天津市2018届高考英语二轮复习第一部分单项填空专题能力训练五单项填空五单项填空综合训练.docx

专题能力训练五单项填空(五)(单项填空综合训练)一、A组1.(2017天津卷,6)Nowadays,cycling,along with jogging and swimming, as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.A.regardB.is regardedC.are regardedD.regards答案:B解析:句意:如今,骑自行车与慢跑和游泳一样,被认为是最全面的锻炼形式之一。本句的主语是cycling,因此谓语动词用单数形式;cycling与regard之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态。当“AalongwithB”结构出现在句首时,谓语动词的形式应与A保持一致。类似的词(组)还有with,togetherwith,ratherthan,aswellas等。故选B项。2.(2017天津河东区一模,2)This is our contribution to world of the 21st century, world of independence and mutual understanding.A.the;aB./;aC.a;theD.the;/答案:A解析:句意:这是我们对21世纪世界的贡献,一个独立的、互相理解的世界。第一个空填the,名词后有修饰成分时其前应加定冠词the;第二个空填a,是泛指“一个独立的,互相理解的世界”。故选A项。3.Arentyoucold?.Imboilinghot.A.FarfromitB.TakeiteasyC.ThatsallrightD.Notalittle答案:A解析:句意:你不冷吗?一点儿也不冷。我很热。farfromit“远非这样,远不”;takeiteasy“别紧张,不着急”;thatsallright“没关系,不客气”;notalittle“非常”,根据语境选A项。4.Lastweek,mybrotherwasappointedchiefengineeroftheproject,whichwillbecompletedin18-monthperiod.A.a;anB.the;theC./;anD./;the答案:C解析:句意:上周,我哥哥被任命为这项工程的总工程师,该工程要用18个月的时间来完成。第一空不用冠词,因为chiefengineer在此做主语补足语,表示一个职务,前面不加冠词;第二空表泛指,应用不定冠词an。故选C项。5.WhatareyourplansforThanksgiving,Todd?Oh,itsainmyfamilytogotomygrandpashouseandhaveabigdinnerthere.A.cultureB.ruleC.traditionD.principle答案:C解析:句意:你感恩节有什么计划,托德?哦,到我祖父家聚餐是我们家族的一个传统。tradition“传统”,符合语境。culture“文化”;rule“规则”;principle“原则”。6.Wherewouldyouliketogothissummervacation?ShanghaiorBeijing?.Iwouldliketokeepmyparentscompanyathome.A.EitherB.NeitherC.NoneD.Both答案:B解析:句意:今年暑假你想去哪里?上海还是北京?哪儿也不去。我想在家陪父母。根据答语中的“Iwouldliketokeepmyparentscompanyathome.”可知,答话者两个地方都不想去,故选B项。7.RobinsonCrusoeescapedfromthelonelyislandandmadehiswaytoEngland.A.constantlyB.eventuallyC.graduallyD.relatively答案:B解析:句意:鲁滨孙克鲁索最终逃离了孤岛,并前往英国。constantly“不断地,时常地”;eventually“最终”;gradually“逐渐地”;relatively“相当地,相对地”。根据句意可知,eventually最佳。故选B项。8.theshortageoftime,thechairmandecidedthateachcandidateshouldfinishthespeechwithin5minutes.A.InviewofB.IncontrasttoC.IntermsofD.Inpreferenceto答案:A解析:句意:由于时间紧张,会议主席决定每个参赛者应在5分钟之内完成演讲。inviewof表示“由于,鉴于”;incontrastto“与形成对比”;intermsof“就而言”;inpreferenceto“优先于”。9.Isuggestthatyoureturnthecartoourcompanytonight,isalwaysopen,ifyoudontwanttopayforanotherday.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.what答案:C解析:句意:如果你不想多付一天的钱的话,我建议你今晚把车还给我们公司,我们公司一直营业。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词ourcompany,且在定语从句中充当主语,故应用关系代词which。10.Iwasboredstayinghereforyears,whetherIshouldtrysomeplacedifferent.A.wonderedB.towonderC.wonderingD.wonder答案:C解析:句意:在这里待了很多年,我感到厌倦了,我考虑自己是否应该到某个不同的地方尝试一下。分析句子结构可知,此处用动词-ing形式做伴随状语。11.EvenstudentswhodobadlyinphysicscannaturallythenameofEinsteinwiththeTheoryofRelativity.A.shareB.compareC.associateD.distinguish答案:C解析:句意:甚至连物理成绩很差的学生也能很自然地把爱因斯坦的名字和相对论联系起来。associateAwithB为固定短语,意为“把A和B联系起来”。12.Manyyoungladiesinthestreethavetheirsummerdressesinlatespring.A.putoutB.broughtoutC.stoodoutD.pickedout答案:B解析:句意:大街上的许多年轻女性在晚春就已经把她们夏季的衣服拿出来(穿上)了。bringout“带出,拿出,取出”,符合语境。putout“熄灭,出版”;standout“突出”;pickout“挑选出,辨认出”。13.Dontyouknow,mydearson,itisyourgoodbehaviornotyournaughtinessthatwelove?A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what答案:C解析:句意:亲爱的儿子,难道你不知道我们爱的是你良好的举止而不是淘气吗?mydearson是插入语,空处引导宾语从句做know的宾语,且在从句中不做任何成分,故用that引导。14.Itmademylittlesistersadthatherfriendnever,ashe,cametotakehertoAmerica.A.promisedB.hadpromisedC.waspromisingD.haspromised答案:B解析:句意:使我小妹伤心的是,她的朋友从来也没有像他承诺的那样来把她带到美国去。主句是一般过去时,promise是发生在made之前的动作,是“过去的过去”,因此用过去完成时。15.Accordingtothecontract,allthegoodsbepaidincashnotbycreditcard.A.needB.shallC.willD.can答案:B解析:句意:根据合同,所有货物应用现金而不是用信用卡支付。shall用于第三人称,在条约、规章、法令等文件中表示义务或规定,意为“应该,必须”。二、B组1.(2017天津红桥区二模,2)I often have chat with my friends on phone in my spare time.A.a;theB.the;不填C.the;theD.a;不填答案:A解析:句意:在我的空闲时间,我经常给我的朋友们打电话聊天。考查习语中冠词的使用。haveachatwithsb.表示“与某人聊天”,onthephone表示“打电话,在电话上”。故选A项。2.(2017天津红桥区二模,14)If I time,I would certainly go to the movies with you,but I have a lot of work to do.A.hadB.haveC.will haveD.had had答案:A解析:句意:如果我有时间,我定会和你一起去看电影,但是我有好多工作要做。由句意及动词have可知此处是对现在情况的假设,故用一般过去时,A项正确。3.(2017天津和平区二模,14)It wasnt a serious accident.The car was only damaged.A.heavilyB.slightlyC.nearlyD.narrowly答案:B解析:句意:这不是个严重的事故。汽车只是轻微受损。heavily“猛烈地,沉重地”;slightly“轻微地”;nearly“几乎,差不多”;narrowly“勉强地”。B项符合句意。4.(2017天津和平区二模,15)I wish I her the news and then she wouldnt be worried now.A.dont tellB.didnt tellC.havent toldD.hadnt told答案:D解析:句意:我多么希望我没有告诉她这个消息,那样她现在就不会担心了。此处为虚拟语气,由句意可知是对过去情况的假设,应用过去完成时,故选D项。5.(2017天津耀华中学一模,13)Why are you so upset,Doctor White?The project didnt as we had expected.It was such a waste of time!A.settle downB.work outC.come aboutD.turn up答案:B解析:句意:怀特博士,您为何如此沮丧?这个项目没有如我们所预期的那样进展顺利。真是很浪费时间啊!settledown“安定下来”;workout“进展顺利”;comeabout“发生,出现”;turnup“出现;找到;调高”。B项符合句意。6.(2017天津河西区三模,12)After a days work,I went to the restaurant near my company to have dinner,only to be told that it .A.is decoratedB.was decoratedC.was being decoratedD.is being decorated答案:C解析:句意:工作了一天以后,我去我们公司附近的餐馆吃晚餐,结果却被告知餐馆正在装修中。根据句意可知此处表示去餐馆时餐馆正在被装修,故应用过去进行时,故选C项。7.Youmusthavehadagoodtimeatthepartylastnight,didntyou?.Actually,itwaskindofboring.A.Oh,greatB.IsupposesoC.NotreallyD.ThatsOK答案:C解析:句意:昨晚的聚会你一定玩得很开心,是吧?其实不是。实际上,有点无聊。oh,great“哦,太棒了”;Isupposeso“我觉得是这样”;notreally“实际上不是的”;thatsOK“好吧”。8.Theyoungcouplearetryingtosaveasmuchaspossibletheycanaffordaflatbytheendofnextyear.A.sothatB.eventhoughC.incaseD.asif答案:A解析:句意:为了明年年底能买套房子,这对年轻夫妇在尽可能多地攒钱。sothat“因此,目的是,结果是”;eventhough“尽管,即使”;incase“以防”;asif“好像”。根据句意选A项。9.The problem should be handled very carefully to balance the needs of people with of nature.A.onesB.thisC.thoseD.that答案:C解析:句意:这个问题应该谨慎处理,以便平衡人的需要和大自然的需要。此处代指前文已出现的“theneeds”,表特指,所以要用those来代替。10.TomhadagapyeartravellingtoseveralAsiancountriesaftergraduatingfromhighschool.Howdidheitwithoutthesupportfromhisparents?A.adaptB.witnessC.approveD.manage答案:D解析:句意:汤姆高中毕业后,在上大学的前一年去了亚洲的好几个国家旅行。没有父母的支持,他是怎么做到这一点的?manage意为“成功地做了某事,完成(困难的事),应付(困难的局面)”,符合语境。11.withtheperformanceofthenewcar,themandecidedtobuyitimmediately.A.SatisfiedB.SatisfyingC.TosatisfyD.Beingsatisfied答案:A解析:句意:这个男子对这辆新车的性能很满意,决定立即买下它。besatisfiedwith意为“对满意”,此处satisfied为过去分词做状语,表示主语的状态。12.Manyworkersfindthemselvesinpositionstheyhavetoundergomoreworktraining.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.what答案:A解析:句意:许多工人发现他们得接受更多的工作培训。此处是一个定语从句,当先行词为case,condition,situation,position,point,stage等名词表示情况、方面、处境、位置等时,定语从句要用关系副词where引导。故选A项。13.Ibelievethatlifeisyouthinkitis.Sosmileatlifeanditwillsmileback.A.thatB.howC.whatD.which答案:C解析:分析句子结构可知,空处引导表语从句,youthink是插入语,可去掉,且表语从句缺少表语,要用what。句意:我相信生活就是你所认为的样子,所以微笑面对生活,它就会微笑面对你。14.SosadthatIcouldnthelpcryingwhenIsawthechildrenwalkinginbarefeetinwinter.A.IwasfeelingB.didIfeelC.hadIfeltD.Ifelt答案:B解析:句意:看到冬天那些孩子们光着脚走路,我忍不住伤心地哭了起来。副词so位于句首引起部分倒装,根据从句中的“saw”可以看出时态为一般过去时。15.Ifhemecorrectadvice,ImsureIwouldhavemadeabigmistakeinmychoiceofcareer.A.hadgivenB.gaveC.didntgiveD.hadntgiven答案:D解析:句意:如果他没有给我正确的建议,我确信在我的职业选择中我会犯个大错误。根据句意以及主句中的“wouldhavemade”可判断,这是和过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,条件状语从句中的谓语动词应为“had+过去分词”,结合语境应选D项。三、C组1.(2017天津河西区三模,13)The news spread quickly through the village the war had ended, made villagers wild with joy.A.which;thatB.that;whatC.that;whichD.what;which答案:C解析:句意:战争结束的消息很快在村子里传开了,这使得村民们欣喜若狂。第一个空用that引导同位语从句,做news的同位语;第二个空用which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面整个句子的内容。故选C项。2.(2017天津南开区四模,5) the effect of culture shock,he is trying to read a lot about it before going to France for further study.A.To reduceB.ReducedC.ReducingD.Having reduced答案:A解析:句意:为了减少文化冲击的影响,他正努力在去法国深造之前多读一些相关的内容。此处用动词不定式表示目的,故选A项。3.(2017天津南开区四模,8)I think her opinion ,because she is an experienced teacher.A.numbersB.calculatesC.figuresD.counts答案:D解析:句意:我认为她的建议值得考虑,因为她是一位有经验的教师。number“计数”;calculate“计算”;figure“计算;惹人注目”;count“有价值,值得考虑”。故选D项。4.WouldyoupleasetellmethewaytotheDayanPagoda?.A.GoaheadB.No,thanksC.WithpleasureD.Mypleasure答案:C解析:句意:你能告诉我去大雁塔的路吗?荣幸之至。goahead“去吧,开始吧”;no,thanks“不用了,谢谢”;withpleasure“荣幸之至,很愿意”,用于表示客气地接受或同意别人的请求;mypleasure“别客气,不用谢”,用来回答对方的感谢。根据句意可知应选C项。5.Thecitygovernmenthaspromisedthatitwillseektosolvetheproblem.A.onceandforallB.onceuponatimeC.onceinawhileD.allatonce答案:A解析:句意:市政府承诺他们会寻求办法彻底地解决这个问题。onceandforall表示“彻底地,最终地”;onceuponatime“从前”;onceinawhile“偶尔”;allatonce“突然;同时”。根据句意选A项。6.IamalwaysworkinghardinmyEnglish,Istillcantgetagoodmarkinthetest.A.IfB.AsC.BecauseD.Though答案:D解析:句意:虽然我总是很努力地学习英语,但我依然不能在测试中考一个好分数。though在此引导让步状语从句,表示“虽然,尽管”。7.Donthesitatetomakeadecision,youllletsuchagoldenopportunityslipthroughyourfingers.A.andB.orC.butD.so答案:B解析:句意:做决定别犹豫,否则你将错过一个千载难逢的机会。该句是一个固定句型,即“祈使句+and/or+简单句(将来时态)”,结合句意可知,此处为“否则”之意,故选B项。8.Butforbeingremindedbymymother,ImyflightforShanghailastSaturday.A.hadmissedB.missedC.wouldhavemissedD.wouldmiss答案:C解析:句意:要不是母亲提醒我,上周六我就错过了飞往上海的航班了。根据句中的“Butforbeingremindedbymymother”及“lastSaturday”可知此处是与过去事实相反的假设,因此谓语应用would/could/might/shouldhavedone形式。9.Theoldman,over90yearsold,issaidtohavebeensenttohospital,withbirdflu.A.beinginfectedB.havinginfectedC.havingbeeninfectedD.tobeinfected答案:C解析:句意:据说这位90多岁的老人感染了禽流感,已被送往医院。beinfectedwith是固定搭配,表示“感染”,又因感染禽流感是发生在被送往医院之前的动作,故此处应用动词-ing形式的完成被动式,故选C项。10.Itistobelievethatthenumber13bringsbadluck,whilethenumber8bringsmoney.A.abnormalB.absurdC.unbelievableD.unsuitable答案:B解析:句意:相信数字13会带来不幸而数字8会带来财富是荒谬的。根据句意,应选择absurd“荒谬的”。abnormal“反常的,变态的”;unbelievable“难以置信的,惊人的”;unsuitable“不合适的,不适宜的”。11.Hostingacharityconcertoutdoorsisn