四级模拟练习(七)

(七七) Part 1 Writing Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Long Holiday. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese. 1. 长假给大学生带来的好处。 2. 长假可能给大学生带来的问题。 3. 我应当怎样利用好长假。 Part 2 Skimming and Scanning (Multiple Choice + Blank Filling) (每小题：1 分) Directions: Read the following passage and then answer the questions. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Questions 1 to 10 are based on the same passage or dialog. Michael Dells Two-Billion-Dollar Dream Michael Dell has always been fond of saying, “If you think you have a good idea, try it!“ And today, at 29, he has discovered the power of another good idea that has helped him rise in just a few years from a teenager to a rich businessman. He has become the fourth-largest manufacturer of personal computers in America and the youngest man ever to head a Fortune 500 corporation. Growing up in Houston, Michael and his two brothers were encouraged by their parents with the desire to learn and the drive to work hard. Even so, stories about the middle boy began to be told early. Early school life People tried to talk him out of finishing high school early, but Michael explained that he thought it was best to get high school out of the way quickly. A few years later Michael had another good idea, to trade stamps by advertising in stamp magazines. With the $2,000 profit he made, he bought his first personal computer. Then he took it apart to figure out how it worked. In high school Michael had a job selling newspapers. This time Dell made $18,000 and bought a BMW. The car salesman was surprised when the 17-year-old had all the money he needed to pay for it. The next year Dell enrolled at the University of Texas in Austin. Like most freshmen, he needed to earn spending money. People wanted low-cost machines to meet their needs, and these were not readily available. Why should dealers charge so much for so little added value, Dell wondered. Why not sell from the manufacturer directly to the end user? Computer business During a holiday break, Dells parents told him they were concerned about his grades. “If you want to start a business, do it after you get your degree,“ his father begged. Dell agreed, but back in Austin he felt the opportunity of a lifetime was passing him by. “I couldnt bear to miss this chance,“ he says. After one month he started selling computers again. Over spring break, Dell confessed to his parents that he was still in the computer business. They wanted to know how classes were going. “I have to quit school,“ he replied. “I want to start my own company.“ “What exactly is it that you want to do?“ asked his father. “Compete with IBM,“ he answered simply. Compete with IBM? Now his parents were really worried. But no matter what they said, Dell wouldnt change his mind. So they made a deal: over summer vacation he would try to launch a computer company. If he didnt succeed, he would have to go back to school in September. Returning to Austin, Dell risked all his savings and incorporated (组成) Dell Computer Corp. When he was 19, he obtained a one-room office on a month-to-month lease (租借) and hired his first employee, a 28-year-old manager to handle finance and management. For advertising, he grabbed an empty food box and on the back sketched the first ad for Dell Computer. A friend copied it onto paper and took it to the newspaper. Dell still specialized in direct marketing of stripped-down (拆卸) IBM PCs to which he added custom features. As orders came in, Dell rushed around gathering up the right parts to assemble each order. First-month sales topped $180,000; the second, $265,000. Dell barely noticed when the new school year arrived. Within a year, he was selling thousands of PCs, so he hired more staff. Customers phoned orders to a toll-free (免费电话) line, and then the staff assembled the units. Trucks picked up daily that days production for delivery. It was very efficient, and made a lot of money. Just when it seemed the sky was the limit, and sales had topped $3 million, the manager that Dell had hired quit. But, as Dell always told himself, “Every time you have a crisis, something good comes out of it.“ From necessity, he learned accounting that would prove very helpful in the years ahead. “Its a lot easier to learn something if its important to you,“ he says. Unlike other manufacturers, Dell gave his customers money-back guarantees. He also realized that when a computer breaks down, the customer wants it working right away. So Dell guaranteed a next-day on site service for his products, and introduced a 24-hour-a-day line for customers to talk directly with computer experts. Ninety percent of computer technical problems, according to Dell, can be solved over the phone. Constant telephone contact with customers kept the company close to the market. Customers let Dell Computer know directly what they liked or didnt like about a particular model. “My competitors were developing products and then telling customers what they should want, instead of finding out what the market really wanted and then developing products,“ Dell says. By the day Michael Dell would have graduated from college, his company was selling $70 million worth of computers a year. Successful career Today Dell Computer has wholly owned subsidiaries (分公司) in 16 countries, including Japan. The company has capital of over $2 billion, employs some 5,500 persons, and Dells personal fortune is between $250 million and $300 million. To encourage even greater productivity, Dell Computer gives its employees awards for ideas worth trying even if they dont succeed. “Our success has forced the giants to become more competitive,“ Dell says. “Thats good for the consumer.“ Dell, his wife and their two-year-old daughter lead a pretty normal life. His charity is generous but quiet. Recently the couple announced they would give land to Austins Jewish community. Dell also regularly lectures to MBA students at the University of Texas Graduate School of Business in Austin. He credits his own success to the fact that Alexander and Lorraine Dell expected their three sons to study and work hard. “The reason our schools are failing isnt because classroom sizes are too big. I can show you schools in Thailand where kids study in unbelievably crowded classrooms and yet theyre learning much more than our students. Why? Because they want to learn, they want to work hard, because their parents and their teachers expect that of them.“ Back when his firm was two people in one room, Dell told his friends his dream was to become the worlds largest personal-computer maker. He was unrealistic, they said. Why would anyone want to be second or third or tenth?“ he replied. His message to us all: why not at least try to realize your dream, what you would truly love to achieve? 1._ encouraged Michael and his brothers to learn and work hard. A Houston B Computers C. Their parents D. America 2. Michaels excellent idea was to sell directly to the end user from _. A. the machines B. the manufacturer C. the University of Texas D. the salesman 3. What did Dell do rather than let the opportunity of a lifetime pass him by? _ A. He promised to stay in school. B. He bought a computer. C. He took a holiday break. D. He quit school to start a company 4. Dell was determined to succeed in launching his company and _. A. he took a summer vacation B. he made a deal with IBM C. he risked all his savings D. he started working for a manager 5. What had Dell always told himself about having a crisis? _ A. Something important is easy to learn. B. Good things happen because of it. C. Help comes in the years ahead D. Guarantees can help things 6. In order to help his customers quickly when a computer breaks down Dell allows his customers to _. A. talk directly with himself through phone B. talk directly with his computer experts through phone C. talk directly with his manager through phone D. change another computer through phone 7. Unlike Dell, his competitors were _. A. developing products B. finding out what the market wanted C. telling customers what to want D. selling $70 million computers 8. Dells companies are spread all over the world and hire_. 9. Dell leads a normal life, but he is fond of charity and lectures to_. 10. When Dell told his friends he wanted to be the worlds largest PC maker, they believed _. Part III Understanding Short Conversations Directions: In this section youll hear some short conversations. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear. 11. A. The woman doesnt have a computer B. The woman isnt in the computer class. C. The woman wont take the test tomorrow D. The woman hasnt studied for the test. 12. A. Because shes not late. B. Because shes necessary C. Because shell arrive sometime D. Because she starts the meetings. 13. A. Get a new computer B. Replace the microchips C. Fry the microchips. D. Buy an old computer 14. A. Total safety is impossible B. Great people arent careful. C. Careful people are 100% safe. D. Careful people are the most vulnerable. 15. A. He isnt up for the Nobel Prize B. Many people are up for the Nobel Prize. C. He wont win the Nobel Prize next year. D. He doesnt think hell win the Nobel Prize this year. 16. A. He feels tired and wants to get home. B. He works all day and wants to get home. C. He wants the woman to see his dad. D. He wants to invent something interesting 17. A. 20.B. 2. C. 3.D. 4. 18. A. Husband and wife. B. Brother and sister C. Father and daughter. D. Employer and employee. Part 3 Understanding Long Conversations Directions: In this section youll hear a long conversation or conversations. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the same passage or dialog. 19. A. The attempts by black people to get civil rights. B. Civil rights laws passed by the government. C. The civil rights movement of the 60s and 70s. D. The mans actions during the civil rights movement. 20. A. Teacher and student. B. Brother and sister. C. Father and daughter. D. Mother and son. 21. A. The speakers were both in the civil rights movement B. The teacher does not know about the civil rights movement. C. The civil rights movement was more exciting in the past. D. The speakers are both Black Americans. 22. A. In 1963. B. In 1972. C. In 1990. D. In 1970. 23. A. Fighting isnt the way to get ones voice heard. B. The civil rights movement hasnt ended. C. Black people havent gotten any rights. D. The 60s and 70s werent very exciting. Questions 24 to 28 are based on the same passage or dialog. 24 A. In a game production center. B. In an office at Microsoft. C. At Bill Gates home. D. At Paul Allens home 25. A. In 1981. B. In 1975. C. In 1976. D. In 1977. 26. A. Marketing B. Production C. Developing. D. Programming 27. A. He can learn quickly. B. He has a good background. C. He has worked with games before. D. He knows about Microsofts early years. 28. A. The man has never played a game B. The man has a background in programming C. The man has learned quickly about gaming. D. The man has gotten the job at last. Part 4 Understanding Passages Directions:In this section youll hear a passage or passages. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear. Questions 29 to 33 are based on the same passage or dialog. 29. A. The Church. B. Emperor Claudius. C. Lovers.D. A religious man. 30. A. He told Valentine he couldnt get married B. He got married in secret. C. He made wives and children become soldiers. D. He ordered soldiers to stay single. 31. A. Romans.B. Christians C. Young soldiers.D. A young girl. 32. A. Valentine. B. A young girl. C. People in prison. D. Romans. 33. A. Romans preventing love. B. Love in the third century. C. The origin of Valentines Day. D. The history of Valentines Day. Questions 34 to 38 are based on the same passage or dialog. 34. A. Because of its simplicity B. Because of its complexity C. Because of its heaviness. D. Because of its greatness. 35. A. In the imagination of man. B. In history. C. In politics. D. In art. 36. A. About 35. B. More than 5,000 C. Only one. D. About 150. 37. A. China. B. Rome. C. The Middle East. D. The North. 38. A. The uses of roses. B. The history of roses C. The popularity of roses. D. The cultivation of roses. Part 5 Compound Dictation ? Directions:In this section you will hear a passage or passages three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the information you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Questions 39 to 48 are based on the same passage or dialog. What are American schoolchildren learning in schools nowadays? They are not learning any of the things that we learned in our day, like 39. and mathematics. What they are learning is how to 40._ self-esteem (自重). There is a 41_ for schoolteachers, which is called “Happy to Be Me“. Many American schools see building self-esteem as important as teaching 42._ literature. They call it “whole language“ teaching. Schools have changed and more importantly, 43._ have changed. Kids today are now learning subjects called language skills, 44._ and so on. Communicative abilities will often develop from the 45._ between the pupils own insights and what they have read (or heard read) in the classroom. The result is that,46._ There is a new attitude toward journal writing, too. The guide “Happy to Be Me“ says that47._ _. The teacher tells students they can write one sentence or a whole page and reassures (使放心) them that no one will read what they write.48._ _ and will want to share some of their entries with the class. How do you like the American concept of learning? Part 6 Reading Comprehension (Multiple Choice) ? Directions:Read the following passages carefully and choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Questions 49 to 53 are based on the same passage or dialog. Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed (供应，分发) among buyers. The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad (极大数量) of services, including labor, professions, transportation, and public-utility (公用事业) services. The interrelationship of all these prices makes up the system of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else. If one were to ask a group of randomly (任意地) selected individuals to define price, many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a product or service as agreed upon in market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the money involved must be known. Both the buyer and seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees (保证) on the product or service, delivery terms, return privilege, and other factors. In other words, both the buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that compose the total “package“ being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price. 49. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Inherent Weaknesses of the Price System. B. The Complexities of the Price System. C. Credit Terms in Transactions. D. Resource Distribution and the Public Sector. 50. According to the passage, the price system is related primarily to _. A. labor and education B. transportation and insurance C. utilities and repairs D. products and services 51. According to the passage, which if the following is NOT a factor in the complete understanding of price? A. Instructions that come with a product. B. The quantity of a product C. The quality of a product. D. Warranties (保修证书) that cover a product. 52. In the last sentence, the word “they“ refers to _. A. return privileges B. buyers and sellers C. money and credits D. all the factors 53. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses _. A. unusual ways to advertise products B. types of payment plans for service C. theories about how products affect different levels of society D. how certain elements of a price “package“ influence its market value Questions 54 to 58 are based on the same passage or dialog. Im 90 years old. The advantage of being 90 is that you can look forward to death. The world is getting noisier, sexier and more horrible by the minute, but at least I can comfort myself with the fact that the end is in sight. Or so I thought. Imagine my anger when I opened the newsp