高中英语Unit1CareersandskillsSectionⅡ学案牛津译林版.docx

Unit 1Careers and skillsPart Word power，Grammar and usage，Task and Project1Included in this category are singers，actors and musicians.这一类包括歌手、演员和音乐家。1)该句为表语前置完全倒装句，谓语动词依据后面的主语用复数形式。In front of the class stands an old teacher，whose name is Mr.Smith.站在教室前面的老教师名叫史密斯先生。在there，here 引导的句子中，谓语是be，exist，live，lie 等表示状态的不及物动词时以及当in，out，down，up，over，away，off，back等副词作状语置于句首时，句子完全倒装。谓语是be，表语提前时，整个句子需倒装。2)include v包含，包括The tour included a visit to the Science Museum.这次旅游包括参观科学博物馆。including prep. 包括included adj. 包括inclusion n. 包含；杂质1.1)单项选择(1) John opened the door.There _ he had never seen before.Aa girl did standBa girl stoodCdid a girl stand Dstood a girl答案：D提示：here，there，thus，then等副词位于句首，且句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装结构。(2)For a moment nothing happened.Then _ all shouting together.Avoices had come Bcame voicesCvoices would come Ddid voices come答案：B提示：副词then位于句首，且当句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装结构，选B项。(3)Among all these presents _ a very nice watch，which was given by my friend John.Ais included Bare includedCincludes Dinclude答案：A提示：这是一个倒装句，主语为a very nice watch。2)用include适当形式填空(1)Your duty will _ putting the baby in bed.(2)I have to prepare food for seven people _ me.(3)His _ in the team is still in doubt.(4)We all went，me _.答案：(1)include(2)including(3)inclusion(4)included2.Like you，I have been thinking hard about what job I want to do in the future.跟你一样，我一直在想未来做什么工作。本句使用了现在完成进行时；现在完成进行时的构成为：have (has) been 现在分词表示一个动作开始于过去，并持续到现在，强调现在还在进行。完成进行时具备两种时态的一些因素，它具备进行体的“未完成性、暂时性、感情色彩等”和完成体的“与现在有关的过去的动作”的特点。表达两层含义：(1)动作从过去开始，进行到现在，还将继续下去。(2)在说话之前一直在做某事。She is very tired.She has been typing letters all days.她很累，她整天都在打信件。It has been raining since last Sunday.自上周日以来就一直在下雨。(强调说话者“抱怨”的感情色彩)注意以下两句的区别：I have written an article.(已完成)I have been writing an article.(还在写)2.单项选择(1)Why，David，you look so tired!Well，I _an article and I must finish it tomorrow.Awas writing Bwill be writingChave been writing Dhave written答案：C提示：句意：大卫，你看起来很累。嗯，我一直在写一篇论文，明天必须写完。现在完成进行时态表示从过去持续到现在并且还会继续下去的动作。(2)Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the moneymaking jobs they _ before leaving their hometowns.Apromised Bwere promisedChave promised Dhave been promised答案：D提示：现在完成时的被动语态。(3)What bad luck that we _ the football match in the last 3 minutes! Especially when we _ so hard in the past two months.Ahad lost；trained Bwere losing；had trainedChave lost；have trained Dlost；have been training答案：D提示：第一空叙述过去的一件事，第二空意为过去二个月里我们一直在训练。3.We need more men in our hospital，not as doctors，but as nurses.我们医院里需要更多的男士，不是当医生而是当护士。not.but.不是而是(在not 和but 之后置相同词类的单词、短语或从句)It was not what he said but the way he said it that made me angry.不是他说的话而是他说话的方式让我生气。当not.but.连接两个主语时，谓语动词符合就近原则。Not Mary but you are too busy to help me.不是玛丽而是你太忙了，不能帮我。3.1)翻译句子 (1)不是他而是他们才是运动员。_(2)不是我们所学的东西而是我们的学习方法重要。_答案：(1)Not he but they are athletes.(2)It is not what we learn but the way we learn it that matters.2)单项选择It is often said that the joy of travelling is _ in arriving at your destination _ in the journey itself.A/；but B/；orCnot；orDnot；but答案：D提示：句意：据说旅游的快乐不在于你所到达的地方而在于旅程本身4.Men make excellent carers and are equally as good as women at taking care of others.男士可以成为很优秀的护士，而且和女士一样善于护理别人。 1)make 有资格成为，能成为She will make a good teacher.她会成为一位好老师。2)as.as结构的用法Jack is as tall as his father.杰克和他的父亲一样高。 He doesnt speak English as/so fluently as you.他的英语说得不如你流利。as soon as 一就as/so long as 只要；达之久as well as 也，又，和 (连接句中并列成分)as good as 和一样好；几乎等于My bike is as good as new.我的自行车几乎和新的一样。as far as 远至，就而言As far as I am concerned，we had better promote our awareness of protecting our environment.就我而言，我们最好提高保护环境的意识。4.1)同义句转换She is qualified for a good doctor.She _ _ _ _.答案：makes a good doctor2)翻译句子这块布料可以做一条裙子。_.答案：This piece of cloth will make a skirt.3)单项选择(1)I have seldom seen Tom _ eager to go for an interview as he is now.AsoBveryCtooDrather答案：A提示：句意：我很少看到汤姆像现在一样急于去面试。(2)Acupuncture(针刺疗法) is _ at reducing back pain _ medicines，according to researchers.Atwice as effective；as Bas twice effective；than Ceffective as twice；as Dtwice effective as；than答案：A提示：句意： 根据研究人员的说法，在减轻背部疼痛方面，针灸疗法的效果是药物的两倍。本题考查“as.as”结构，倍数应位于第一个as之前。(3) Our holiday cost a lot of money. Did it？Well，that doesnt matter _ you enjoyed yourselves.Aas long as BunlessCas soon as Dthough答案：A提示：后一句为只要你们玩得开心，花多少钱就不重要。(4)How do you think of the selfdefense policy released last week?It is fine _ it goes，but it addresses only half of the prevention methods.Aas long as Bas far asCas well as Das often as答案：B提示：as far as it goes“就现状而言”。5.Also，male nurses can be a great help in keeping patients still while they receive painful treatment，such as when bandages covering wounds are changed.另外，当病人接受痛苦的治疗时，比如，当换绷带时，男护士会是很有力的助手来让病人静止不动。1)help 作“帮助”讲时是抽象名词，这里具体化为“帮手”，前面可以加上不定冠词。The dictionary is a great help to our English study.这本字典是我们英语学习的好帮手。抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。抽象名词与a (an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。a surprise 一件令人惊讶的事a success 一个(件)成功的人(事)an honor 一个(件)引以为荣的(事)a failure 一个(件)失败者(事)an experience 一次经历a pity 一件可惜的事情2)while 当的时候；尽管、虽然；表示对比， “而”We must strike while the iron is hot.我们要趁热打铁。 While I understand what you say，I cant agree with you.虽然我理解你的意思，但我还是不同意。Some people waste food while others havent enough.一些人糟蹋食物而另一些人却食不果腹。主句与从句主语相同，且从句谓语动词含有动词be时，通常可省略从句主语和动词be。He fell asleep while (he was) doing his homework.他做着功课就睡着了。5.1)翻译句子(1)我无法说哪种酒好这是个人口味爱好问题。I cant say which wine is bestits _ _ _ personal taste.(2)你没能去那里领奖，真是遗憾！_ _ _ that you couldnt be there to receive the prize!(3)他的新书获得了巨大的成功。His new book was _ _ _.答案：(1)a matter of(2)What a pity(3)a great success2)单项选择(1)The winning of hosting _ 2014 Youth Olympic Games is _ victory not only for Nanjing residents，but for _ people of the whole Chinese nation.Athe；a；theBa；the；aCa；a；the Dthe；the；a答案：A提示：句意：成功的申办2014年青奥会不仅是南京人民的胜利，也是整个中华民族的胜利。本题考查冠词，第一个和第三个空都表示特指；第二个空是用抽象名词表示具体含义，此时为可数名词，往往用不定冠词修饰。(2)_ it is true that a students most important goal is to do well in his or her studies，it doesnt need to be the only goal.AWhen BAs CWhile DBefore答案：C(3)David Beckham suffered a serious injury this weekend _ playing in a match，and it appeared the soccer star would miss the World Cup.Awhile Bif Cwhere Dwhether答案：A(4)_ we admit that there are still some problems about NMET，we dont mean that it is of no use.AUntil BWhile CAs DUnless答案：B6.This allows the hospital to work more effectively than if we only approach problems one way.比起只用一种方法处理问题来这种做法让医院更有工作效率。approach v& n(距离、时间上)接近；逼近，接近(某状态)；(为某目的)接近(某人)，找(某人)商量；接洽，交涉；接近；通路；方法；着手对付，处理We approached the birds quietly and watched them.我们悄悄接近那些小鸟并观察它们。His work is approaching perfection.他的作品近乎完美。I approached him about filling the managers job.我找他商量，问他有无意向担任经理职位。Whats the best way of approaching the problem?处理这个问题的最佳办法是什么？The approach of the examination is making her nervous.考试逼近使她不安。All the approaches to the airport were blocked by the police.所有通向机场的路都被警察封锁了。He presents a new approach to foreign languages.他提出了学习外语的新方法。approachable adj.(场所)可接近的，可进入的；(人)易亲近的，可亲近的6.1)选出下列句子中approach的含义(1)The final exam is approaching；it is high time we should get into our studies. _ (2)I dont think refusing to negotiate is the right way to approach this problem. _ (3)If you are interested in working at a restaurant，the best approach is to go there and fill out an application form. _ (4)All the approaches to the palace were guarded by troops. _ A接近B方法C通路D处理答案：(1)A(2)D(3)B (4)C2)翻译句子(1)我们在接近十字路口时要放慢速度，不要闯红灯。We should always slow down while _ crossroads and never run red lights.(2)毕业的日子就要近了。The time for graduation _ _.答案：(1)approaching(2)is approaching3)单项选择(1)The school is trying its best to make more accommodation _ for increasing students.Aavailable BapproachableCaffordable Daccessible答案：A提示：available“可得到的，可利用的”；accessible“可进入的”；affordable“付得起的”；approachable“可接近的”。(2)In the lecture，the famous lecturer referred to three different _ to the study of physics.Ameans BmethodsCways Dapproaches答案：D提示：选项中四个词都表示方法，只有approach后跟介词to表示“的方法”。(3)In order to be promoted，he made _ to his boss.Aapproach BapproachesCapproaching Dapproached答案：B提示：make approaches to sb.表示“设法接近某人”。句意：为了得到提升，他设法接近老板。,7Currently，only seven per cent of our nursing staff are men；this number is far too low，and the problem requires correction.目前，只有7%的护士是男士，这个数目太少，这个问题需要更正。1)分数或百分数of 名词作主语，谓语动词要根据of 后的名词决定其单复数；staff 意为“全体职工”，所以用复数形式2)require vt.要求，需要This question requires considering/to be considered.这个问题需要考虑。All the members are required to attend the meeting.所有会员均应出席会议。The situation required that we (should) stay there.形势要求我们待在那儿。require sth of sb. 要求某人做某事What do you require of me？你要求我做什么？requirement n. 需求71)单项选择(1)_ of the money _ my parents.ATwo fifth；belongs toBTwo five；belongsCSecond fifths；is belonged toDTwo fifths；belongs to 答案：D提示：two fifths“五分之二”。分数或百分数of 名词作主语，谓语动词要根据of 后的名词决定其单复数，money不可数，所以用单数形式。(2)The parents are _ by law to send their children to school.Ademanded Brequired Crequested Dcalled答案：B提示：require强调根据事业、需要或纪律、法律等而提出的要求；demand 一般指理直气壮地提出强烈要求，或坚持不让对方拒绝的要求；request 一般指比较委婉的恳求。(3)_ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account.AWhat is required BWhat requiredCIt is required DIt requires答案：C提示：that从句为真正的主语，故采用it作形式主语。又因主语与require为被动关系，故选C项。2)同义句转换(1)The court required him to pay the fine.The court required that _ _ _ the fine.(2)The problem requires discussion.The problem requires _.The problem requires _ _ _.答案：(1)he should pay(2)discussing；to be discussed8.I am determined to take on more male nurses here at Central Hospital.在中心医院，我决定雇更多的男护士。1)be determined to do sth 决心做某事(表示状态，可与表示时间段的状语连用)We are determined to catch up with them in a month.我们下定决心一个月内赶上他们。2)take on 雇佣(某人)；承担(工作、责任)；呈现、显现(性质、外观)We want to take on a new secretary.我们想雇佣一个新秘书。Dont take on more work than you can do.不要接受超过你所能负荷的工作量。Chameleons take on the color of their surroundings.变色蜥蜴会显现出与自己周围事物相近的颜色。1)determine n/pron. 决定某事determine to do sth.决定做某事(表示动作，非延续动词短语)determine on/upon (doing)sth.就某事作出决定determined adj. 决定的；有决心的determination n. 决心表示“决心做某事”的说法还有：make up ones mind to do sth；decide to do sth.2) take after (长得)像(父母)take away 拿走；清理take back 取回，带回；归还；撤回take down 拿下；拆毁；解体take in 带进；收容；包含；理解；欺骗take off 脱掉；起飞；成功；突然大受欢迎take out 拿出take over 接管，接收take to 喜欢上；养成恶习take up 拿起；占(时间、空间)；开始产生兴趣；继续；搭载8.1)同义句转换(1)He decided to go for a walk after supper.He _ _ go for a walk after supper.He _ _ _ go for a walk after supper.He _ _ _ _ to go for a walk after supper.(2)She was taken on as a trainee.She was _ as a trainee.答案：(1)determined to；was determined to；made up his mind(2)employed2)单项选择(1)_ to give up smoking，he threw away his _ cigarettes.ADetermined；remainedBDetermined；remainingCDetermining；remainedDDetermining；remaining答案：B提示：句意：已经决定戒烟，他扔掉了余下的烟。determined to 表示状态；remaining“余下的；剩下的”。(2)After studying in a medical college for five years，Jane _ her job as a doctor in the countryside.Aset out Btook over Ctook up Dset up答案：C提示：take up 为“从事，做”的意思。(3)Were trying to ring you back，but we think we _ your number incorrectly.Alooked up Btook downCworked out Dbrought about答案：B提示：句意：我们设法给你回电话，但我们认为我们记错了你的电话号码。(4)Dont be _ by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.Ataken off Btaken out Ctaken away Dtaken in答案：D提示：句意：不要被那些承诺使你快速减肥的产品所欺骗。(5)Who do you think will _ now that the president has resigned?Atake over Btake up Ctake in Dtake off答案：A提示：句意：既然董事长已辞职，你认为谁会接任呢？(6)Internet shopping will really _ when people make sure that it is safe.Atake off Btake up Cset off Dset up答案：A提示：句意：当人们确信网上购物是安全的时候，它将会非常流行。take off“大受欢迎”。9.I would rather sell things or promote ideas.我更喜欢销售东西或推销主意。1)would rather (not)do sth.宁愿(不)做某事I would rather go with you.我宁愿和你走。当后面接从句时应当用虚拟语气(did或had done)I would rather you went with me.我宁愿是你和我去。2)promote 促进；增进；助长；促销；使提拔，晋升；使晋级The policy helps promote economy growth.这项政策有助于促进经济增长。They spared no efforts to promote their products.他们不遗余力地促销他们的产品。She worked hard and was promoted to manager.她工作努力，晋升为经理。promotion n. 升职；提示；促销There is a big promotion over there.那里有一个大促销活动。9.单项选择(1)George is going to talk about the geography of his country，but Id rather he _ more on its culture.Afocus BfocusedCwould focus Dhad focused答案：B提示：would rather后用虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，此处用动词的过去式。(2)Students who pass the test will be _ to the next grade.Apossessed Bpromoted Cproposed Dallowed答案：B提示：句意：通过考试的学生会升到下一年级。promote有“晋升”的意思。(3)Advertising companies are always having to think up new ways to _ products.Adesign Bclassify Cpromote Didentify答案：C提示：promote有“促销”之意。(4)The government is trying to do something to _ a better understanding between the two countries.Apromote Braise Cimprove Dincrease答案：A提示：句意：政府正尽力采取措施来增进两国之间更好的了解。10.Find the letter which you chose the most often and look at the description which corresponds with it below.找出你选的最多的字母并且看看下面与之一致的描述。1)该句中有两个which 引导的定语从句，分别修饰the letter和the description。注意which 引导的定语从句既可指代一个单词也可指代整句话的内容。2)correspond with/to 与相一致；符合The written record of the conversation does not correspond to what was actually said.那次谈话的文字记录与原话不符。correspond (to sth.) 类似于；相当于The British job of Lecturer corresponds roughly to the US Associate Professor.英国的讲师职位大致相当于美国的副教授。correspond (with sb.) (与某人)通信区分几个常考短语：submit to 顺从，屈服subscribe to 订阅；定期捐助；同意，赞成resign oneself to 只凭；只好接受；顺从10.1)单项选择(1)(Wind power is