介词又称前置词.doc

介词又称前置词，是一种虚词。介词不能单独做句子成分。介词后须接宾语，介词与其宾语构成介词短语。二、 常见介词的基本用法1、 about 关于Do you know something about Tom？What about this coat？怎么样2、 after 在之后Im going to see you after supper.Tom looked after his sick mother yesterday.（照看）3、 across 横过Can you swim across the river.4、 against 反对Are you for or against me?Nothing could make me turn against my country.（背叛）5、 along 沿着We walked along the river bank.6、 before 在之前I hope to get there before seven oclock.It looks as though it will snow before long.（不久）7、behind 在后面 The sun is hidden behind the clouds.8、by 到时 We had learned ten English songs by the end of last term.9、during 在期间 Where are you going during the holiday.10、except 除了 Everyone except you answered the question correctly.11、for 为了 The students are studying hard for the people.12、from 从 I come from Shanghai.13、in 在里 on 在上面 under在下面 There are two balls in/on/under the desk.14、near 在附近 We live near the park.15、of 的 Do you know the name of the winner.16、over 在正上方（离开物体的表面） There is a bridge over the river. Tom goes over his English every day.（复习）17、round/around 围绕 The students stand around the teacher.18、to 朝方向 Can you tell me the way to the cinema.19、towards朝着 The car is travelling towards Beijing.20、with 和一起 Would you like to go to the cinema with me?21、besides /except We have seen the crocodile besides Lifang.（除之外，还有）全部计算在内 We are all Chinese except Tom in our class.（除之外）不计算在内22、on /over/ above There is a boat on the desk（在某物面上，与此物接触。） There is a bridge over the river.（在某物正上方，与此物不接触，或横在某物上，或覆盖在某物上。）23、on/to/in Mongolia is on the north of china.（与中国接壤，不属于中国） Japan is to the east of china.（不属于中国，且不接壤） Taiwan is in the east of China.（台湾属于中国）24、since /forsince 表示从过去某一时间以来for 表示一段时间 I have been living here since 1982.（自1982年以来，我一直住在这里） I have been living here for 20 years.（我已经在这里住了20年了）25、despite = in spite of（介词） / although（连词）despite 是介词，后面接名词或动名词，不能跟句子although是连词，后面要跟句子。 Although I was ill yesterday, I still went to school.Despite failure in the exam, I still have a chance to win in the term.26、as /likeas 1）用作介词时意思为“作为，充当”如： She acted as an interpreter. 2）用作连词时 意思为“像一样；当，由于” As it was cold, I didnt go outside.like 用作介词，意思为像一样 John sings like a nightingale.27. 时间或地点介词in、on、at的用法区别：in表示在较长的时间里（如周月份季节年份世纪等）。如：in a week； in May； in springsummerautumnwinter； in 2008； in the 1990s等。 表示在上午、下午或晚上。如：in the morningafternoonevening。 in the daytime（在白天） 属于固定搭配，指从日出到日落这一段时间，反义词组是in the night。 “in 一段时间”表示“多久以后以内”，常与将来时连用。如：in half an hour； in ten minutes； in a few days等。 on后面所接的时间多与日期有关。具体用法有： 表示在具体的某一天（如日期、生日、节日或星期几）。如：on May 4th， 1919； on Monday； on Teachers Day； on my birthday； on that day等。 表示某一天的上午、下午或晚上。如：on the morning of July 2； on Sunday afternoon； on a cold winter evening等。 at后面的时间最短。具体用法有： 表示在某一具体时刻，即几点几分。如：at six oclock； at half past nine； at a quarter to six； at this time等。 表示在某一短暂的时间。如：at noon； at this moment； at the end of a year； at the start of the concert等。 28. in the front of与in front of具有不同的含义。前者表示在某一范围之内的前部，后者表示在某一范围之外的前面。 There is a big desk in the front of the classroom. 在教室的前部有一张大桌子。 There is a tree in front of the classroom. 在教室的前面有一棵树。 介词短语聚焦“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。1in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着。2in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在排/队/班级/年级”等。3in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。4in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。5in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”；on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。6in the wall表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；on the wall表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。7at work（在工作）/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中无the。8at + 时刻表示钟点。9like this/that表示方式，意为“像这/那样”。10of短语表示所属关系。11behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等，表示方位、处所。12from与to多表示方向，前者意为“从”，后者意为“到”。另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on ones bike等。重点句型大回放1I think意为“我认为”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I dont think，2give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把给”，动词give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型；若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it/ them to sb.3take sb./ sth. to意为“把(送)带到”，后常接地点，也可接人。4One, the other/One isand one is意为“一个是；另一个是”，必须是两者中。5Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式，其否定式为Dont let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Lets 与Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内，6help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换.7What about？/How about？意为“怎么样？”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词，其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。8Its time to do/ Its time for sth. 意为“该做的时间了”，其中to后须接原形动词，for后可接名词或V-ing形式。9like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”， 前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作；后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作，10ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”，其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式，11show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”，该句型的用法同前面第2点。12introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”；introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。1. There are two classes _ Wednesday afternoon. A. at B. in C. on D. to 2. This programme was sent to the USA _ China _ satellite.A. in; of B. of; in C. from; by D. by; from 3. The visitors _Japan arrived _ Beijing Station last Tuesday morning. A. from; at B. of; to C. from; to D. of; on 5. Lily asked her brother, Mike, not to be angry _ her. A. in B. to C. with D. for 6. Is everyone here good _ dancing? (99昆明) A. at B. on C. to D. for 7. They arrived _ Guangzhou _ the morning of May 25. A. at; in B. in; in C. in; on D. at; during 8. Children are often told not to play _ fire. A. on B. for C. with D. under 9. No one can stop her _ going away. A. of B. from C. to D. out of 10. The easer goes _ one student _ another. A. from; for B. from; till C. from; after D. from; to 11. Youll get a nice present _ your parents _ your birthday. A. from; on B. for; at C. from; in D. of; during 12. Lets wait _ her _ the corner of the street. A. on; on B. for; in C. at; at D. for; at 13. Look! The two men are _ trouble. They are calling _ help. A. with; for B. in; for C. under; at D. into; out 14. The boy filled the bottle _ some milk. Now its full _ milk. A. with; with B. of; with C. with; of D. off; without 15. Mother always talks _ her friends _ the phone _ weekend. A. with; on; at B. to; with; on C. about; on; through D. of; by; at 16. When did he lend the dictionary _ you? -I borrowed it _ him the day before yesterday. A. from; to B. to; by C. to; from D. on; out of 17. Uncle Wang lives _ a farm, but he works _ a factory. A. in; in B. to; in C. in; at D. on; in 18. She came up to me, _ a smile _ her face. A. with; in B. like; on C. with; on D. without; at 19. He wanted to ask _ some books _ music. A. for; in B. about; of C. for; on D. about; about 20. His school is far _ his home, but near _ mine. A. from; to B. from; from C. to; to D. to; from 综 合 型 1. The bridge _ the river is made _ big stone. A. on; from B. over; of C. above; in D. of; into 2. He stayed _ his uncles _ a week. A. in; for B. with; till C. at; for D. for; about 3. I cant swim _ the river _ a piece of wood. A. across; without B. through; with C. over; on D. in; by 4. The desk _ the teacher is _ the classroom. A. of; in front B. to; in front of C. at; before D. for; in the front of 5. John cut the pear _ four pieces _ a knife. A. in; by B. into; with C. with; by D. to; in 6. The other day I met a friend _ my way to school. A. of me on B. of my on C. in D. of mine on 7. Its easy _ us to finish the work _ time. A. for; on B. of; in C. for; before D. of; at 8. We, League members, should be strict _ ourselves _ our work. A. in; in B. with; with C. with; in D. in; with 9. She asked me to sit _ her and help her _ Chinese. A. between; at B. beside; with C. before; in D. on; of 10. Lin Tao answered all the questions _ the last one _ usual. A. except; as B. beside; as C. except; on D. but; in 11. Jims gone _ England with his family and he wont be back _ Monday. A. for; on B. to; at C. for; till D. to; until 12. _ Christmas Eve, children all over Britain put a stocking _ the en of their beds before they go to