting.Has the policeman found out when she lost her car? 5. 宾语从句的否定转移。 think/ believe/ suppose/ expect/ fancy/ imagine 后的宾语从句的否定词转移到主句。即主句的谓语动词用否定式，从句的谓语动词用肯定式。 I dont expect that she will come on Sunday. We dont think he will agree our requirement.例外：I hope you werent ill.注意：以下情况只能用whether，不能用if1. 引导主语从句位于句首 Whether it is true remains a question.2. 引导表语从句 The question is whether it will rain.3. 引导同位语从句 There is a doubt whether he is fit for the job.4. 与or nor连用 Let me know whether you can come or not.5. 与动词不定式连用 I couldnt decide whether to do it next. I couldnt decide what to do next.6. 作介词的宾语从句 There has been no news about whether they have finished their work.表语从句：作句子的表语名词性从句引导词引导词的用法 例句表语从句(位于系动词之后，多为be动词)that在从句中不作任何成分，没有实际意义，只起连接作用。一般不省略The fact is that we should depend on ourselves.The reason for his absence is that he hasnt been informed.whether在从句中不作任何成分，意为“是否”。不能省略The point is whether it is worth doing.The problem is whether the air pollution can be controlled.The question remains whether my parents agree with me.连接代词who/whoever, whom/whomever, whose/whosever, what/whatever which/whichever在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，有实际意义。My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.Mr. White is whom he met at the conference.That is what he wants all the time.The problem is which method we shall use for our experiment.连接副词when, where, why, how, 等在从句中作时间、地点、原因或方式状语Struggle is where the significance of life lies.The difficulty was how he could prove his ideas to other scientists.That is why lots of Chinese people choose traditional Chinese medicine. The question is when we shall talk about our research plan.as if/ as though(位于动词seem/ appear/ feel/look/ taste/ sound)在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用。意为“好像”At that time, it seemed as though I couldnt think of the right word.It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. because在从句中不作任何成分, 只起连接作用。意为“因为”Thats just because he doesnt understand me.This is because two thirds of the earth is made up of vast oceans. 同位语从句：在句子中作某一名词的同位语，说明该名词的具体内容。常见名词有：idea, fact, news, evidence, hope, belief, thought, doubt, promise, suggestion, order, question, word(消息), rumor(谣言), possibility, statement(声明), notion(观念), dream, information, reply (答复), warning(警告), conclusion名词性从句引导词引导词的用法 例句同位语从句that在从句中不作任何成分，没有实际意义，只起连接作用。不能省略The news that our team had won the gold medal made us very happy.They expressed the hope that we would go and visit Shanghai again.He received the order that he should come back by the noon.whether在从句中不作任何成分，意为“是否”。不能省略We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.They always discuss the notion whether women should stay at home to look after their husbands and children.连接代词what/ who/ whom等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，有实际意义。I have no idea what has happened to him.The question who should go with me has not been settled.连接副词when, where, why, how, 等在从句中作时间、地点、原因或方式状语She has no idea how she should do next.We have no idea where we can spend our holiday.I have no idea why he was excited that time.2011高考题（2011山东卷 26I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why（2011山东卷 33Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it.A. where B. what . whether D. which（2011上海卷 35There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. whatB. ifC. howD. that（2011上海卷 38The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ others actually understand.A. why B. thatC. whichD. what（2011北京卷 22_Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. Which B. WhatC. ThatD. Whom（2011北京卷 31The shocking news mad me realize _terrible problems we would face. A. what B. howC. that D. why（2011江苏卷 26It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner. A. that B. how C. when D. why（2011辽宁卷 23Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _to read first. A. what B. who C. how D. why（2011辽宁卷 32When the news came _the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army. A. since B. which C. that D. because（2011天津卷 13Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases.A. what B. which C. that D. where（2011陕西卷 15Id like to start my own businessthats_ Id do if I had the money. A. why B. when C. which D. what (2011安徽卷33) His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _it is he is trying to express.A. that B. how C. who D. what (2011四川卷10) Our teachers always tell us to believe in _ we do and who we are if we want to succeed.A. why B. how C. what D. which (2011江西卷26) The villagers have already known _well do is to rebuild the bridge. A. this B. that C. what D. which（2011重庆卷 22It is still under discussion _the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.A. whether B. when C. which D. where（2011重庆卷 34It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life.A. whose B. what C. which D. that（2011湖南卷)31Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious _the problem itself is. A. what B. that C. which D. why2010高考题（2010福建We should respect food and think about the people who dont have _we have here and treat food nicely.A. that B. which C. what D. whether（2010湖南Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry.A. where B. whether C. that D. why （2010天津As a new graduate, he doesnt know it takes to start a business here.A. how B. what C. When D. which（2010北京 _ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A. Whether B. What C. That D. How（2010浙江How about camping this weekend, just for a change?OK, you want. A. whichever B. however C. whateverD. whoever（2010浙江It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A. that B. what C. how D. whether（2010上海One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A. that B. how C. what D. why（2010湖北The news _（房价将要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices. (fall)（2010山东Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. A. why B. what C. how D. which（2010上海When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know .A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is enteringC. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering（2010四川How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with, whether his friends or relatives. A. what B. who C. how D. why w（2010全国We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. A. that B. which C. what D. where（2010湖北I want to be liked and loved for I am inside. A. who B. where C. what D. how（2010全国Have you finished the book?-No, Ive read up to_the children discover the secret cave.A. which B. what C. that D. where（2010江苏I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. Thats_I dont agree. You should have a more active life.A. where B. how C. when D. what（2010北京Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life. A. what B. that C. why D. whether2009高考题（2009湖南She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever（2009江西The fact has worried many scientists _the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A. what B. which C. that D. though（2009北京At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see_it got any better.A. when B. how C. why D. if（2009全国ICould I speak to is in charge of International Sales please?A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever（2009四川News came from the school office _Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A. which B. what C. that D. where（2009海南One of the most important questions they had to consider was _of public healthA. what B. this C. that D. which（2009上海As a new diplomat, he often thinks of he can react more appropriately on such occasions.A. what B. which C. that D. how（2009天津It is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future.A. as B. which C. whether D. that（2009浙江Is there any possibility _ you could pick me up at the airport?No problem.A. WhenB. that C. whether D. what（2009重庆Weshouldconsiderthestudents request _ the school library provide more books on popular science.A. that B. when C. which D. where（2009江苏Many young people in the West are expected to leave _ could be lifes most important decisionmarriagealmost entirely up to luck.A. as B. that C. which D. what（2009陕西The how-to book can be of help to wants to do the job. A who B whomever C no matter who D whoever (09山东) The little girl who got lost decided to remain _she was and wait for her mother.A. where B. what C. how D. who (09北京卷30) The companies are working together to create_they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.A. which B. that C. what D. who (09天津卷12) The last time we had great fun was _ we were visiting the Water Park.A. where B. how C. when D. why 20082007高考题（2008安徽Students are always interested in finding out_ they can go with a new teacher.A. how far B. how soon C. how often D. how long（2008湖南When asked they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.A. what B. whyC. whom D. which（2008陕西Tomorrow is Toms birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held? A. what B. which C. that D. where（2008重庆People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how（2008浙江Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from _ their parents speak at home.A. what B. that C. which D. one（2008福建 is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.A. It B. WhatC. As D. Which（2008山东 was most important to her, she told me, was her family.A. ItB. ThisC. What D. As（2007全国matters most in learning English is enough practice.A. WhatB. WhyC. Where D. Which（2007天津The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands makeit is.A. whatB. whichC. how D. where（2007安徽You can only be sure ofyou have at present; you cannot be sure of somethingyou might get in the future.A. that; whatB. what; /C. which; thatD. /; that（2007湖南Having checked the doors were closed, andall the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.A. whyB.