On the Reflection of the Differences of Chinese and English Cultures in Sherlock Holmes 英语专业毕业论文.doc

on the reflection of the differences of chinese and english cultures in sherlock holmescontentsabstract in chineseabstract in english1. introduction:sir arthur conan doyle and sherlock holmes12. the differences of values of marriage in the holmes22.1 marriage32.1.1 the marriage of chinese family values32.1.2 british marriage of family values32.2 education42.2.1 chinese parents education52.2.2 british parents education53. the difference between chinese and western etiquette in holmes63.1the origins of chinese etiquette and the western etiquette73.1.1 the origin of chinese etiquette83.1.2 the origin of the western etiquette83.2.1 etiquette education in the western countries93.2.2 etiquette education in china114. conclusion12acknowledgments14references15摘要夏洛克福尔摩斯是由英国小说家亚瑟柯南道尔创造的的侦探角色，他已在世界范围内成为侦探的代名词。他不仅头脑冷静，观察敏锐，而且具有很强的推理能力。福尔摩斯和华生的搭档组合，特别是以及典型的侦探，具有极为深远的影响。现在，福尔摩斯仍然受欢迎，他的故事和其中展现出的时代精神将成为一个非凡的传说。然而，作为一部出色的英国文学作品，人们很少关注到其中体现的中英文化差异。巍峨使人们共全面的了解这部作品，本文从文化，价值观，教育等角度给出一些讨论。关键词：文学 分化差异 婚姻观 礼仪abstractsherlock holmes is a detective created by british novelist named arthur conan doyle,who has now become the best pronoun of detective novels in the world.he is not only cool-headed, acute observation,but also has extremely strong reasoning ability.the partner combinations of holmes and watson, in particular, as well as the typical detective,has extremely far-reaching influence. today, holmes is still popular, his story and the spirit of the times it shows will be a forever immortal legend.however, as one of outstanding works of english literature, people rarely concern the differences between the chinese and british cultures it reflected.in order to make people have a more comprehensive understanding of this work,this topic carry on some discussion from the perspective of culture,values,education,etc.keywords: literature, differences of cultures, values of marriage, etiquettei. introduction:sir arthur conan doyle and sherlock holmesarthur conan doyle was born in the pickup to plath near scotland edinburgh in may 22nd at 1859. he is the second child of charles doyle and marie foley. he graduated from the university of edinburgh. he is outstanding in writing novels and operas .he married louise hawkins in 1885 ,and one year after louises death ,he married jean lecky in 1907.he has five children ,the oldest daughter mary and the son kingsley are the children of louise hawkins ,another three children kingsley , denis and lena jean are his second wifes .he was a doctor at the earlier time ,but the income could only maintain his existence.as a result , he began to write detective novels .if compare sherlock holmes to the age of light, jack the ripper is a dark shadow. visibly, holmes is known as the 19th century the era of light in some ways.sherlock holmes is the protagonist of the novel,who does not exist in reality.he is adored by many people,and he once overshadowed so many heroes of other detective novels.english novelist somerset maugham said:no detective stories have ever had the popularity of conan doyle.sherlock holmes is one of the three well-known figure in the world, with mickey.mouse and santa claus. no doubt,sherlock holmes has become synonymous with detective, and in real life, a lot of people even think holmes as the synonymous with smart people.holmes has become a symbol of wisdom.many readers like detective novels from holmes, many writers walk on the road onto the creation of the detective novels since read sherlock holmes works.sherlock holmes is treated as the bible in the detective novels by reasoning aficionados.holmes is so famous that the british royal family decided to award a knight title protagonist detective sherlock holmes in sir after he appeared in the book 100 years later. emperor ennobled condition was harsh and serious, but for the first time granted to a fictional characters in the book.it shows us how profound influence and important significance the works made,which created by arthur conan doyle 100 years ago.when it comes to the statement that sherlock holmes is the enlighten of vast readers, there should be no suspicion.2. the differences of values of marriage in the holmesthere are more than one discussion about marriage and love appeared in sherlock holmes.for example,in the first episode, holmes discussed with watson about watsons new girlfriend, he said that the marriage “should make them both happy, rather than go into debt and endless torment”. in the eyes of the chinese people, marriage means responsibilities and obligations, not only is the willingness of the two men,but also the ceremony is a continuation of two families. once married, you can not easily go back on, otherwise it will be regarded as infidelity, being around peoples disgust.sherlock holmes is a quite interesting person to study.in the whole story, sherlock is simply precision cold such as a machine, a little warmth which resembles that it does not have makes his personality becomes more complex. this is the main reasons that why people claim that he had a prototype. the experts believe that the sherlock holmess exclusion of women is from his childhood and his mothers unpleasant.of course,the view that all psychological problems are blamed on the problem between the young and the parents is the typical argument of freud.however, it is worth noting that michael(the brother of sherlock) also has a very serious problem in the communication with people and the heterosexual relationships.so this kind of psychological problems may indeed relate to the two history them shared - that is, early childhood family problems.the explanation is that a very extreme and full of dramatic.sherlocks mother was killed by sherlocks father because of having an affair, while the latter has not been punished with various reasons. so sherlock hates women and has no good impression to the police, to stick to their justice standard. his consulting detective find the murderer before the police,and play the role of a judge to conduct the trial of the justice of the latter a few times.different cultural groups have different values due to the influence of different geography, religion, etc .while everyone have a unique set of values which are acquired, there are peoples culture of universal values which are called the cultural values .they make members of this culture judge things from different value yardstick to shows the affirmation and negation, like, note or ambiguous, etc.cultural values determines the specification of peoples social behavior.family values are the core of cultural values research, because the family is the initial environment in which the cultural values form .behavior, concepts and so on will inevitably affected by the family.family is the most basic unit society, thus family values have direct impact on the formation of the whole social and cultural values.marriage relationship is one of the most close and long relationships which is the most basic constitute a family relationship.2.1 marriage2.1.1 the marriage of chinese family valueschina is a culture group who see collectivism as the core values , personal interests need to obey the collective interests, attach importance to the cultivation of interpersonal relationship of harmony and tolerance, so the behavior of chinese family are almost make the small collective interests as the center.family is the joint efforts of direction and goals on both sides of husband and wife.it is the center of all activities.most chinese families follow a feeling of family happiness which does not focus on the interests of each family member but requires them to mutual self-effacing,tolerance and patience.due to the influence of the thought of three cardinal guides,family members are not completely equal, such as between husband and wife, between parents and children.marriage is an important thing for chinese couples, both in its start and it came to an end will have a very important impact on both sides.overall divorce rate in china is far less than in britain, because the chinese pay attention to the collective interests of the family, marriage is no longer belong to personal problems, it contains the element such as morality, responsibility, sense of honor.chinese couples usually dont consider personal interest preferentially when it comes to the marriage and family, which is very different in british.2.1.2 british marriage of family valuesbritain is a country which have several hundred years of history of western culture,especially ancient greek and roman culture. due to the different historical development path and different natural factors such as geographical conditions,it formed cultural values which are definitely different with the chinese cultural values. british family values through three big ideas of independence, power and equal .british view that happiness is based on individual equality, independent development and rights consciousness .one of the most prominent concepts are independence of equality among family members.this kind of family values are closely liinked to the the british individualism values.many people have such a belief “everyman for himself and god for us”.so just individual is the starting point of the british family values.so family life in britain.in general,the british also advocates the principle of independence and everything on their own.overall, britishs view of marriage have greatly difference with marriage of the chinese people. british people think that marriage is a personal affair, nobody has the right to inerfere.it has nothing to do with moral issues at the same time.one shall have the right to choose their loved ones .after getting married, one found that the existing marriage is a mistake, not a happy marriage, they have to make another choice.if one couple who fell in love with the third one, he or she will not be affected by any one condemned.in their view ,two who are not in love love are forced to live together is cruel.therefore, different cultural values lead to different family values,collectivism as the core values of chinese family values have significant differences with the individualism as the core values of british family values .these problems are the spouses communicative contradiction in cross-border marriages.2.2 educationeducation is an integral part of the culture which is influenced by culture and constraints.education is inseparable from the cultural traditions of education ,in addition to certain social and political system, economic development, education ideology, the education system, educational content,and all the educational methods are with cultural tradition traces.as the core of the culture, cultural values have a profound effect on education.implementation of education not only comes from the specification in school but most of the time the process of education is in the family scene which the main factor of this process is the parents.its due to the different cultural values that chinese and english parents take different ideas about which kind of educational methods should be taken.2.2.1 chinese parents educationchinese family values focus on the overall interests of the family collective, there has been a tendency of unequal status in which parents and children for which chinese family has been influenced by confucianism and the impact of the three cardinal guides and the five permanent members.therefore, when make a decision ,parents s decisions are more authoritative.with the chinese society gradually entering the economic and social era,chinese parents pay more attention to the education of children,and more effort are put into the knowledge of the childs education.childs academic success is not just related to the question of the future of their children but also linked to family interests.many parents believe that good results will increase their own facial, this invisible pressure increase the stress of chinese children.evaluation of whether a child is excellent, academic performance is a very important factor.recently, the skills development of children has become an important part of the chinese family education.on the basis of the knowledge of education, parents arrange their children a variety of skills training, for example, piano, dance, calligraphy, chess and other skills training which are becoming the childrens education. these skills are mostly not based on the interest of the child , but arranged by the parents which will be considered a better way to make a living.considering the development of childrens lives in the future,parents usually take many arranged formula.on what school for children to learn in, what professional, work problems, and even marital problems, chinese parents play a major role.2.2.2 british parents educationbritish cultural values of individualism and on the bases of the commercial activities,people always see the profit is a healthy pursuit of value, so it encourages people to actively pursue real interests, and to compete on an equal basis efforts to obtain the best interests and well-being of the individual.in the uk, the sense of competition permeates the entire society and every family.therefore, in uk family values, the sense of competition is also a very important aspect. in order to progress you need competition.only in the competition can fully show their real ability.in order to win in the competition, you must have the strength tenacious of life in society, because the competition is ruthless, and in order to meet the challenges you should improve their ability all the time.so british parents focus on providing their children with a variety of social adaptability including self-care ability, the ability to self-selection, the ability to self-expression.all of these capabilities is indispensable in a competition.british parents respect and encourage children to self-selected, self-responsible, so the parents will fully respect the wishes of the child when developing family education goals.about careers, dating, parents will respect the wishes of the child who will make the final decision finally.all in all, the different cultural values produce a huge impact on the formation of different family educational purposes . chinese and british different cultural values are the reasons that lead to the formation of different family education.3. the difference between chinese and western etiquette in holmesdr. john h .watson was not only the friend of sherlock holmes, but also his recorder writing down the process of solving cases .he is sherlock holmes “boswell”. most of the stories of sherlock holmes were narrated by h .watson .at first,they lived with their host mrs. hudson at 221b baker street in london.later, as is the case in some of those stories , h .watson is not living with holmes because he has married and has his own medical practice near paddington station .when h .watsons wife died he returned to the baker street . and sherlock holmes favorite food is the dishes cooked by mrs. hudson. and sherlock holmess enemy is professor moriarty. moriarty is the lead of the criminal gang and many cases are related with him. he is a math professor. when the government asked sherlock to pursue him, some times sherlock holmes has hardly been murdered by him. in the end under sherlock holmess help, the police ferret out the criminal gang, but moriarty and other his assistants ran away. meanwhile, moriarty found sherlock and duel with him, in the end they both fell into waterfall.as a british man,holmes is a gentleman in common sense.he is able to find what others are thinking about by observing their faces.thus,he can use etiquette skills very skillful.when we are reading this work,we can find many differences between chinese and english daily life.chinese people often use have you eaten something for a meal? or “what are you going to do? to say hello,which can show friendly between the two.however,this kind of words would make the british people feel suddenly and embarrassed and dont understand.they will think that chinese do not respect themselves, want to know about their private life. in the western society, they often say hello, or say good morning, good afternoon or good evening according to the time when they met.when it comes to the farewell words,chinese people usually use goodbye, while the western people are accustomed to say see you tomorrow , i hope to see you next time”,and so on.if at the end of visiting, the chinese people would like to say rest do not toil,but the westerners think that is superfluous suspected.they would say, i hope you recover soon “take care of yourself ”.sherlocks brother michael is always in black suit suits, with black handle umbrella. although he is working in the intelligence agencies of the government which need to pay attention to the image of the government, but it is also a result of culture differences.in formal occasions,the western people usually wear in dark suits and white shirt,with tie and black leather shoes.ladies wear orthodox dresses to attend.chinese traditional clothing is costume, dress, tunic.there are three main differences existing in chinese etiquette and the western etiquette. the first one is different origins of chinese etiquette and the western etiquette. in china, etiquette is equal to courtesy and ceremony. in the west, the word etiquette used to mean “keep off the grass”. the second one is the differences of cultural backgrounds. the third one is the differences of educations.3.1the origins of chinese etiquette and the western etiquettechinese etiquette and the western etiquette have different origins.3.1.1 the origin of chinese etiquettein china, etiquette is equal to courtesy and ceremony. the essenc