最新高考英语专题复习六：英语短文改错专题.doc

高三英语（人教版）第二轮专题辅导讲座专题六：英语短文改错专题【命题趋向】短文改错是一项主要测试考生的判断能力，观察能力、纠错能力语言基础知识及语言的综合运用能力。短文改错的趋势：1改错短文以以记叙文和说明文为主 。2文章内容贴近学生生活，没有生僻词汇和复杂的结构，文章简单易懂，错误设置也很简单，多为学生平常作文中常出现的错误。3短文一般100词左右，错误有9处。4 常见错有三种 ；错词；多词； 缺词；错词占60%左右【考点透视】一错词的热点1 动词时态 语态 非谓语 ；主谓关系2 联系词关系代词和关系副词；连词；连接词3 名词可数名词 、不可数名词，可数名字的单复数变化。4 介词介词和动词的搭配错误5 形容词/副词词类错用6 冠词定冠词和不定冠词的错用7 代词人称代词；物主代词；反身代词8 惯用法固定句型，固定短语。二多词和缺词热点 1. 冠词2.介词3.副词4.代词5.关联词6.小品词 to【例题解析】一 错词1.动词错误：（1） 时态和语态、主谓一致的错误。【1】整体时态： *we had guests last night who have not stayed in a b& b hotel before . 定语从句的时态在主句之前发生，故have改为had。*high over the water ,they discover a hole in the balloon .the hole became bigger and bigger.全篇使用过去时态，故改discover- -discovered【3】主谓一致*having fun with their friends make them happy .动名词短语做主语，谓语动词用单数形式makes。*but the most wonderful thing about jack were his musical ability。主语为the most wonderful thing 故此，系词为was*but not all information are good to society .主语不可数，所以动词用is。（2.）动词错误：*in american big cities ,thousands sell tickets to watch football or basketball games .(buy)根据句子意思，数千人买票去看比赛。故sell改为 buy。（3）非谓语动词【1】动名词错误*i am looking forward to see all of you again in the near future.(seeing)解析：to 为介词，故此see改为seeing* not only it makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit .解析：主语应为动名词，故play football改为playing football【2】现在分词*the air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was coming down .解析：分词做定语，故keeps 改为keeping*i found a small house standing in a field with a light shone from the sitting room.解析：with a light shone 改为with a light shining。a light和shining为主动关系。【3】不定式*i just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person.(become)解析：help sb do sth 故改becoming为 become *he did not want share things with others .解析：want to share sth . want后可跟不定式做宾语。【4】过去分词*i have some records giving to me as birthday gifts .解析：have sth done , some records和give是被动关系，故改为given。2连词错误：*i came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light .解析：根据句意，“我看到他们中的一个人走进厨房，并且打开灯。”两个分句子之间是并列关系。故改but为and*we would return at night to hear that hed picked up from the radio in the day .解析：考查宾语从句，pick up 缺宾语，故改that 为what*the classes helped me understand what the world works 解析：根据句子意思，“这些课程有助于我了解世界是怎么运转的”故改what 为how。3.形容词/副词错用：*you always gave me specially attention . 解析：名词应该被形容词special修饰。*it is real a good chance to have met all of you here .解析：副词really修饰系词，故改real为really。*my hometown has taken on a new look .how great it has changed !解析：great修饰动词，故改为：greatly 4.冠词错误：*this is my first visit to a american family .(an)解析：american 第一个音标的音素是元音，故用an .*each player must obey captain ,who is the leader of the team .解析：有定语修饰，the特指captain .*suddenly ,i caught a sight of my english teacher in the crowd .解析：固定搭配catch sight of .故此去掉冠词a。5.代词错误：【1】反身代词*i just smiled to me and thought ,解析：主语和宾语相同，故此memyself 。【2】形容词性物主代词*besides ,the foreign teachers here work hard and try his best to make the activities lively and interesting .(his -their)解析：主语是第三人称复数，因此try ones best 【3】it/that/them /us*i thought that was dull to watch a game in which players kicked a ball to each other .解析：that不可以做形式主语，故改为it。*it was about noon when when we arrived at the foot of the mountain .the three of them were very excited .前后人称错误。故此改them为us .6.名词单复数和名词的所有格的错误*she marked strictly on students performance .(students)解析：根据句意，学生们的表演，故改为students performance*physics is one of the most difficult subject for us (subjects )解析：one of说明后面为复数形式。*we practice three times every week and often watch football match on tv together .解析：常常看比赛，故此match改为matches.* i have no papers to write on .解析：纸不可数，所以改为paper7.介词错误*he left shanghai at a cold night.解析：一天的部分被修饰时，介词用on,*i am a new comer of a small town.解析：根据句子意思，来自一个小镇come from a small town .* i was caught by the rain last night 解析：固定短语be caught in the rain 遇上雨。8.语意错误*thousands sell tickets to watch football or basketball games .解析：句子意思：数千人卖掉票去看足球或者篮球比赛。故此错误，sellbuy *not all people like to work and everyone like to play .解析：句子意思：并非所有的人都喜欢工作，并且所有的人喜欢玩。语意错误，应该为转折关系，andbut 二多余词多词一般为：冠词/连词/介词/系词be 助词等。【1】连词多余：*they did not want breakfast because that they were going out early in the morning .解析：连词多余，故此去掉 (that)，原句是状语从句。【2】介词多余：*the crowd waiting for to greet them in england was very surprised .(for)解析：没有宾语，所以去掉for。【3】冠词多余：*suddenly i caught a sight of my english teacher in the crowd.解析：固定短语，catch sight of :偶然看见。【4】系词/助词多余：*my mother was asked : “have you taken medicine ?”解析：根据句意，是妈妈问：故为主动语态。三：缺词缺词一般为：冠词/连词/介词/系词be 助词/【1】缺介词*he was looking for a glass the cupboard (in)解析：根据句意，in the cupboard 做状语。【2】缺冠词*however ,the popular teacher is at same time the one who should be strict with students .(the)解析：形容词same 和the 搭配使用,故给same前加 the。【3】缺连接词*in one class ,i learned it rained (why)解析：根据句子意思可知，缺连接词，句意为：“在一节课上，我知道了下雨的原因”。【4】缺系词*what your favorite sport ? (is)解析：句子中缺系词，在what加is .【专题训练与高考预测】此题要求改正所给短文中的错误对标有题号的每一行作出判断，如无错误，在刻行右边横线上画一个勾（）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列清况改正；该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行在边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。该行缺一词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。该行错一个词：在错的词下面划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词注意：原行没能错的不要改passage 1 i went out to see film with my brother after 1_supper .by our way to the cinema ,we met an american 2._girl named alice ,she had got lost and looked very 3._anxious .we went up to see that was the matter .we 4_then took him to the hotel .while going there5_i told her the great change that had taken place 6_in our country in the past few years but alice told 7_us a lot about the youth in america8._ although we miss the film , we felt very happy 9_for it we had not only helped alice get out of trouble 10_also knew something abut the states we see englishcan strengthen understanding and friendship .passage 2today i showed some foreign friend around our city. 1._we started off in car from the friendship hotel at 8:00 a. m. 2._we first got to jinshan park. we are all struck by its 3._beautiful flowers on show. then, we visited the city museum. 4._we saw plenty of valuable things, from that we learned a lot 5._about the city. after that, they drove to jinshan temple. that is 6._a beautiful place of interest in our city, but there we enjoyed 7._the wonderfully scenery of the sea. we had a delicious lunch at the 8._seafood restaurant and we returned back at noon.all the foreign 9._friends were pleased with my arrangement. we did have the 10_wonderful time today.passage 3dear mr. brown ,i am writing to thank you with your kind help . 1_before you came to teach us ,i had not interest in 2_english .my pronunciation was terribly .i could 3_only speak a few words .but one and a half year later , 4_i now think english fun to learn .i got a lot from your 5_encouraging words.i will always remember what you 6._said ,“if you try to ,you can be no 1 !”i hope youve 7_ had pleasant journey home and will come to china 8_ again sometimes in the future .i will write again 9_and send you the photos we take together 10_passage 4there are advantage for students to work while 1_ studying at school .one of them was that 2_ they can earn money .for the most part ,3_students working to earn money for their own 4_use .earning their own money allow them 5 _to spend on anything as if they please .6_they would have to ask their parents for 7_money or for permission to do things by 8 _ the money .some students may also to save 9_up for our college or future use . 10_passage 5dear mr. brown ,i am writing to thank you with your kind help . 1_before you came to teach us ,i had not interest in 2_english .my pronunciation was terribly .i could 3_only speak a few words .but one and a half year later , 4_i now think english fun to learn .i got a lot from your 5_encouraging words.i will always remember what you 6_said ,“if you try to ,you can be no 1 !”i hope youve _had pleasant journey home and will come to china _again sometimes in the future .i will write again 9_and send you the photos we take together 10_passage 6dear anish, here are the information about manchester university 1._it is about 200 miles far away from london and it 2_has a very big schoolyard .you can live in the school 3_or near the school .they have all sorts of course .4_ _im sure you will find one you like it .i know you 5_are particular interested in human rights .so i will 6_see that there is anything on their website 7_i will send my friend charlie meet you at the airport 8_when you arrived .you met him a few years ago ,but he 9_has changed a lot since then .both your aunt or i look 10_forward to seeing you again .passage 7dear ralph, im a senior student. i have be in love with a boy 1_for three years.but he is a shy boy, so i wrote him a letter firstly 2._to express my feeling. and he wrote back. in his letter 3_he said, “we are students. our task is study. let us wait 4_to see until we have any chance after graduation.” so 5. _after graduation i called to him, asking him about 6._go out . but he said he didnt want to. he just 7. _wanted to sleep and watched tv. 8. _what do you think i should do? do you think 9._i should continue to love him and give up? 10_sheilapassage 8my hometown is a pretty city ,so people there 1._are kind and polite .with coming of spring ,grass and 2. _trees turn green , and flowers grew in many colors. 3 _in summer ,the sea under the blue sky is even more 4 _beautiful .after autumn arrives ,the city looks as 5. _an old man with leaves fallen from the trees .in winter , 6. _a lot of white birds come to my city for food .i can 7. _wait more patiently above the sea for quite a long 8. _time .while they find fish coming to the surface , 9. _they fly down immediate and catch them without 10. _delay .that is my city ,and i love it so much .passage 9dear doctor,my name is wang lin. im a middle school student .i havea problem and im writing to ask you for some advices. 1._im just 1.57 meters high, and my weight is 71 kilos.many 2._students often make fun me.some boys are unfriendly to me. 3._they called me “ meat ball”. that makes me feel unhappy. 4._im now worry about my weight. though i am a bit too fat, i 5._feel rather good. i enjoy my meals. i love eating meat very 6._much. and i like sweet food, either. i often have sugar with 7._tea, milk ,porridge ,and even hot water. in the past two months 8._i have put off 5 kilos. im worried about this problem, 9._but i dont know what to lose weight quickly. please help me, 10_dear doctor!i hope to hear from you as soon as possible.with best wishes, wang linpassage 10women，present and ancient， at the home and 1_abroad,wear long hair,that adds to their beautybut few 2_people realize it affects her brainshair grows constantly 3_it takes in nourishment(营养) constantlyif it was short 4_of nourishment,itll die and falls offbody supplies hair with 5_nourishment,it cant be stopped even in a minutesif it takes in 6_too many,that means hair has already used too much 7_nourishment which body gives it to the headas time passes， 8_brain is relatively short of nourishmentit leads dizziness 9_(头昏)therefore ones brains will be weakened 10_passage 11its easy to go downhill than to climb uphill：so its 1_easier to fall into bad habits than into good one 2_bad habits dont come suddenlyit come little by 3_littleschoolboys first picks up a little in school and on 4_the streetswhen they cannot write their homework， they 5_copy from their schoolmateif they see bigger boys 6_smoking， they also want learn to smokewhen they 7_get bigger， the habits become stronger or 8_stronger， so that they can not longer get rid of 9_themwhat necessary it is that we get rid of the bad 10_habits in the beginning！passage 12fred and i havent many in common. i sometimes 1. _wonder why we were friends at all. fred is 2. _always busy make things. everything he makes is3. _so perfect that i sometime feel envy at his skill.4. _my trouble is that im one of those lazy people. 5. _outside my work at the office, the only thing which 6. _interests me is listening to the music. i have a 7. _big collection of records but all day long the 8. _only thing i can think is when im going to9. _get home listen to a new piece.10. _passage 13mary was an university student. she didnt have much1 _ money and her parents were not rich, and she had an uncle2. _ who had been fortunately enough to collect great wealth. 3. _ he always give her valuable christmas and birthday presents.4. _ when her uncles birthday came round, mary wanted buy him5. _ something really special, but because she was rich, she did not6. _ know how to get him. she went into the best shop in her7. _ town and explained what her problem was to one of helpful8. _ shop assistants. finally she asked, “what do you have for9. _ someone who has already got everything he wants or needs .10 the assistant sighed deeply and answered, “envy, only envy.”pasasage14as the world enters the 21st century ,the development in the 1 _science and technology will bring us much more new hopes and 2_chance weve never imagined before .people are hoping have 3_a peacefully and highly developed world .to catch up with 4_the new development and to be success in the new century the 5_younger generation is required to have different kind of skills 6_and abilities ,such like the computer science and the english 7_language .otherwise one will be left behind .young people should 8_study even hard at school and prepare themselves mentally 9_and physically to meet with the challenge of the new century 10_passage 15mark twain was born in a small town of horid.when he is only 1_twelve years old ,his father died .late he became a river boat pilot .2_mark twain was her pen name .during the american civil war 3_he worked as a reporter and write a lot of stories.gradually he 4_made his mark and his work were popular .he became one of the 5_best known writer of the 19th century in the u.s.a .in his life 6_mark twain wrote the number of stories and novels ,on which 7_ “adventure of tom sawyer” is the most famous one .his writings 8_have been translated to many other languages ,and they are 9_deeply love by the readers all over the world . 10 _【参考答案】key:11filma film 2by -on 3. she who 4that what 5himher 6change-changes7but-and 8right 9missmissed 10 /itkey 21. friend-friends 2.in by 3.arewere 4right 5.thatwhich 6.they-we 7.butand 8.wondefullywonderful 9 back/ 10 thea key 31.withfor 2.notno 3 terriblyterrible 4. yearsyears 5. is 6right 7. /to 8 a 9 sometimessometime 10 take took key 4there are advantage for students to work while _ advantagesstudying at school .one of them was that is they can earn money .for the most part ,students working to earn money for their own workuse .earning their own money allow them allowsto spend on anything as if they please .ifthey would have to ask their parents for notmoney or for permission to do things by with the money .some students may also to save /toup for our college or future use . their key 5dear mr. brown ,i am writing to thank you with your kind help . for before you came to teach us ,i had not interest in noenglish .my pronunciation was terribly .i could terribleonly speak a few words .but one and a half year later , yearsi now think english fun to learn .i got a lot from your isencouraging words.i will always remember what you rightsaid ,“if you try to ,you can be no 1 !”i hope youve /tohad pleasant journey home and will come to china aagain sometimes in the future .i will write again sometimeand send you the photos we take together tookkey 6dear anish, here are the information about manchester university ._is_it is about 200 miles far away from london and it _far_has a very big schoolyard .you can live in the school_right_or near the school .they have all sorts of course ._courses_im sure you will find one you like it .i know you _it_are particular interested in human rights .so i will _parti