高考英语复习每日一题第14周限制性与非限制性定语从句含解析.docx

限制性与非限制性定语从句高考频度： 难易程度： 1.（2017新课标卷I语法填空）Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.【答案】 which2.（2017新课标卷II短文改错）In their spare time, they are interesting（改为interested） in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house.【答案】 which【解析】非限制性定语从句需要用which引导，故将that改为which。3. （2017新课标卷III语法填空）But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.【答案】 who【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知， 64 has taken part in shows along with top models是非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为Sarah，指人，要用who。【应试必备】非限制性定语从句是对意义已经非常明确的先行词给予补充、说明，删去非限制性定语从句，主句的意思仍是概念清晰、结构完整的。非限制性定语从句的引导词有who，whom，which，whose，as，when，where等，that不可用于引导非限制性定语从句，从句之前要用逗号。先行词指人，则用who，whose，which等；先行词指物，要用which；先行词表时间或者地点，并在句中作时间状语或者地点状语时要用when或者where引导。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别1. 形式不同 限制性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停顿；而非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。 2. 功能不同 限制性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清；而非限制性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义) His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(若把从句去掉，句子意义仍然完整) 3. 翻译不同 在翻译定语从句时，一般把限制性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而把非限制性定语从句与主句分开。He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽车被窃的那个人。 Ive invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。 4. 含义不同 比较下面的两个句子： I have a sister who is a doctor. 我有一个当医生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一个) I have a sister, who is a doctor. 我有一个姐姐，她是当医生的。(只有一个姐姐) 5. 先行词不同 限制性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子；另外，当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性的普通名词时，通常要用非限制性定语从句，而不用限制性定语从句。Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 彼得开车很快，这是很危险的。(which指drive too fast) He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改变了主意，这使我很生气。(which指整个主句)Mr. Smith, who is our boss, will leave for Japan next week. 我们的老板史密斯先生下周要去日本。(先行词为专有名词，要用非限制性定语从句修饰) Her father, who has a lot of money, wishes her to study abroad. 她父亲很有钱，希望她出国学习。(先行词为表独一无二意义的普通名词，要用非限制性定语从句修饰) 6. 关系词不同 关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中，通常不用于非限制性定语从句；另外，在限制性定语从句中，关系词有时可以省略，而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律不能省略。1.(2017天津卷单项填空)My eldest son, _ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.A. that B. whose C. his D. who2.（2016天津卷单项填空）We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _ the weather may be better.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when3.（2016全国新课标卷I语法填空）But my connection with pandas goes back 64（to） my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 65 I was the first Western TV reporter 66（permitted） (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 4. It is the third time that she has won the race, _ has surprised us all. A. thatB. where C. whichD. what5. When it comes to the majority of the latest technologies in the next 20 years, _ has greater potential than the technology being developed in the