电力工程专业课程总结.doc

1. 电气工程导论 Einleitung des ElectroingenieurwesensServeral professors taught us this course,each of them have a few hours.Its at the most beginning of the first semester.A brief talk about what well learn in the next four years.which courses are there .How many required courses and selective courses. Introduce to us about our bright rmations about our college. College of Electrical Engineering.CEE has the following six academic departments：Department of Electrical Machinery and Electrical ApparatusDepartment of Power System and its AutomationDepartment of High Voltage and Insulation TechnologyDepartment of Power Electronics and Power DrivesDepartment of Electrical Engineering Theory and New TechnologyDepartment of Architectural Electrical and IntelligenceElectric power industry consists of five parts电力工业: 1.Generation2.Transmission3.Voltage transformation4.Distribution5.Usage2. 高等数学 Hhere MathematikWell，its an mathematic fundation course.Differential and integral. y=ex3 y=3x2ex3 .If we have a function we can know the extreme value by differential it.The first order derivative at this point equals zero.And when the second order derivative is bigger than zero(positive),this point is the minimum value.When the second order derivative is negative,this point is the maximum value.3.线性代数 Lineare AlgebraThis course taught us how to calculate the matrix.For example matrix multiply matrix.(写式子) or use matrix to solve equations.(写式子).Whats more,how to get the reverse matrix of a certain matrix.Linear algebra 线性代数This course is divided into two parts. The first part is determinant, and the second part is matrix. A rectangular array of numbers, between two vertical lines, is called a determinant. A rectangular array of numbers, enclosed in a large pair of either parenthesis or brackets, is called a matrix. The size or dimensions of a matrix are specified by stating the number of rows and the number of columns it contains. If the matrix consists of m rows and n columns, it is said to be an m by n matrix. In this course, we learned the calculation of determinant and matrix. For example, the calculation of determinant, the multiplication of matrices, and so on.4.概率论与数理统计 Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und mathematische StatistikTaught us how to calculate the probability of a certain event.For example there are 10 balls in the box.4 of them are black,6 of them are white.We grab 3 ball out of box,without put back.The probability of all of them are black is P=C3-4/C3-10 Probability and statistics 概率论与数理统计In this course, the main content is probability, we learned some basic probability models such as classical probability model. I can give you an example about the classical probability.5.工程制图 Technische Zeichnungthis course teach us how to draw a component on the paper. From three angle of view. Front view/ top view/side view. Give me the graphic of a component,i can know what exactly what it looks like. Or in the opposite way. It is the communication method between designer and mechanicer.For example,金字塔Pyramid. From the front view and side view it is a triangle .From the top view it looks like this-a square.6.认识实习 Kognitives Pratikumwe go to several enterprises/places. Such as electrical machinery plant/transformer substation/power station/Transformer factory7.电子实习 Elektronenpraktikumeach student make a multimeter.both the component and the desigh are given by our teacher.we justPull everything together use electric soldering iron.金工实习 Metallbearbeitungspraktikumwell there is a Machinery Plant in our university .we went there to figur out how the component are maded out of metal.车床 德: Drehmaschine英: Lathe / 铣床milling machine/电焊electrowelding. but those machine are pretty old. 8. 大学物理 Universitts-PhzsikThis course taught us a lots physic knowledge,such as classical mechanics /light/electrical/heat/movement.声 光 力 电 热 动classical mechanics/S=V0t+1/2at2 力的合成 平行四边形法则 parallelogram rule/ 矢量和 vector sum F=ma G=gm1m2/r2 E=1/2 Cu2 电容capacitance 欧姆定律Ohms law 功 work 定轴转动与平动对比大学物理实验 Doppler effect/9. 电路原理 SchaltungsprinzipThis course taught us the characteristic of circuit. How to analyse circuit.How to simplify circuit. For example,Resister U=IR,capacitor I=C du/dt ,inductor U=L di/dt,Kirchhoffs Law.KVL:U=0 KCL:I=010.电路原理实验 Schaltungsprinzipenexperiment This is an experiment course.Let me think about it.For example,use bridge method to measure the resistor.(图)11.复变函数 Funktionen der komplexvariablenOn this course we learned Fourier transform and Laplace transform. Fourier transform is from time domain to frequency domain.Laplace transform is from time domain to complex frequency domain.These are the functions of F and L transform. We can use it to get the transfer function of a specific system.For example,(图)12.工程力学 IngenieurmechanikEngineering mechanics is all about balance.When an object is standstill or move in a constant speed without change the direction,we can say that all the force on the object is balanced. For example, two balanced force is in the opposite direction,with the same big value.Whats more.Let me draw a picture.(图)This single force is equal to this force and this torque of couple. 13.数学实验 MathematikexperimentThis is a selective course.We learn to use Matlab to solve mathematic problems.For example we can use it to find out the solution of a equation. We use matlab to draw the graph of equation.then zoom in to find out the crosspoint.(matlab例程) x=0:1:100 y=2x2+3x+1 Plot(x,y)14.电磁场原理 Grundlage des elektrischen MagnetsfeldsThis lesson taught us the characteristic of electricfield and megneticfield.I can still remember the most important knowlege in this lesson is Maxwells equations.Let me write it down. Gausss law describes the relationship between an electric field and the electric charges that cause it: The electric field points away from positive charges and towards negative charges. In the field line description, electric field lines begin only at positive electric charges and end only at negative electric charges. Counting the number of field lines in a closed surface, therefore, yields the total charge enclosed by that surface. Gausss law for magnetism: magnetic field lines never begin nor end but form loops or extend to infinity. Faradays law describes how a time varying magnetic field creates (induces) an electric field. Ampres law with Maxwells correction states that magnetic fields can be generated in two ways: by electrical current and by changing electric fields.15.电磁兼容及电磁环境保护 Elektromagnetische Vertrglichkeit und elektromagnetischer UmweltschutyIts a selective course. When we disign a circuit me must consider the effect of the disturb from the electromagnetic enviriment.(electromagnetic interference) (EMI) So we should analyse the electromagnetic field. So the maxwells equations are very important.Let me write it down,(同上)And there are certain standards that the distant between transmission line or transformers and residential buildings.16.计算机辅助电路分析 Computer-untersttzende SchaltungsanalzseMatlab 的simulink策略 画个max发生器 放个探针 讲讲Pspice 引到毕设（than we will use the knowledge of this course）计算机技能训练 bungen fr ComputerfhigkeitenMatlab Protel（PCB-printed circuit board） Pspice大学计算机基础 Universitts Computergrundlage 程序设计技术 Programmierungstechnik We learned C language on this course.Let me write a code for example. （C例程）# include void main() int a,sum=0; for(a=1;a0;s-) for(j=0;j8000;j+); We can use 中断 interrupt to change the speed17.模拟电子技术 Analoge ElektronikOperational amplifier is an very useful device.Let me draw a picture.(图) The gain of an operational amplifier is extremly high.In the normal situation we use a negative feedback to reduce it.Make it more stable.For example(图) this is a voltage follower/amplifier/ the ratio between output voltage and input voltage is.运算放大器 二极管 三极管模拟电子技术实验 Analoge Elektronikexperiment模拟电子技术课程设计 Kursdesign der analogen Elektronik18.数字电子技术 Digital ElektronikDigital electronic technique is diffrent from analog electronics technique.Logic is very important in this lesson,For example logic calculation, or use Karnaugh map to simplify the expression. Some Chips like encoder and decoder.(图和表)（码制number system）数字电子技术实验 digitalen Elektronikexperiment数字电子技术课程设计 Kursdesign der digitalen Elektronik19.信号与系统 Signal und SystemIts all about process the signal.For example fourier transform and laplace transform.Fourier transform is from time domain to frequency domain.Laplace transform is from time domain to complex frequency domain.（傅里叶式子 拉氏变换式子）可引至自动控制原理20.电力电子技术 Elektrische und elektronische TechnikAC/DC DC/AC Its the technology to control or change the electricity.We use controllable power electronic device to reform the power source.For example,AC to DC converter.(图)DC to AC converter(图).21.自动控制原理 Prinzip der automatischen SteuerungClassic automation is based on transfer function.But how to get the transfer function of a certain system.We use Laplace transform.It transform the equation from time domain to frequency domain.Its easy to calculate.For example. This is a circuit with a resistor and an inductor.The ratio of the output and input is the transfer function.(图和式子) If the transfer function is complicated,we can simplify it.And we can tell whether the system is stable.22.电机学 Elektromaschinenwissenschaft 电机测试与控制 Mototest und -kontrolleThere are different kinds of elecelectrical machine.DC machine、induction machine、synchronous machine.For example how to control the speed of a DC motor.E=U-IR E=Cn n=(U-IR)/C23.电力系统稳态分析 Stabile Analyse des elektrischen SystemsThe stable state is opposite from transient state.Steady state is stable state.Most of time the electrical system works in stable state.The main purpose of stable analyse is to calculate the power distribution and the voltage of each point.Let me draw a picture.Its a very simple system.We replace it with a module.If we know the Power and voltage of this point,we can calculate other points power and voltage.（图 计算过程） 潮流计算power flow calculation 24.电力系统电磁暂态分析 Momentane Analyse des Elektromagnets des elecktrischen SystemThe transient state is opposite from steady state.Steady state is an stable situation,most of time the electrical system works in stable state.But when there is something happend such as shortcircuit,the equipment will went through a transient state.a not stable state.It is changing from one state to another.This lesson foucus on this period of time.Let me draw a picture to describe it.For example(图) 电抗 reactance25.高电压技术 Oberspannungstechnik 高电压试验技术及实验 Versuchstechnik und Experiment der OberspannungIn the electrial system highvoltage is widely used.such as 500KV 220KV 110KV they are much higher than the voltage we used everyday such as 220V/380V.This lesson taught us the characteristic of highvoltage、how to produce(generate) a highvoltage pulse.how to measure highvoltage.For example Marx generator, we use it to generate highvoltage pulse.Let me draw a picture of it.A very clever design.Those are balls made of copper.Capacitor、resistor.If the input is U,than the output about nU.26.发电厂及变电站电气部分 Elecktrischer Teil des Kraft- und UmspannwerkesThis course introduced us the structure of transformer-stations and power-stations.Let me draw a picture to decribe it.This is a simple one.Generator/transformer/busbar/potential transformer/current transformer/backupThere is big different between isolation switch and circuit breaker.If there is current in the line.We only use circuit breaker to cut of this line.(不同母线连接方式 单个变压器 两个变压器 单母线 双母线 母联)自动重合闸 automatic reclosing circuit27.电力系统污秽与覆冰绝缘 Verschmutzung- und Raureifisolation des elektrischen Systemsisolator is made of ceramic sirmik or glass.In this coures，we mainly foucus on the isolator used on transmission line.The isolator looks like this.May i draw a picture?.It has two functions,one is hold the line from falling,the other function is isolation.Lets talk about the isolation. The shape of it is important.Especially the climbing distance.It determines the flashover voltage.We use several isolator together to meet the requirement of isolation.Whats more,we have to consider the effect of polution. The ratio between salt and dirt.The effect of rain.The effect of the way how the isolator was hanged.Shit of the bird regularly clean them.自动重合闸 automatic reclosing the circuit 28.电气设备在线智能化监测 Intelligente On-Line-berwachung der elektrischen Anlagenon-line monitoringIn electrical system,there are three ways to maitan the equipment.We can repair it when it is broken.or We can after every period of time regularly maitan it. Or We monitor the status of the equipment.When the equipment is about to broken,we repair it.Of course the last way is the best.Its the most ecnomic way to maitance.But how to monitor is the main content of this lesseon, For example,the transformer.We can use sensor to monite the gas/light/sound/viberation.When there is something wrong happens isolation failure or aging or shortcircuit,will generate some certain kind of gas.Such as CH4 C2H6 C2H4. We can monitor this gas,to figure out what is happening in the transformer. 故障定位fault location29.电力系统过电压与接地技术 berspannung- und Erdungstechnik des elektrischen SystemsWe know in the electrical system grounding is very important.Its for the safety of the people and the safety of equipment.The smaller,the better.But how to lower the resistance of the grouding. There are several ways.We can increase the depth of the grounding body we bury.We use more or bigger metals.We can even change the soil. Or use some very complex grounding body.30.专业课程设计 Design der Fachkurse 毕业设计AbschludesignMy graduation design is to develop a highvoltage picosecond pulse generator.Picosecond is very short.1ps=10-12s.First of all we use a Marx generator.Let me draw a picture of it.A very clever design.Input is U,output is about 4U.But the output of Marx generator is not short enough.The output is still several nanosecond short.So i use a sharping circuit to sharpen its rising edge.And use a teilcut switch to sharpen its falling edge.In order to messure the highvoltage pulse,i used a capacitive divider and a oscilloscope(OSC). (巴申定律 Pasehens law)31.市场营销 MarketingswissenschaftThere are different idea or opinions about marketing.One idea is ,We sell what we have/ can produce.The consumers