高考英语总复习 微专题训练 第20练 健康与医疗类（二）

一岗双责落实还不到位。受事务性工作影响，对分管单位一岗双责常常落实在安排部署上、口头要求上，实际督导、检查的少，指导、推进、检查还不到位。 第20练 健康与医疗类（二）单词识记：blood weakheadache physicalinjure overweight poison severesharp symptom physician woundambulance clinic swell unconsciousabnormal hurt serious短语扫描：die of/from 死于get over从()中恢复过来；克服(困难等)operate on 给做手术in high/low spirits兴高采烈/情绪低落keep fit/healthy 保持健康break down(身体)垮掉get into the habit of养成的习惯have a pain in某处疼痛work out锻炼；解决put on weight增加体重 跟踪训练.语境填词1The study suggests that governments have a responsibility to encourage people to be more _(physical) active.2He thought that crying was a sign of _(软弱)3She is _(未察觉的) of the effect she has on people.4_(症状) are a slight fever，headache and loss of appetite.5Its hard to take them _(serious) in their pretty grey uniforms.单项填空6I felt I would never _ the shock of his being worked to death.Aget off Bget throughCget by Dget over7We know playing computer games for a long time can harm ones _health.Aregular Bmagical Cphysical Dreliable8News reports say peace talks between the two countries _ with no agreement reached.Ahave broken down Bhave broken outChave broken in Dhave broken up9_ the difficult maths problem，I have consulted Professor Russell several times.(2014陕西，20)AWorking out BWorked outCTo work out DWork out10When making small talk at holiday parties，dont tell someone who _ weight how amazing they look.That implies they looked terrible before.Ahas lost Bwould loseCwill be losing Dhad lost.阅读理解(2016镇江一模)Homeopathy is the oldest form of complementary(互补的) and alternative medicines from Europe.It originated with the German physician Samuel Hahnemann(17551843)He came across the cinchona，the bark of a South American tree that was used by the local people to treat fevers.Among the active ingredients in the bark is quinine(奎宁)，which is still used to treat malaria.If a healthy person took cinchona，he or she would have symptoms(症状) of malaria.In 1796 and 1810，Hahnemann published essays on the theories of homeopathy：Substances that cause illnesses or symptoms in people can be used in small doses as treatment.Supporters of homeopathy viewed it as a safe，patientcentered system.Hahnemann claimed he could cure any and all illnesses using homeopathic principles.However，the Australian council sought to evaluate this claim once and for all.Their assessment was based on the analysis of 57 published systematic reviews encompassing 176 individual studies，independent evaluation of evidence provided by homeopathy interest groups and the public，and clinical practice guidelines and reports on homeopathy from other governments.Studies were only considered if they were casecontrolled，meaning they compared a group of patients receiving homeopathic treatments with a control group.The council who oversaw this review consisted of experts in conventionalbased medicine as well as complementary and alternative medicines.As a guideline，for a treatment to be considered effective，it must result in health improvements that cannot be explained by the placebo(安慰剂) effect，these improvements must be meaningful for a persons overall health and the results have to be seen consistently in several studies.A draft of the report was reviewed by a group of independent experts in complementary medicine research and opened up for public consultation before it was finalized.Eventually，the council found no reliable evidence that homeopathic treatments were effective.Studies that did find homeopathy to be effective were overall of poor scientific quality，used too few patients or lacked evidence on which to base their conclusions.Rejecting proven medical treatments in favor of homeopathy for chronic or potentially serious conditions could place people at risk.As always，use of homeopathic or other remedies should be discussed with your physician in order to make informed healthcare decisions.1We can learn from the passage that homeopathy is a system of medicine in which _.Apatients are given very small amounts of a drug that produces symptoms in healthy peopleBpatients are evaluated by using very small amounts of the substance causing illness or symptomsCpatients would have symptoms of malaria if they took cinchonaDpatients relying on homeopathy can explain their health improvements by the placebo effect2The underlined word “encompassing” can most probably be replaced by “_”Aencouraging BsearchingCconducting Dincluding3When evaluating homeopathic treatments，the Australian council was most concerned about _.Athe source of the data to be analyzedBthe criteria of an effective treatmentCthe objectivity and reliability of the evaluationDthe experts involved in the evaluation4Which of the following reasons for the ineffectiveness of homeopathic treatments is NOT mentioned in the passage?AStudies about homeopathic treatments were not scientifically accurate.BHahnemanns theories about homeopathic treatments got no response.CConclusions of homeopathic treatments were short of solid evidence.DBlind use of homeopathic treatments might put people in danger.任务型阅读(2016泰州一模)Following one million middleaged women in Britain for 10 years，a study finds that the widely held view that happiness enhances health and longevity is unfounded.The results come from the socalled Million Women Study，which took on women aged 50 to 69 from 1996 to 2001，and tracked them with questionnaires and official records of deaths and hospital admissions.The questionnaires asked how often the women felt happy，in control，relaxed and stressed，and also instructed them to rate their health and list ailments like high blood pressure，diabetes，depression or anxiety.When the answers were analyzed statistically，unhappiness and stress were not associated with an increased risk of death.It is not clear whether the conclusion applies to men.Professor Peto said particularly important data came from 500,000 women who reported that they were in good health，with no history of heart disease，cancer or stroke.A minority of these healthy women said they were stressed or unhappy，he said，but over the next decade they were no more likely to die than the women who were generally happy.“This finding refutes(驳斥) the large effects of unhappiness and stress on death rate that others have claimed，” Dr.Peto said.Unhappiness itself may not affect health directly，but it can do harm in other ways，by driving people to suicide，alcoholism or other dangerous behaviors，he warned.This type of study，in which people involved depend on their selfassessment，is not considered as reliable as a designed experiment where people involved are picked at random and assigned to a treatment or control group.But the huge number of people in this study gives it power.Still，some observers noted that measuring emotions is more nuanced(细微的) and complex than simply declaring happiness or unhappiness.“I would have liked to see more discussion of how people translate these complicated feelings into a selfreport of happiness，” said Baruch Fischhoff，a psychologist at Carnegie Mellon University.The results of earlier studies have been mixed，with some finding that unhappiness causes illness and others showing no link，Dr.Fischhoff said.“It looks to me like people have collected a lot of data without finding a clear signal，” he said.However，an editorial accompanying the study in The Lancet noted that it had the largest population so far in happiness studies and praised its statistical methods.Professor Peto said he doubted whether the new study would change many minds because beliefs about the risks of unhappiness are so rooted.“People are still going to believe that stress causes heart attacks，” he said.TopicHappiness Doesnt 5._ Bring Good Health6._ of the researchOne million women aged 50 to 697._ of the researchTrack the women with questionnaires.Keep official records of deaths and hospital admission.Make statistical 8._ of the answers.Results of the researchIt lacks basis that unhappy people 9._ to suffer mortality more easily.Unhappiness may 10._ for some dangerous behavior.Whether the conclusion applies to men hasnt been 11._.12._ of the researchIt just depends on how people involved 13._ themselves.Measuring emotion is more nuanced and complex.The results of earlier studies have been mixed.Significance of the researchThe largest population were involved.Statistical methods were used.Professor Petos concernThe study can 14._ change peoples minds as the beliefs about the disadvantages of unhappiness are so anchored.答案精析第20练健康与医疗类(二)高考高频单词与短语识记排查跟踪训练.1.physically2.weakness3.unconscious4.Symptoms5.seriously.6.D句意为：我感到我无法从他过劳死的震惊中恢复过来。get over 从(震惊)中恢复常态，符合句意。get off别碰，离开；get through 通过，接通；get by (靠)维持生计，勉强过活。7C考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：我们知道长时间玩电脑游戏对我们的身体健康有害。physical health指的是身体健康。regular定期的；magical魔术的；reliable可靠的。8A句意为：新闻报道说这两个国家的和平谈判失败了，没有达成协议。break down出毛病，不运转，(身体)垮掉，瓦解，破除，终止，分解；reach an agreement意为“达成协议”。9C考查非谓语动词。句意为：为了解出那个数学难题，我去向Russell教授咨询过好几次。所填词作目的状语，用动词不定式，故选C项。10A句意为：在假期的派对上聊天时，不要告诉已经减肥的人他们看起来多么令人惊奇。那就暗示着他们以前看起来很难看。根据题干中后面的那句话可判断是已经减肥，强调减肥的影响，故选A。阅读能力专练.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。顺势疗法(homeopathy)是替代医学的一种。顺势疗法的理论基础是“治疗某种疾病,需要使用一种能够在健康人中产生相同症状的药剂”。目前医学界一般认为,没有任何足够可靠的证据证明顺势疗法效果强于安慰剂。1A细节理解题。根据文章第一段倒数第三句“Substances that cause illnesses or symptoms in people can be used in small doses as treatment.”可知。2D词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“based on the analysis of 57 published systematic reviews”可知此处是部分(176)和整体(57)的关系，故选including。encompass包含，包括。3C细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句(尤其是reliable)和第三句(尤其是Rejecting)可知答案。4B细节理解题。根据文章最后一段内容可知，B项没有提及。.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。人们普遍认为,幸福能使人健康、长寿,但最新的研究结果表明,事实未必如此。5Necessarily信息归纳题。根据文章第一段“.the widely held view that happiness enhances health and longevity is unfounded.”可知，幸福不一定带来健康。not necessarily不一定。6Subjects/Participants信息归纳题。根据women可归纳为subjects(实验对象)，根据“One million women aged 50 to 69”可归纳为participant