2018版高考英语复习攻略Unit4Globalwarming限时规范特训新人教版.docx

Unit 4 Global warming.完形填空(建议用时17)Imagine waking up in a hospital bed. And the entire left side of your body isnt movable. This was the _1_ I found myself in after my crash. I _2_ so severely for my head and neck were twisted (扭曲) to one side and stuck in that disturbing _3_.The prognosis (预断) for my _4_ was not good. The doctor told my family, “I _5_ to say this, but hell be lucky to survive the next 48 hours.”_6_ as my family was at the news, the one thing that had been holding them together was the _7_ that with the proper medical treatment, I could recover. The doctors prognosis hit them like a hammer, _8_ any hope. The _9_ that I might die touched each of them deeply.For the next two days, my parents kept waiting outside my room. They could _10_ eat or sleep. The doctors prognosis _11_ heavily on their hearts. Yet with each passing hour they became slightly more hopeful that my chances of _12_ were a little bit better.With the _13_ 48 hours passing, although I was once _14_ to the limit of my life, I _15_ to quit my life, so they felt somewhat _16_. Maybe the doctor had made a(n) _17_. After all, doctors arent necessarily right. Bit by bit, hope began to return to them. _18_， they still had no idea what the future held for me.My survival surprised everyone. It would not have been _19_ if not for my determination not to quit my life. _20_ will always happen around you as long as you dont give up.篇章导读：这是一篇记叙文。作者在一次车祸中险些丧生，医生认为他只能活48个小时，而他奇迹般地活下来，这要归功于他的坚定意志。通过本文，作者告诉大家只要我们不放弃，奇迹在任何时候都会出现。1AdespairBsituationCplace Dpain答案：B上文提到作者醒来时在医院躺着，并且整个左半身不能移动，这是作者出车祸后的一种处境(situation)。2Achoked BtrembledCenjoyed Dsuffered答案：D根据上文的描述可知，作者遭受(suffered)了巨大的痛苦。3Aposition Baction Cbehavior Dheight答案：A由上文提到的作者的头和脖子被扭到了一边可知，这里是指处于一种令人不安的姿势(position)。4Aspirit Bdisability Crecovery Dtreatment答案：C由下文提及的作者只能幸运地活48小时可知，医生对作者康复(recovery)的预断是不乐观的。5Aregret Bdecide Ctend Dwish答案：A下文是提及不好的事情，所以这里是遗憾(regret)地去说这件事情。6AImpatient BAngry CConfused DUpset答案：D尽管家人听到这个消息是伤心的(upset)，但是他们还是抱有一丝希望。7Adesire Bintention Chope Dlie答案：C此处表示通过恰当地医治，作者可能会康复是家人对作者的一丝希望(hope)。8Aoffering Bdestroying Craising Dabandoning答案：B句意：医生的预断对我的家人来说尤如当头一棒，摧毁(destroy)了他们的希望。9AexceptionBchoice Cfact Dacceptance答案：C此处是指作者可能会因车祸丧生的事实(fact)深深地触动了家中的每个人。10Abarely BgraduallyChopelessly Dslightly答案：A由上文可知，接下来的两天，作者的父母一直等在门外，此处表示他们很少(barely)吃饭和睡觉。11Areacted Bweighed Cfroze Dexpanded答案：B由语境可知，医生对作者病情的预断让作者的家人感到心碎。weigh on sb. /sth. “加重的思想负担；使焦虑不安”。12Apromotion Bescape Cimprovement Dsurvival答案：D根据下文提到的作者活了下来可知，这里是家人对作者的存活(survival)抱有希望。13Aconvincing BdisappointingCexciting Dfrightening答案：D医生估计作者只能活48小时，所以这48小时是令人害怕的(frightening)。14Adirected Bpushed Cordered Dguided答案：B根据上文描述的作者病情很严重可知，虽然作者被推(pushed)到了生命的边缘，但是作者拒绝放弃生命。15Arefused BpretendedCstruggled Dattempted答案：A作者意志坚定，拒绝(refused)放弃生命。16Aconfident Bsatisfied Crelieved Dstressful答案：C作者度过了48小时，家人看到了希望，所以感到宽慰(relieved)。17Ajoke Bguess Capology Dmistake答案：D由上文医生说作者只能活48小时可知，医生犯了一个错误(mistake)。空格后的“After all, doctors arent necessarily right.”也有提示。18AHowever BThereforeCInstead DBesides答案：A虽然看到了希望，但他们不知道作者的未来会怎么样，前后构成转折关系，故用“但是”(however)。19Aalarming Bpossible Creasonable Dpessimistic答案：B由上下文可知，如果不是作者顽强地不放弃生命，作者的存活是不可能(not possible)的。20AAccidents BCoincidences CMiracles DSuccesses答案：C由语境可知，只要不放弃，奇迹(miracles)就会发生在我们身上。一个医生预测只能活48小时的车祸伤员，竟凭着顽强的意志活了下来，堪称奇迹。.阅读理解(建议用时16)A2017河北枣强中学检测Even if trees cannot walk, they are still on the move.In parts of the Arctic, entire forests are moving northward. Across the Arctic, temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world. As that happens, the tree line that marks where forests stop and the treeless tundra (冻原) starts has been moving northward. Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind. To do this,_plants tend to grow horizontal (水平的) branches low to the ground. The energy it takes for trees to grow this way means they dont have enough energy to make seeds.But as Earths climate has been warming, trees no longer have to just grow horizontally. Many can instead grow up toward the sky. This takes less energy. This happens especially in places where white spruce (白云杉) grows. White spruce, which is a North American tree, is quite able to produce a lot of seeds, which can move long distances in the wind. When windblown seeds end up on the tundra beyond the tree line, they finally sprout (发芽) new trees. This explains how a forest can move. Of course, the process would work only if the tundra were warm enough. But in recent years, the whole planet has been warming.New trees will provide shelter for some snow. Keeping the suns rays from making the white surface disappear. Instead, the trees absorb the suns heat. This warms the air around. The extra warmth encourages even more trees to produce seeds. That further increases a forests ability to expand. Whats more, more trees will trap more snow, preventing much of it from being blown away. Snow can trap heat in the soil below, which encourages trees to grow. The recent rise of temperatures has helped more trees grow past the tree line. People worry about effects on the animals that depend on frozen conditions for food and shelter.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，文中讲述的是即使树不能走路，它们仍然在移动。文章介绍了树移动的原因，以及全球变暖对树木的影响。1What is the main cause of the trees in the Arctic moving northward?AThe reducing of northern tundra.BThe rising temperature.CThe cold and strong wind.DThe rich resources in the north.答案：B细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句“Across the Arctic, temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world. As that happens, the tree line that marks where forests stop and the treeless tundra (冻原) starts has been moving northward.”(在北极地区，温度比世界上任何地方都要上升得快。当这一切发生时，标志着森林结束和寸木不生的冻原开始的树线就一直向北移动。)可知，在北极树木向北移动的主要原因是温度升高。故选B。2What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 mean?ATo produce more seeds.BTo move northward.CTo respond to the climate change.DTo protect themselves from the cold wind.答案：D词义猜测题。根据第二段第四句“Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind.”可知，沿着树线生长的树木必须保护自己免受寒风的袭击。由此可知，此处this指的是保护它们免受寒风的袭击。故选D。3What can be inferred from the last paragraph?ANew trees can trap the snow, which may make the soil colder.BThe trapped snow prevents new trees from producing more seeds.CNew trees can make the air around warmer.DNew trees can bring more food and shelter to local animals.答案：C推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“New trees will provide shelter for some snow.”(新的树木将为一些雪提供庇护。)和第三、四句“Instead, the trees absorb(吸收) the suns heat. This warms the air around.”(相反，树木吸收太阳的热量，这温暖了周围的空气。)可知，新的树木可以使周围的空气更温暖。故选C。1seed n. 种子 2.distance n. 距离3shelter n/vt. 庇护所；躲避；避难4trap vt./n. 使陷入困境；陷阱5frozen adj. 冷冻的；结冰的1end up 最终来到；最后处于 2.blow away 吹走；吹跑B2016江苏高考El Nio, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”， was named by South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.The weather effects, both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Nios, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Nio in 199798 helped Americas economy grow by $15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvests: farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural incomes in rich countries is greater than the fall in poor ones.But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multiyear drought (干旱) in southeast Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Nio may relieve the drought in California, they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.The most recent powerful Nio, in 199798, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Nios come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disasterrelief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on riskreduction saves at least two on reconstruction.Simple improvements to infrastructure (基础设施) can reduce the spread of disease. Better sewers (下水道) make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods. According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and coauthors, civil conflict is related to El Nios harmful effectsand the poorer the country, the stronger the link. Though the relationship may not be causal， helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people. Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Nio, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，文中主要介绍了厄尔尼诺现象名称的由来、发生的时间、造成的影响，督促人们加强风险前资金的投入，改进基础设施，为厄尔尼诺现象的发生做好准备。4What can we learn about El Nio in Paragraph 1?AIt is named after a South American fisherman.BIt takes place almost every year all over the world.CIt forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas.DIt sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean.答案：D细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“El Nio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.”可知，厄尔尼诺现象见证了大海中水流方向的变化。故选D。5What may El Nios bring about to the countries affected?AAgricultural harvests in rich countries fall.BDroughts become more harmful than floods.CRich countries gains are greater than their losses.DPoor countries suffer less from droughts economically.答案：C细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“Rich countries gain more from powerful Nios, on balance, than they lose.”可知，总的来说富裕国家从强有力的厄尔尼诺现象中收获的比失去的多。故C项正确。6The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that _.Amore investment should go to risk reductionBgovernments of poor countries need more aidCvictims of El Nio deserve more compensationDrecovery and reconstruction should come first答案：A推理判断题。根据文章第四段第三句“According to. (ODI), however, just 12% of disasterrelief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance.”可知，在过去二十年里仅有12%的灾难救济资金用于提前降低风险，因此第四段旨在说明应该投入更多的资金来降低风险。7What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?ATo introduce El Nio and its origin.BTo explain the consequences of El Nio.CTo show ways of fighting against El Nio.DTo urge people to prepare for El Nio.答案：D推理判断题。综合全文内容并结合文章最后一段可知，本文旨在督促人们为厄尔尼诺现象做好准备。1term n. 术语；学期；条款 2.flame n. 火苗；火焰3reconstruction n. 重建；改造4causal adj. 因果关系的；有原因的5priority n. 优先事项；首要事情1the other way round 相反；反过来2bring about 导致；引起.短文改错(建议用时8)Mrs W