计算机图形学图形几何变换的实现.doc

实验五 图形几何变换的实现班级 08信计2 学号 89姓名徐阳 分数 一、实验目的和要求：1、掌握理解二维、三维变换的数学知识、变换原理、变换种类、变换方法；进一步理解采用齐次坐标进行二维、三维变换的必要性；利用Turboc实现二维、三维图形的基本变换和复合变换。二、实验内容：1、理解采用齐次坐标进行图形变换的必要性变换的连续性，使复合变换得以实现。2、掌握二维、三维图形基本变换（平移、缩放、对称、旋转、错切）的原理及数学公式。3、利用Turboc实现二维、三维图形的基本变换、复合变换，在屏幕上显示变换过程或变换结果。三、实验结果分析：程序代码如下：/*二维图形（直线）平移变换*/#include#include#includemain()int x0,y0,x1,y1,i,j;int a33;char key;for(i=0;i3;i+)for(j=0;j3;j+)aij=0;for(i=0;i3;i+)aii=1;int graphdriver=DETECT;int graphmode=0;initgraph(&graphdriver,&graphmode, );cleardevice();x0=250;y0=120;x1=350;y1=220;line(x0,y0,x1,y1);for( ; ;)outtextxy(100,400,:right:up v:down Esc-exit);key=getch();switch(key)case 75: a20=-10;break;case 77: a20=10;break;case 72: a21=-10;break;case 80: a21=10;break;case 27: exit(0);break;x0=x0*a00+y0*a10+a20;y0=x0*a01+y0*a11+a21;x1=x1*a00+y1*a10+a20;y1=x1*a01+y1*a11+a21;cleardevice();line(x0,y0,x1,y1);closegraph();2. 三维图形（立方体）旋转和比例变换的算法：#include#include#include#include#include#include#define ZOOM_IN 0.9#define ZOOM_OUT 1.1int turn13; /* 0 rx,1 ry,3 zoom*/typedef structfloat x;float y;float z;point;typedef structfloat x;float y;point2d;typedef structfloat x;float y;float h;point biao8;fanti;void make_box(float x,float y,float h,fanti *p)p-x=x;p-y=y;p-h=h;p-biao0.x=x/2;p-biao0.y=y/2;p-biao0.z=h/2;p-biao1.x=-x/2;p-biao1.y=y/2;p-biao1.z=h/2;p-biao2.x=-x/2;p-biao2.y=-y/2;p-biao2.z=h/2;p-biao3.x=x/2;p-biao3.y=-y/2;p-biao3.z=h/2;p-biao4.x=x/2;p-biao4.y=y/2;p-biao4.z=-h/2;p-biao5.x=-x/2;p-biao5.y=y/2;p-biao5.z=-h/2;p-biao6.x=-x/2;p-biao6.y=-y/2;p-biao6.z=-h/2;p-biao7.x=x/2;p-biao7.y=-y/2;p-biao7.z=-h/2;void trun2d(point *p,point2d *q)q-x=p-x+p-z*cos(0.25);q-y=p-y+p-z*sin(0.25);void initm(float mat4)int count;for(count=0;countx+tm10*p-y+tm20*p-z+tm30;yv=tm01*p-x+tm11*p-y+tm21*p-z+tm31;zw=tm02*p-x+tm12*p-y+tm22*p-z+tm32;p-x=xu;p-y=yv;p-z=zw;return;void rotationx(point *p,float alfa,float tm4)float rad=0.0174532925;initm(tm);tm11=cos(rad*alfa);tm12=sin(rad*alfa);tm21=-tm12;tm22=tm11;return;void rotationz(point *p,float alfa,float tm4)float rad=0.0174532925;initm(tm);tm00=cos(rad*alfa);tm01=sin(rad*alfa);tm10=-tm01;tm11=tm00;return;void rotationy(point *p,float alfa,float tm4)float rad=0.0174532925;initm(tm);tm00=cos(rad*alfa);tm20=sin(rad*alfa);tm02=-tm20;tm22=tm00;return;void adjust(point *p,point *q)float t44;switch(turn10)case 1:rotationy(p,2,t);transfrom(p,q,t);break;case -1:rotationy(p,-2,t);transfrom(p,q,t);break;default:break;switch(turn11)case 1:rotationz(p,2,t);transfrom(p,q,t);break;case -1:rotationz(p,-2,t);transfrom(p,q,t);break;default:break;switch(turn12)case 1:q-x=ZOOM_IN*p-x;q-y=ZOOM_IN*p-y;q-z=ZOOM_IN*p-z;break;case -1:q-x=ZOOM_OUT*p-x;q-y=ZOOM_OUT*p-y;q-z=ZOOM_OUT*p-z;break;default:break;void drawbox(fanti *p)point2d fan2d8;int i;for(i=0;ibiaoi,&p-biaoi);trun2d(&p-biaoi,&fan2di);fan2di.x+=300;fan2di.y+=200;cleardevice();setcolor(RGB(255,24,39);outtext( -:right -:left :up v:down);moveto(0,20);outtext(page up:zoom in page down:zoom out space:redraw Esc:exit);for(i=0;i=3;i+)if(i=3)line(fan2di.x,fan2di.y,fan2d0.x,fan2d0.y); line(fan2di+4.x,fan2di+4.y,fan2d4.x,fan2d4.y);elseline(fan2di.x,fan2di.y,fan2di+1.x,fan2di+1.y); line(fan2di+4.x,fan2di+4.y,fan2di+5.x,fan2di+5.y);line(fan2di.x,fan2di.y,fan2di+4.x,fan2di+4.y);void main()int gd=DETECT,gm,i,j;char key;float x,y,h;fanti a1; x=100; y=100; h=100; initgraph(&gd,&gm,); make_box(x,y,h,&a1); drawbox(&a1); for(;) turn10; turn11; turn12; key=getch(); switch(key) case 77: turn10=1; break; /*RIGHT*/ case 75: turn10=-1; break; /*LIFT*/ case 72:turn11=1; break; /*UP*/case 80:turn11=-1; break; /*DOWN*/ case 73:turn12=1; break;