ASP 概述外文翻译.doc

三峡大学科技学院 毕业设计（论文）译文译文题目 ASP: An Introduction 学生姓名：朱财猛 学号： 2009412111 专业：计算机科学与技术 班级：20094121 指导教师： 陈俊玲 评阅教师： 陈俊玲 完成日期 二一三年 二 月 二十五 日ASP 概述ASP是Active Server Page的缩写，意为“动态服务器页面”。ASP是微软公司开发的代替CGI脚本程序的一种应用，它可以与数据库和其它程序进行交互，是一种简单、方便的编程工具。ASP的网页文件的格式是 .asp。现在常用于各种动态网站中。另外阿斯匹林、天门冬氨酸、阿里软件销售合作伙伴、美国武装系统暨程序公司等的缩写也都为ASP。1.ASP的起源对于ASP模式和ASP企业起源的研究可以从两个方面入手，一个是从业务和技术的角度，从ASP业务构成的发展历史来进行研究；另一个是从组织机构发展的角度，来研究目前ASP企业的由来和演化过程。将上述发展阶段综合起来，简单的说，目前的ASP提供商的历史和发展道路可以简单的描述为：第一类，从过去的ISP发展起来，围绕基础设施和通讯功能，与软件厂商合作，增加业务范围，发展到现在的IDC（互联网数据中心）；第二类，过去的ISV（独立软件提供商）和VAR（增值服务转售商），在互联网时代，改变过去的营销方式，将过去以软件产品的出售为主转向以使用权租赁为主，从物理载体的打包封装方式转向现在在线和远程运行方式为主，通过与网络运营商的合作，实现向ASP的转型；第三类，传统的大型组织的IT服务部门和传统的咨询公司，在对于互联网的深刻认识的基础上，依靠长期的经验，开始为其他客户进行系统方案的设计和实施，通过建立在与网络运行商和应用软件制造商之间的联盟关系，实现以系统集成商身份出现的ASP提供商。2. ASP的发展历史与分类从1996年ASP诞生到2012年已经过去了17年。在这短短的17年中，ASP发生了重大的变化，直到现在的ASP。asp的第一版是0.9测试版，自从1996年ASP1.0诞生，它给Web开发界带来了福音。早期的Web程序开发是十分繁琐的，以至于要制作一个简单的动态页面需要编写大量的C代码才能完成，这对于普通的程序员来说有点难了。而ASP却允许使用VBScript这种的简单脚本语言，编写嵌入在HTML网页中的代码。在进行程序设计的时候可以使用它的内部组件来实现一些高级功能（例如Cookie）。它的最大的贡献在于它的ADO(ActiveX Data Object），这个组件使得程序对数据库的操作十分简单，所以进行动态网页设计也变成一件轻松的事情。因此一夜之间，Web程序设计不再是想像中的艰巨任务，仿佛很多人都可以一显身手。到了1998年，微软发布了ASP 2.0。它是Windows NT4 Option Pack的一部分，作为IIS(Internet Information Services，互联网信息服务) 4.0的外接式附件。它与ASP 1.0的主要区别在于它的外部组件是可以初始化的，这样，在ASP程序内部的所有组件都有了独立的内存空间，并可以进行事务处理。到了2000年，随着Windows 2000的成功发布，这个操作系统的IIS(Internet Information Services，互联网信息服务) 5.0所附带的ASP 3.0也开始流行。与ASP 2.0相比，ASP 3.0的优势在于它使用了COM+，因而其效率会比它前面的版本要好，并且更稳定。2001年，ASPNET出现了。在刚开始开发的时候，它的名字是ASP+，但是，为了与微软的NET计划相匹配，并且要表明这个ASP版本并不是对ASP 3.0的补充，微软将其命名为ASPNET。ASPNET在结构上与前面的版本大相径庭，它几乎完全是基于组件和模块化的，Web应用程序的开发人员使用这个开发环境可以实现更加模块化的、功能更强大的应用程序。3. ASP模式的发展基础ASP作为一个崭新的概念，它的提出和成形不过是半年多的时间，但在美国及其它IT产业快速发展的国家，ASP正成为主导电子商务未来的一种新兴业务模式，ASP产生和发展的前提条件主要基于以下IT技术的成熟:Internet的普及：Internet逐步深入人们生活，大量的基于Web的解决方案不断涌现，这些都使得远程的基于主机的应用方案成为可能；带宽不断增大和价格不断下降：增长的通信性能和持续减少的带宽费用，使主机上的应用程序可以通过Internet和瘦客户机来访问；客户机/服务器环境下的可共享应用：在ASP概念中的远程访问，用户早已经在客户机/服务器环境下习以为常,这使得远程访问和共享应用成为可接受的一种业务模式；浏览器成为广泛接受的图形界面应用程序：浏览器技术的广泛应用及开发为基于Web的计算和瘦客户机的计算聚集了足够的技术及人力资源，以及良好的用户基础； 电子商务解决方案的潜力：先进的电子商务解决方案，与ASP的概念一起分享了许多棘手的业务和技术问题，例如系统的安全性和可靠性。所以，电子商务的巨大动力也在推动ASP的前进。4.ASP网页特点ASP是一种服务器端脚本编写环境，可以用来创建和运行动态网页或Web应用程序。ASP网页可以包含HTML标记、普通文本、脚本命令以及COM组件等。利用ASP可以向网页中添加交互式内容（如在线表单），也可以创建使用HTML网页作为用户界面的web应用程序。与HTML相比，ASP网页具有以下特点：利用ASP可以实现突破静态网页的一些功能限制，实现动态网页技术；ASP文件是包含在HTML代码所组成的文件中的，易于修改和测试；服务器上的ASP解释程序会在服务器端执行ASP程序，并将结果以HTML格式传送到客户端浏览器上，因此使用各种浏览器都可以正常浏览ASP所产生的网页；ASP提供了一些内置对象，使用这些对象可以使服务器端脚本功能更强。例如可以从web浏览器中获取用户通过HTML表单提交的信息，并在脚本中对这些信息进行处理，然后向web浏览器发送信息；ASP可以使用服务器端ActiveX组件来执行各种各样的任务，例如存取数据库、发送Email或访问文件系统等；由于服务器是将ASP程序执行的结果以HTML格式传回客户端浏览器，因此使用者不会看到ASP所编写的原始程序代码，可防止ASP程序代码被窃取； 方便连接ACCESS与SQL数据库；开发需要有丰富的经验，否则会留出漏洞，让骇客（cracker）利用进行注入攻击。ASP也不仅仅局限于与HTML结合制作WEB网站，而且还可以与XHTML和WML语言结合制作WAP手机网站。但是其原理也是一样的。6.ASP-工作原理当在Web站点中融入ASP功能后，将发生以下事情：1、用户向浏览器地址栏输入网址，默认页面的扩展名是.asp。2、浏览器向服务器发出请求。3、服务器引擎开始运行ASP程序。4、ASP文件按照从上到下的顺序开始处理，执行脚本命令，执行HTML页面内容。5、页面信息发送到浏览器。6.中国ASP市场概况2000年，中国ASP市场的总销售额是3300万美元，约占全球总销售额的0.3%。IDC预计，2000年到2004年大中国区ASP市场的年平均增长率是64%，到2004年，大中国区ASP市场的容量将达到2.43亿美元。IDC认为，中国ASP市场在2000年年初时开始萌芽，现在仍然是一个不成熟的初期市场，其表现为市场上存在着为数不少的中小型以应用服务为主的公司，主要是那些传统的独立软件开发商、系统集成商和.com公司。但这些公司在本身提供服务的能力和公司规模上都不具备太大的竞争力。我国的互联网发展在经历了狂热之后，今年开始趋于理智与规范。现在正是应该总结与调整网站产业发展道路的时候，我们为此需要重新思考与认识互联网本身的特性与优势。其高效、简捷、个性化、资源共享、跨越时空以及相对低廉的成本等特性，是它得以高速发展的原动力。现阶段，那些以提供应用服务为主的公司仍然面临着挑战。首先，在非IT行业中，销售应用服务这种模式还远远没有被大众所接受，因为大多数的传统行业还没有认识到ASP方式可以给他们带来利益；其次，如何将应用程序以一种类似于整体解决方案的方式来销售、如何制订价格体系都是ASP厂商所面临的重要问题; 最后，如何通过提供应用程序服务及传统的软件销售模式来参与竞争，也是中国ASP们应该认真思考的问题。而当前，大多数的网站的运营原则与上述互联网的优势和特性相距甚远，网站的操作思路似乎仍然停留在旧时代的经营模式与经营理念之中。但同时，中国市场的现状是企业间竞争不断加剧、电子商务迅速发展以及数以千万计的中小型企业都普遍缺乏资金和训练有素的职业IT人员，这些原因也会促进ASP这种模式在中国的发展。这种模式的网站规模也如同大型企业或大型公司，可以说麻雀虽小、五脏俱全。 相信在不久的将来，内容制作及客户服务将会成为网站的一项关键性的工作。即使在内容制作方面，也不必使人员完全固定和集中。最新出现的技术已使我们可以直接在互联网上瞬间完成网页的组织、交流、合成与移植，网站公司中的庞大行政与人事管理机构将不复存在；随着社会的进步，人类生活将与互联网息息相关，网站公司将不需要投入大量的人力及巨额资金进行铺天盖地、推销到户式的宣传；而中国企业选择ASP厂商时重点考虑的因素也集中在数据安全性保证、专业IT人员的素质等方面。同时，由于对ASP这种新的服务形式信心不足，对ASP厂商信誉度的依赖也是一个相当普遍的现象。排在这些因素之后的选择因素还包括价格、实施速度和应用程序的可扩展性等。但是我们正在期待的，即将发展起来的ASP服务事业，将为网站建设提供模块组合式的系统集成服务。它甚至可以使个人建立功能完善的主页而无需涉足任何技术开发。所以网站运作从此就可以摆脱庞大的技术开发与维护机构，这是未来ASP的发展方向及市场的趋势。如果我们把它说成是使未来网站事业全盘皆活的钥匙，那将一点都不言过其实。IDC认为，在今后的两年中，中国的ASP市场会逐步走向成熟，也势必会淘汰一批商业模式不清或本身能力较差的公司，到2003年，中国ASP市场将呈现出稳步增长的趋势。而协同应用软件市场、垂直行业ASP市场、SCM 应用软件市场、CRM应用软件市场则将是在今后两年中发展较快、拥有较多商业机会的领域。 原文：ASP: An IntroductionActive Server Page ASP is short for Active Server Pages. ASP is an application developed by Microsoft instead of CGI scripts, it can interact with databases and other programs, is a simple and convenient programming tools. ASP page file format. Asp. Now commonly used in a variety of dynamic websites. In addition, aspirin, aspartate, Ali software sales partner, the United States armed Systems and procedures companies such abbreviations are ASP.The first. Origin of ASP The research to ASP mode and ASP enterprises origin can proceed with two respects , one to in terms of business and technology , is it carry on research to come from ASP developing history that business commit; Another one is studies the origins of ASP enterprises and evolution course at present in terms of organizations development.Whether stand up synthetically above-mentioned developing stage, to put it briefly, present ASP history and development path of provider can simple to describe as:The first, developed from the past ISP, rounded the infrastructure and communication function, cooperate with software manufacturer, increase the business scope, develop into the present IDC (the data centre of Internet)；The second，the past ISV (independent software provider ) and VAR (the trader that resells value-added service ), at Internet age , changed the marketing way in the past , would rely mainly on sale of the software product to change direction to rely mainly on the fact that right to use is leased in the past, bale from physics carrier encapsulation way change direction and long-range operation way main fact now, through the cooperation with network operator , realize the transition to ASP；The third ，IT service departments and traditional advisory companies of traditional large- scale organization, at the foundation known deeply in Internet , depend on long-term experience, is it carry on systematic design and implementation of scheme for other customer to begin, through establish in with trader who operates network and alliance relation between the application software manufacturer, realize the ASP provider that appears in the capacity of system integration trader.The second. The developing history and classification of ASPASP was born from 1996 to 2012, 17 years have passed. In just 17 years, the ASP significant changes until now ASP.The asps first edition is 0.9 Beta born, since 1996 ASP1.0 bring the Gospel to the Web development community. The early Web application development is very tedious, so you want to make a simple dynamic page need to write a lot of C code to complete a bit difficult for ordinary programmers. ASP but allows the use of this simple VBScript scripting language to write code embedded in HTML pages. During program design can use its internal components to achieve some of the advanced features (such as cookies). Its greatest contribution is that it ADO (ActiveX Data Object), this component makes the program very easy operation of the database, so dynamic web design has become an easy thing. Therefore overnight, Web programming is no longer a daunting task in the imagination, as if a lot of people can show their skills.In 1998, Microsoft released ASP 2.0. It is part of the Windows NT4 Option Pack, as IIS (Internet Information Services, Internet Information Services) 4.0 add-on. The main difference is that with ASP 1.0 external components can be initialized, so that all components within the ASP program has a separate memory space, and can carry out the transaction.Released in 2000, with the success of Windows 2000 operating system, IIS (Internet Information Services, Internet Information Services) 5.0 comes with ASP 3.0 became popular. Compared with ASP 2.0, ASP 3.0 the advantage is that it uses COM +, and thus its efficiency will be better than its previous version, and more stable.In 2001, ASP NET. The beginning of the development of its name is ASP +, but, in order to plan with Microsoft NET match, and to show that this version of the ASP is not complementary to ASP 3.0, Microsoft to name ASP NET. ASP NET structure different from the previous version, it is almost entirely based on components and modular, Web application developers use the development environment can be achieved more modular and more powerful applications.The third. The development foundation of ASP mode ASP as one brand-new concept, proposition and it takes shape to be just time for more than half a year of it, but in U.S.A. and other fast-developing countries of IT industry, ASP is becoming a kind of new developing business mode of leading e-commerce in the future, main maturity based on following IT technology of precondition that ASP produces and develops: Popularization of Internet: Internet deepens peoples life progressively , a large number of solutions based on Web are emerging constantly, all these make long-range application scheme based on host computer become possible; The bandwidth is increasing and dropping with the price constantly constantly: Communication performance and bandwidth expenses reduced continuously increased, make the application program at the host computer able to visit through Internet and tight client; Whether client / server can use by sharing under the environment. The remote access in ASP concept , users have already been accustomed to under the enviroment of client / the server, this make remote access and is it is it become acceptable first business mode to use to share; The browser becomes figure interface application program accepting extensively: The wide application and development of the technology of the browser have gathered enough technology and human resources for the calculation based on the calculation of Web and thin client, and good user s foundation; Potentiality of e-commerce solution: Advanced e-commerce solution, has shared a lot of thorny business and technological question together with concept of ASP, such as systematic security and dependability. So, the enormous motive force of e-commerce is promoting the advancing of ASP.The fourth. ASP pages FeaturesASP is a server-side scripting environment that can be used to create and run dynamic Web page or Web application. ASP pages can contain HTML tags, text, script commands, and COM components. ASP add interactive content to Web pages (such as online form), it can also create HTML pages as the user interface of the web application. Compared with HTML, ASP pages have the following characteristics: ASP can achieve breakthroughs in some functional limitations of static pages, dynamic web technology; ASP file is contained in a file in the HTML code, easy to modify and test; server ASP interpreter will be executed on the server side ASP program, and the results are sent to the client browser in HTML format, using various browsers can normally browse ASP pages; ASP provides a number of built-in objects, these objects can be powerful server-side scripting. For example, is available from the web browser access to the user through the HTML form to submit the information, and these information processing in the script, then send information to the web browser; ASP can use server-side ActiveX components to perform a variety of tasks, such as access to the database, send Email or access to the file system; due the server ASP program execution results back to the client browser in HTML format, so users will not see the original program written in ASP code prevents ASP code stolen; convenient connection to ACCESS and SQL database; developers need to have a wealth of experience, otherwise it will leave loopholes allow a hacker (cracker) using injection attacks.ASP also is not limited to HTML combined production WEB site, and can also be combined with XHTML and WML language production of WAP mobile site. However, its principle is the same.The fifth. ASP-worksIntegrate into the ASP Web site, the following things will happen:1, users enter the URL to the browser address bar, the default page extension. Asp.2, the browser makes a request to the server.3, the server engine began to run the ASP program.4, ASP file to start processing the order from top to bottom, execute script commands, the implementation of the HTML page content.5, page information sent to the browser.The sixth. China ASP markets overview In 2000, the total sales amount of China ASP market was 33 million dollars, accounted for 0.3% of global total sales amount. IDC is expected, the annual average rate of increase of the large China district ASP market will be 64% from 2000 to 2004, by 2004, the capacity of the large China district ASP market will reach 243 million dollars. China ASP market began to sprout when the beginning of 2000, remains the market for an unripe initial stage now, it show as the market store medium and small-scale specializing in using and serving Company that comes up to a large number in, it is mainly those traditional independent software developers , system integration trader and .com Company. But company these possess heavy competitiveness too at ability and Company scale that itself provide service. Internet of our country develops after going through fanatically, begins to tend towards reason and norm this year. It is exactly while summarizing and adjusting websites industrys development path now, we need to think and know Internets own characteristic and advantage again for this. Its characteristics, such as high-efficient, simple and direct, individualized, resource-sharing, crossing over space-time and relatively cheap cost, etc., it is the motive power that it must use high-speed development. At the present, those companies specializing in offering service of using still face the challenge. First of all, in among being IT trade, is it is it serve these kind of mode far accept by masses even to use to sell, because most traditional trades have not realized yet that ASP way can bring the interests to them; Secondly, how to sell the application program in a kind of way which is similar to the whole solution, it is all important problems that ASP manufacturers face how to make pricing system; Finally, how be through offer application program service and traditional software sell mode participate in the competition, it is a question that China ASP should be pondered deeply too. And at present, the operation principles of most websites are remote from above-mentioned advantage and characteristic in Internet, the trains of thought of operation of websites seem that still stays in management mode and management theory in old era. But at the same time, the current situation of the Chinese market is that the competition is being aggravated constantly among enterprises, e-commerce is developed rapidly and ten millions of small and medium enterprises all generally lack the fund and well-trained job IT personnel, these reasons will promote the development in China of this kind of mode of ASP too. The scale of website of this kind of mode is like large-scale enterprises or large-scale company too, we can say although the sparrow is small, the five internal organs are available. A key job of believing that in the near future , the content will be made and the customer service will become websites. Even make the respect in the content, neednt make personnel totally regular and centralized either. The most emerging technology has already made us able to finish the organization, exchange of the webpage, format and transplanting in the twinkling of an eye on Internet directly, the huge administration in websites company and personnel management organization will have passed out of existence; With the progress of the society, human life will be closely linked with Internet ,