2018届中考英语总复习专题检测17阅读理解_说明文二试题.docx

专题检测十七阅读理解说明文(二)(时间:30分钟满分:50分)阅读理解(每小题2分,共50分)Passage1(2017湖北枣阳下学期期末)Teachers at American colleges and universities have many different teaching methods.Some teachers give homework and check homework every day,and students in their classes have to take many exams.Some teachers give only writing tasks.Some teachers always follow a course outline and usually use the textbook.Others send students to the library for tasks.The atmosphere(气氛)in some classrooms is very formal.Students call their teachers Professor(教授)Smith,Mrs.Jones and so on.Some teachers wear business clothes and give talks.Other classrooms have an informal(非正式的)atmosphere.Students and teachers discuss their ideas.Teachers dress informally,and students call them by their first names.American teachers are different in their teaching styles.At most American colleges and universities,libraries and learning centers can be used by students at any time.They can often use tape recorders,video machines and computers.They can buy books,notebooks and other things at campus stores.There are also services(服务)to students.They can get advice on their problems from their teachers.Colleges and universities usually offer facilities(设施)to students.Some schools have swimming pools and tennis courts.Most have fast food restaurants.1.At American colleges and universities,some teachers C.A.never give their students any homeworkB.give classes in the libraryC.give only writing tasksD.only give their students writing exams2.In an informal class,B.A.students call their teachers Professor Smith,Mrs.Jones and so onB.students discuss their ideas with their teachersC.students have to take many examsD.teachers dress formally3.The underlined word “campus” means A in Chinese.A.校园B.工厂C.社区D.广场4.According to the passage,most colleges and universities in America have B.A.swimming poolsB.fast food restaurantsC.tennis courtsD.basketball courts5.Which of the following is not mentioned in this passage?DA.Teaching methods.B.Teaching styles.C.College facilities(设施).D.University dinning rooms.Passage2(2017山东临沂经济开发区一模)According to a new report,Americans drink more soda(苏打)than ever before.Do your parents ever try to limit how much soda you drink?Do they say drinking too much isnt good for you?Right now,in New York,Mayor(市长)Michael Bloomberg also limits how much soda you can haveand it is not only for you but also for adults!Starting in March,2013,places like movie theaters,restaurants and sports centers,cant sell sodas larger than 473 mL.Sellers who break the ban(禁令)will face a $200 fine.But you can still get whatever size you want at supermarkets.Why is drinking too much soda unhealthy for you?A study shows that for every soda a child drinks every day,their obesity(肥胖)risk appears to jump 60%.In New York,more than half of adults and nearly 40% of children are overweight.Obesity kills thousands of New Yorkers every year and the city spends as much as $4 billion a year on medical care for overweight and obese people.New York has a population of about 8 million.Of course,its impossible for all New Yorkers to agree on the ban.There are different opinions.Keith Aiken believes the ban can help fight teens obesity.“Clearly,soda causes teens obesity.We have to do something.” he says.Chuck Kallenbach doesnt think the ban can work.He says,“I cant buy a large cup of soda,but I can buy two small cups.” Michael Tansini says,“Whatever size cup I want is my own business.No one should limit it!”1.This passage is mainly written for C.A.teachersB.adultsC.teenagersD.sellers2.Where can one get sodas larger than 473 mL in New York after March,2013?DA.At movie theaters.B.At restaurants.C.At sports centers.D.At supermarkets.3.Who are against the ban?AA.Chuck Kallenbach and Michael Tansini.B.Michael Bloomberg and Keith Aiken.C.Michael Bloomberg and Chuck Kallenbach.D.Keith Aiken and Michael Tansini.4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?DA.New York is a city with abut 80,000,000 people.B.Over half of children are overweight or obese in New York.C.Nearly 40% of New Yorkers are against the large-size soda ban.D.Thousands of New Yorkers lost their lives every year because of obesity.5.The underlined word “fine” means B in Chinese.A.投资B.罚款C.贷款D.债务导学号33404281Passage3(2017江苏南京押题卷)The days of having to carry a phone charger(充电器)everywhere could soon be over.Researchers from America have made great progress in getting energy from human motion(运动).They say smartphones could get enough power just by the motion of fingers on the screen.The low-cost device(装置)has already been tested in an American university.Scientists successfully showed an LED touch screen,a total of 20 LED lights and a keyboard,all with a simple touching or pressing motion and without the help of a battery(电池).“What I predicted is the possibility of not having to charge your smartphone for a whole week,for example,because that energy will be produced by your motion,” said one of the researchers.The completed device is as thin as a sheet of paper.Electrical energy is created when you press it.The device used to power the LED lights is the size of a hand while the device used to power the touch screen is as small as a finger.The device will become more powerful when folded.Each time you fold it,the energy you create will be doubled.You can start with a large device,but when you fold it once,and again,and again,its now much smaller,and has more energy.It may be small enough to put in a specially made heel of your shoe so it can create power each time your heel knocks the ground.The researchers are also developing technology that would send the power produced from the heel strike to an earphone.1.According to researchers from America,smartphones will get power from A.A.the moving of fingersB.a new kind of batteryC.the moving of headsD.the solar energy2.How long may the new way keep your smartphone powered?CA.One day.B.Two days.C.One week.D.Half a month.3.How large is the device used to power the touch screen?BA.The size of a book.B.The size of a finger.C.The size of a sheet of paper.D.The size of a hand.4.What does the underlined word “heel” mean in Chinese?BA.鞋带B.鞋后跟C.鞋垫D.鞋帮5.What does the passage mainly tell us?DA.A new kind of smartphone.B.A new kind of LED light.C.A kind of LED touch screen.D.A new way to gain energy.导学号33404282Passage4(2017湖北枣阳期末)On August 15,2011,the Ministry of Public Security(公安部)started a campaign(活动)to educate drivers about the dangers of driving after drinking.As a part of the campaign,police officers watched bars,restaurants and KTVs in Beijing,Shanghai,Liaoning,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Hubei and Guangdong.It ended up on December 30.But it told the drivers the meaning of the new traffic laws and the dangers of drinking.In Beijing,some restaurants put up notices and told drivers about their responsibility.“Usually if a group of guests come by car,the driver wont drink.If he does,we will remind him,” said a waitress from Dongfang Restaurant in Beijing.Fewer drivers are drinking alcohol(酒精)nowadays,since many know about the campaign.Wang Lankun,a traffic policeman in Beijing said,“Some drivers think a glass of beer is not a problem.But a blood test will show that their blood-alcohol level is more than 20mg for each 100mL of blood;that is enough to affect their driving.”During the campaign,drivers who have a blood-alcohol level of over 20mg for each 100ml of blood will get a fine of 500 yuan.Also,they will not be allowed to drive for three months.In fact,there are strict laws to punish drunk driving in many other countries.For example,in the USA,if someone has a blood-alcohol level of over 80mg for each 100mL of blood,he will be sent to prison for one year.But in Britain,he will be fined 5,000 pounds and banned(禁止)from driving for 12 months,also he will be sent to prison for 6 months.In Germany,if a driver has a blood-alcohol level of over 60mg for each 100ml of blood,he wont be allowed to drive until he passes a new driving test.1.How long did the campaign last?BA.For about half a year.B.For about four and a half months.C.For about 12 months.D.For about three months.2.The police officers watched many places except C.A.restaurantsB.KTVsC.schoolsD.bars3.If a driver drinks a glass of beer before driving in China,C.A.it wont affect his drivingB.he will take a new driving test and get a drivers licenseC.he wont be allowed to drive for three monthsD.his blood-alcohol level will be over 60mg for each 100mL of blood4.If a driver has a blood-alcohol level of over 80mg for each 100mL of blood in Germany,which punishment will he accept?BA.One year in prison.B.Banned until he passes a new driving test.C.A 12-month ban from the roads.D.A fine of 5,000 pounds.5.From the text,we know A.A.the waitress in the restaurant can remind the driver not to drinkB.more and more drivers are drinking alcohol nowadaysC.the Ministry of Public Security began this campaign to punish the driversD.all drivers must pass a new driving test if they drive after drinkingPassage5(2017山东临沂经济开发区一模)solar treesIndian scientists have designed a new device(设备)that they hope will solve one of the biggest problems with the use of solar energy.They call the device a solar tree.Solar trees have metal “branches”(分枝).Each branch holds a solar panel(太阳能电池板).These panels have flat surfaces that collect energy from the sun and turn it into electricity.Daljit Singh Bedi is the chief(首席的)scientist at the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research in India.Bedi says the shape of the solar trees makes it possible to fit more solar panels in a space than traditional systems do.This means less land would be needed to produce solar energy.“It takes abou