English around the world-全单元学案.doc

Unit 2 English around the world学习知识清单： 对于要学的知识做到心中有底，这样才能更好的安排自己的学习步骤和学习时间，愿知识清单能够更好的帮助你进行自主学习！我们将要熟悉的话题： American English British English standard English我们将要掌握的词汇及词组： elevator petrol gas official voyage native apartment actuallyAD base gradual vocabulary spelling latter identity fluent fluently Singapore Malaysia frequent frequently usage command request expression midwestern African Spanish eastern southeastern northwestern recognize lorry Houston Texas accent catfish lightning Straight block cab Because of come up at present make use of such as play a part in我们将要运用的语言功能： 1. 命令和请求( command and request) Correct your spelling mistakes.Would you please speak more slowly?2.语言交际困难（Difficulties in language communication）Pardon? I beg your pardon ? I dont understand Could you say that again, please? Sorry I cant follow you.Could you repeat that, please?How do you spell it, please?3. 感谢（thanks）Thanks so much 我们将要学习的语法知识： 直接引语和间接引语(2): 祈使句和感叹句1. 祈使句“Please sit down and have a rest .She asked us to sit down and have a rest.2.感叹句He said ,“What a lovely day it is !” He said what a lovely day it was.(或He said that it was a lovely day.)Warming up and Reading课前自主预习方案 I. 重点单词 (能花十分钟把I和 II两部分的单词和词组在课本中查出来并写上吗？相信自己能够做到！查完了别忘了读一读记一记哦) 1. (n)电梯；升降机（同义词） 2. （n）（英）汽油 （同义词） 3._(adj.)官方的；正式的；公务的； (n)办公室 （n.）政府官员 4. _ (n) 航行；航海 5. _( adj.)本国的;本地的 （n.)本地人；本国人 _ 6. _ (n)（美）公寓; （同义词） _ 7. _ (adj.)逐渐的; _ (adv.)8. _（adj.）实际上；事实上_（adv） 9. _（adj.）流利的；流畅的（adv）_ 10._( adj.)频繁的；常见的（adv）_II. 重点短语 1. more _one kind 不止一种 2. _the world 全世界 3. _ some important ways 在一些重要方面 4. a large number_ 大量的，许多的 5. _ fact 事实上，实际上 6. because _ 因为；由于 7. come_ 走近；上来；提出 8. _ present 现在 9. Make use_ 利用；目前10.such _ 例如；像这种的III. 语篇导读1） 阅读The Road to Modern English, 然后完成下面的表格。(这是细节题，人人可以做到，不信试试看啊，试着在5分钟之内完成，你就很棒了！) Time Factsbetween AD 450 and 1150English was _ 1_ English spoken today.between about AD 800 and 1150.English became less like _ 2 _.In the 1600sShakespeare made use of _3_ than before.In the 18th century _4 _ people brought English to _5 _.From 1765 to 1947English became the language for _6 _ in India.todayMore people speak English than ever before. The number of people _7 _ in China _8 _rapidly. 2) 挑战自我 根据课文内容将下面短文补充完整。(这题是拔高题，考你的记忆能力、理解能力，试着在10分钟之内读完课文然后关书填空，挑战一下自我啊！)English is a _1_spoken all around the world. For more than 375 million people in countries _2_ _3_the United Kingdom and the United States. English is their _4_language .Another 375 million people learn English as a second language._5_,most people learn English at school as a foreign language.The English language is also _6_by most international organizations as their working language,as well as in international trade and tourism. Most foreigners visiting _7_are either businessmen or tourists.If their _8_ speak Chinese ,they use English to communicate with Chinese people.In global（全世界的) culture, for_9_,the Internet or popular music,English is widely used. In the homes,we will be speaking Chinese with our family,but we will be _10_ English with people around the world for our work.课堂自主学习方案 要点探究 I. 词汇知识 1、voyage n C航行，航海 Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that , English began to be spoken in many other countries. 在17世纪英国人开始往世界其他地区迁移。于是，许多的别国家开始说英语。潜心辨析：voyage/journey/travel/tour/trip voyage指乘船作水上旅行，也可指空中旅行。journey范围较广，指有预定地点的水陆空单程长、短途旅行，其中着重指长距离陆上旅行。travel 常用复数形式。泛指旅行各地，表示旅行路途远，时间长。可作动词。trip 一般用语，指任何方式，业务或游览旅行，着重于短途，口语中可与journey互换。Tour 指以游览、视察、购物等目的的旅行，含有回到原出发点的意思。 小试牛刀：He decided to make _. 他决定乘飞机去纽约旅行。 He got seasick _. 在航行中他晕船了。He is going to make a round-the-world tour.他要周游世界。 The travels of Marco polo is one of the most interesting books that I have ever read.马可波罗游记是我读过的最有趣的书。This trip was cancelled because of the snowstorm.由于暴风雪，行程取消了。2、 because of 因为；由于 I was wet because of the rain. 因为下雨，我的衣服都湿了。 We won the game because of his participation. 由于他的参与，我们赢了比赛。 潜心辨析：because of/becauseBecause of 是复合介词，表原因，意为“因为”，后接名词、代词、动名词、名词性从句，在句中作状语。Because 是从属连词，引导原因状语从句，表主句根本原因。表原因的短语还有due to，owing to，thanks to，on account of，as a result of 等。Due to 不用于句首。All of this is_ you. 这所有的一切都是因为你。They hurried on _ it was getting dark.因为天色已晚，他们匆匆赶路。小试牛刀：My success is due to your help.我的成功是由于你的帮助。_his effort ,it is more successful than we have expected. 多亏他的努力，事情取得了比我们预期更大的成功。3、come up 靠近，接近，上来，发生，升起，长出地面，发芽 Id like to come up to your apartment. 我想到你得公寓坐坐。 The snowdrops are just beginning to come up. 雪莲花刚长出地面。 Im afraid something urgent _;I wont be able to see you tonight.我很抱歉今晚有急事，不能见你了。潜心辨析：come up/come up with come up 被提出，其主语是被提出的内容，无被动语态。come up with 提出，主语是提出者，宾语是被提出的内容。come to 总计，达到 come on加油，(催促）快点来吧 come along 过来，快点come out 暴露，出版 come about 发生，造成 come across 碰见，（偶然）发现小试牛刀：Come on. Lets get some sleep.走，咱们睡觉去She _some old photographs in a drawer.她在抽屉里偶然发现一些旧照片。4、 actually adv. 实际上，事实上（=in fact） Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other . 事实上不同的文化交流渗透时，所有语言都会变化发展。Believe it or not，he actually won. 信不信由你，他真赢了。The tree looks high and strong but _ its trunk is hollow . 这棵树看上去又高又壮，实际上树干是空的。5、 be based on/upon 以 为根据。 其主动形式为 based on/upon 以某事物作为另一事物的根据。 It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. 当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的不是。 This news report _.这篇报道完全是以事实为根据的。The film _a novel by Lu Xun. 这部电影以鲁迅的小说为蓝本。There is a hole in the base of container.容器底部有个洞。That company has offices all over the world，but their base is in Paris. 那家公司的办事处遍布全球，但其总部在巴黎。 6、at present 目前，现在 At present，he is on holiday. 目前，他正在度假。 He is free at present，and you can go to him for advice.他现在有空，你可以向他咨询。 思维拓展：Present sth. to sb. = present sb.with sth. 把某物赠给某人Present作前置定语意为“现在，当前的”；作后置定语意为“出席，到场的”。 Thirty guests _ at the ceremony. 30位客人出席了这次典礼。 There are twenty children present.在坐的有20个孩子。 The children _ flowers _ their teacher.孩子们献花给老师。7、make use of 利用；使用 So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. 到十七世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比任何时候都大。We must _ to study. 我们必须利用每一分钟去学习。 You can make any use of it as you like. 这个你随便用。思维拓展：看看还有哪些跟make use of相关的词组make good use of 好好利用 make the best use of 善用，充分利用make full use of 充分利用 make the most use of 尽量利用make use of 中use 常用作先行词，make of 放在后面坐use 的定语。 小试牛刀：We should encourage him to _ his talent. 我们应该鼓励他充分发挥他的才能。8、latter adj.后半的，（两者中）后者的 The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling. 后者体现了美式英语的不同特色。 Jane and Mary are good friends；the former is a teacher，and the latter is a nurse. 简和玛丽是好友，前者是老师，后者是护士。 Of the two ，_is better than _ .两者中，后者比前者更佳。9、such as 例如；像这样的English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.在新加坡、马来西亚及一些非洲国家，如南非，人们也说英语。Children like sweet foods such as chocolate.孩子们喜欢巧克力之类的甜食。No one trusts _a man _ him.没人相信他那样的人。潜心辨析：such as/for example/that is1. such as 用于列举事物时放在所列举事物与前面的名词之间，且直接跟列举事物，无需逗号，它所列举事物不能等同于前面所提事物总和。2. for example 主要用于举例说明，其位置灵活，可位于句首，句中，句末，前后多用逗号隔开。3. that is相当于namely ，意为“即”，它所列举事物总量等于前面所提到事物总和。 小试牛刀：He has been to many countries _Singapore，Canada and Australia. 他去了很多国家，比如新加坡，加拿大和美国。There are similar words in many language，_，in French and Italian. 在很多语言中有类似的词，例如法语和意大利语。 My daughter chose two subjects on Sunday，that is，Chinese dancing and piano. 我女儿周日选修了两门课程，即中国舞蹈和钢琴。 难句剖析 1. Do you know that there is more than one kind of English? 你知道世界上不只有一种英语吗？More than 在本句中意为“超过，多于”后常接表示数目的名词，相当于over。Ive known David for more than 20 years 我认识戴维二十多年了。思维拓展： more than one 后跟可数名词单数，尽管在概念上表示复数意义，但它作主语时，谓语动词用单数。“more than名词”表示“多于，不仅仅”；“more than形容词”相当于“很，非常”；“not more than意为“最多” “至多”，相当于at the most；not more than意为“不如，更”，表示的是一种比较。No more than 意为“仅仅”“只有”，相当于only；no more than意为“和一样都不”，表示对两者同时否定。 China Daily is_a paper，It helps us to improve our English 中国日报不仅仅是一份报纸，它还帮助我们提高英语。All his income adds up to _（仅仅）500 yuan a month。2. In some important ways they are very different from one another。在一些重要方面，他们彼此差别很大。way n路线；方法；途径way 是可数名词，单数形式可加a 或其它跟定词，亦可以用复数形式，表示“在方面；以方式”，常用介词in。 only in this way can you work out the problem。 只有使用这种方法你才能解决问题。归纳总结：in the way 挡道 in a way 某种程度上 in on way 绝不 by way of 途径 by the way 顺带一提way后接定语时有3种方式：1、 way to do sth2、 way of doing sth3、 waythatin which省略clause（关系词都分在定语从句中作状语）小试牛刀：_（顺便问一下），where has he gone？I will buy some bread_（在回家的路上）。3Why not go by underground？ 为什么不坐地铁去呢？Why not do ？是个常用句型，用来提建议，意为 “为什么不?”思考：what about？和how about？也用于提建议，它之后的动词是什么形式？小试牛刀：How about _？我们去游泳怎样？4Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。句中even if是个连词短语，引导让步状语从句，含义是“即使，尽管”。让步状语从句的动词用一般现在时表示将来假设。Even if 相当于even though，两者意思一样，用法相同。潜心辨析：even ifthough与as ifthough前者引导让步状语从句，意为“即使”，“尽管”；后者引导方式状语从句，意为“仿佛”“好像”。 I can still remember，_it was so long ago It seems_our team is going to win5. For example，India has a very large number of fluent English speakersChina may have the largest number of English learners潜心辨析：a number of/the number of1、a number of 意为“一些，若干”，后接复数名词或代词，作主语时谓语动词须用复数形式。Number前可用large，great等词修饰。2、the number of 意为“的数量”中心词是number，作主语时谓语动词须用单数形式。小试牛刀：_students in our school _from the countryside 我们学校很多学生来自乡下。_cars _increasing in our country 我国汽车数在增加。6. Only time will tell 只好由时间作答了。该句是一个省略句，完整句是：Only time will tell whether Chinese English develops its own identity，为避免与上句重复而省略tell后的宾语从句。Will Jack be able to return home ？Only time will tell 杰克能否回到家乡，只能由时间回答了。课后自主反思与测评 课后自主反思 同学们，经过了课前自主预习和课堂自主学习之后，相信你一定有了一些收获吧，是掌握了必须学习的知识点? 或是掌握了一些学习上的技巧与方法? 或者还有什么有待改进的地方？在下面动笔写写吧，善于总结的学生才是会学习的学生！这一阶段我学会了这样一些语言知识：单词和词组：_ _ _ _ 语法点： _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 这一阶段我突破了这样一些重难点：_ _ _ 这一阶段我觉得还需要提高的是：_ _ _ _ _ 40课后自主测评 C级测评：（高楼大厦平地起，你能很踏实的学习基础知识，很好！请在5分钟内完成）I. 单词拼写1. The ship sank on its long _(航行).2. He had lost his _(身份) card and was being questioned by the police.3. The President was leaving for a four-day _ (正式的) visit to Mexico4. _(事实上), on second thoughts, I dont think I will go out with him.5. Do you want to take the _(电梯) or use the stairs?6. In America a flat is called an _(公寓)7. You can use your _(橡皮) to remove pencil marks.8. She speaks _ （流利的) though not very correct French.9.There has been a _(逐渐的) change in climate.10. Celebrations are planned for the _(较后面的) part of November.II.用所给短语的正确形式填空be based on; at present; because of; because; in some ways; such as; make use of; more than; come up; fluently1. She can speak Italian_.2. This film _ a novel by D.H.Lawrence3. I decided to go with them, mainly _ I had nothing better to do.4. It is partly _ her sick mother that she hasnt taken the job abroad.5. Im sorry hes out_.6. You can _ your talents to become rich as well.7. I know many of them, _John, Peter, and Tom.8. He rang to say he would be late home-something _ at the office .9._a quarter of the students never finished their courses10. As you see, we look the same_.B级测评：（学贵在用，你能运用所学知识，又向前跨了一步！如果能在15分钟内完成就更好了）I.单项填空1. I will never speak to anyone like that _ they say something unpleasant to me.A.because B.as if C.even if D. since2.A lot of countries have gained excellent achievements in space technology, China_. A.such as B.for example C.namely D.and so on3.He looks honest, but _ he often tells lies. Ain a fact B. in an actual fact C.as matter of fact D.actually 4.You type mostly anything into the space provided on Google and in a second it _ with thousands of references.A.catches up B.comes up C.ends up D.puts up 5.Time made a _ to the Great Wall during the summer holiday.A.voyage B.trip C.journey D.tour6.The world market price of coal is _ relatively low ,but it is certain to change in the future. A.at present B.at the present C.in present D.in the present7.We should consider what use can be made _ such a material .A.of B.from C.up D.in8.Many questions _ at the meeting, but he answered none.A.raised B.were risen C.came up D.asked 9.More than one _ the people heart and soul.A.official has served B.officials have served C.official has served for D.officials have served for10.China Daily is _ a paper. It helps to improve our English.A.more than B.no more than C.not more than D.no more11.Almost everybody present felt unhappy_What he had said.A.as B.because C.because of D.since12.Ever minute_ spoken English.A.was made use of to practise B.was made use of practisingC.was made use of to practise D. was made use to practise13.They keep horses and cattle, the former for riding, _ for food.A.latter B.the latter C.later D.the later14.I used to earn _ than a pound a week when I first started workA.a little B.a few C.fewer D.less15.When the thief found the police had already _him. He ran away quickly.A.realized B.known C.recognized D.staredII.阅读理解 How to say hello in Japanese depends on when you say it. This is very much like different greetings used in English at different times of the day or night. In Japanese culture, it also depends on whether you are on the phone or meeting somebody or whether you are close to the person you are greeting. We dont get formal with our close friends. We seldom greet them with “Good morning “ or “Good evening”. A “Hi” is enough.Although the most popular and most well-known translation for “Hello” is still “Konnichiwa”, it is not exactly how to say hello in Japanese. Perhaps it is not the most suitable word for it. Actually, the correct greeting in English for “Konnichiwa” is “Good day” or “Good noon,” and I am sure you wouldnt like greeting people with a “Good day” at any time, and neither do Japanese like saying “Konnichiwa” when they want to say “Hello”.So what to do? Lets do it the way the Japanese do