乔布斯在斯坦福大学毕业典礼上的演讲_中英对照

Stay Hungry, Stay Foolish 求知若饥，虚心若愚 This is the Commencement Address made by Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Computer and of Pixar Animation Studios, delivered on June 12, 2005 in Stanford University. 这是苹果公司和 Pixar 动画工作室的 CEO Steve Jobs 于 2005 年 6 月 12 号在斯坦福大学的毕业典礼上 面的演讲稿。 I am honored to be with you today at your commencement from one of the finest universities in the world. I never graduated from college. Truth be told, this is the closest Ive ever gotten to a college graduation. Today I want to tell you three stories from my life. Thats it. No big deal. Just three stories. The first story is about connecting the dots. I dropped out of Reed College after the first 6 months, but then stayed around as a drop-in for another 18 months or so before I really quit. So why did I drop out? 很荣幸和大家一道参加这所世界上最好的 一座大学的毕业典礼。我大学没毕业，说实话， 这是我第一次离大学毕业典礼这么近。今天我 想给大家讲三个我自己的故事，不讲别的，也 不讲大道理，就讲三个故事。 第一个故事讲的是点与点之间的关系。我 在里德学院（Reed College）只读了六个月就 退学了，此后便在学校里旁听，又过了大约一 年半，我彻底离开。那么，我为什么退学呢？ 2 It started before I was born. My biological mother was a young, unwed college graduate student, and she decided to put me up for adoption. She felt very strongly that I should be adopted by college graduates, so everything was all set for me to be adopted at birth by a lawyer and his wife. Except that when I popped out they decided at the last minute that they really wanted a girl. So my parents, who were on a waiting list, got a call in the middle of the night asking: “We have an unexpected baby boy; do you want him?“ They said: “Of course.“ My biological mother later found out that my mother had never graduated from college and that my father had never graduated from high school. She refused to sign the final adoption papers. She only relented a few months later when my parents promised that I would someday go to college. And 17 years later I did go to college. But I naively chose a college that was almost as expensive as Stanford, and all of my working-class parents savings were being spent on my college tuition. After six months, I couldnt see the value in it. I had no idea what I wanted to do with my life and no idea how college was going to help me 这得从我出生前讲起。我的生母是一名年 轻的未婚在校研究生，她决定将我送给别人收 养。她非常希望收养我的是有大学学历的人， 所以把一切都安排好了，我一 出生就交给一 对律师夫妇收养。没想到我落地的霎那间，那 对夫妇却决定收养一名女孩。就这样，我的养 父母当时他们还在登记册上排队等著呢 半夜三更接到一个电话:“ 我们这儿有一个没 人要的男婴，你们要么？”“当然要”他们回 答。但是，我的生母后来发现我的养母不是大 学毕业生，我的养父甚至连中学都没有毕业， 所以她拒绝在最后的收养文件上签字。不过， 没过几个月她就心软了，因为我的养父母许诺 日后一定送我上大学。 17 年 后，我真的进了大学。当时我很天 真，选了一所学费几乎和斯坦福大学一样昂贵 的学校，当工人的养父母倾其所有的积蓄为我 支付了大学学费。读了六个月后，我却看不出 上学有什么意义。我既不知道自己这一生想干 什么，也不知道大学是否能够帮我弄明白自己 想干什么。这时，我就要花光父母一辈子节省 3 figure it out. And here I was spending all of the money my parents had saved their entire life. So I decided to drop out and trust that it would all work out OK. It was pretty scary at the time, but looking back it was one of the best decisions I ever made. The minute I dropped out I could stop taking the required classes that didnt interest me, and begin dropping in on the ones that looked interesting. It wasnt all romantic. I didnt have a dorm room, so I slept on the floor in friends rooms, I returned coke bottles for the 5 deposits to buy food with, and I would walk the 7 miles across town every Sunday night to get one good meal a week at the Hare Krishna temple. I loved it. And much of what I stumbled into by following my curiosity and intuition turned out to be priceless later on. Let me give you one example: Reed College at that time offered perhaps the best calligraphy instruction in the country. Throughout the campus every poster, every label on every drawer, was beautifully hand calligraphed. Because I had dropped out and didnt have to take the normal classes, I decided to take a calligraphy class to learn how to do this. I learned 下来的钱了。所以， 我决定退学，并且坚信 日后会证明我这样做是对的。当年做出这个决 定时心里直打鼓，但现在回想起来，这还真是 我有生以来做出的最好的决定之一。从退学那 一刻起，我就可以不再选那些我毫无兴趣的必 修课，开始旁听一些看上去有意思的课。 那些日子一点儿都不浪漫。我没有宿舍， 只能睡在朋友房间的地板上。我去退还可乐瓶， 用那五分钱的押金来买吃的。每个星期天晚上 我都要走七英里，到城那头 的黑尔科里施纳 礼拜堂去，吃每周才能享用一次的美餐。我喜 欢这样。我凭借好奇心和直觉所干的这些事情， 有许多后来都证明是无价之宝。我给大家举个 例子: 当时，里德学院的书法课大概是全国最好 的。校园里所有的公告栏和每个抽屉标签上的 字都写得非常漂亮。当时我已经退学，不用正 常上课，所以我决定选一门书法课，学学怎么 写好字。我学习写带短截线和不带短截线的印 刷字体，根据不同字母组合调整其间距，以及 4 about serif and san serif typefaces, about varying the amount of space between different letter combinations, about what makes great typography great. It was beautiful, historical, artistically subtle in a way that science cant capture, and I found it fascinating. None of this had even a hope of any practical application in my life. But ten years later, when we were designing the first Macintosh computer, it all came back to me. And we designed it all into the Mac. It was the first computer with beautiful typography. If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac would have never had multiple typefaces or proportionally spaced fonts. And since Windows just copied the Mac, its likely that no personal computer would have them. If I had never dropped out, I would have never dropped in on this calligraphy class, and personal computers might not have the wonderful typography that they do. Of course it was impossible to connect the dots looking forward when I was in college. But it was very, very clear looking backwards ten years later. Again, you cant connect the dots looking forward; 怎样把版式调整得好上加好。这门课太棒了， 既有历史价值，又有艺术造诣，这一点科学就 做不到，而我觉得它妙不可言。 当时我并不指望书法在以后的生活中能有 什么实用价值。但是，十年之后，我们在设计 第一台 Macintosh 计算机时，它一下子浮现在 我眼前。于是，我们把这些东西全都设计进了 计算机中。这是第一台有这么漂亮的文字版式 的计算机。要不是我当初在大学里偶然选了这 么一门课，Macintosh 计算机绝不会有那么多 种印刷字体或间距安排合理的字号。要不是 Windows 照搬了 Macintosh，个人电脑可能不 会有这些字体和字号。要不是退了学，我决不 会碰巧选了这门书法课，个人电脑也可能不会 有现在这些漂亮的版式了。当然，我在大学里 不可能从这一点上看到它与将来的关系。十年 之后再回头看，两者之间的关系就非常、非常 清楚了。 你们同样不可能从现在这个点上看到将来； 5 you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something - your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life. My second story is about love and loss. I was lucky I found what I loved to do early in life. Woz and I started Apple in my parents garage when I was 20. We worked hard, and in 10 years Apple had grown from just the two of us in a garage into a $2 billion company with over 4000 employees. We had just released our finest creation - the Macintosh - a year earlier, and I had just turned 30. And then I got fired. How can you get fired from a company you started? Well, as Apple grew we hired someone who I thought was very talented to run the company with me, and for the first year or so things went well. But then our visions of the future began to diverge and eventually we had a falling out. When we did, our Board of Directors sided with him. So at 30 I was out. And very publicly out. 只有回头看时，才会发现它们之间的关系。所 以，要相信这些点迟早会连接到一起。你们必 须信赖某些东西直觉、归宿、生命，还有 业力，等等。这样做从来没有让我的希望落空 过，而且还彻底改变了我的生活。 我的第二个故事是关于好恶与得失。幸运 的是，我在很小的时候就发现自己喜欢做什么。 我在 20 岁时和沃兹（Woz，苹果公司创始人 之一 Wozon 的昵称译注）在我父母的车 库里办起了苹果公司。我们干得很卖力，十年 后，苹果公司就从车库里我们两个人发展成为 一个拥有 20 亿元资产、4000 名员工的大企业。 那时，我们刚刚推出了我们最好的产品 Macintosh 电脑 那是在第 9 年，我刚满 30 岁。 可后来，我被解雇了。你怎么会被自己 办的公司解雇呢？是这样，随著苹果公司越做 越大，我们聘了一位我认为非常有才华的人与 我一道管理公司。在开始的一年多里，一切都 很顺利。可是，随后我俩对公司前景的看法开 始出现分歧，最后我俩反目了。这时，董事会 6 What had been the focus of my entire adult life was gone, and it was devastating. I really didnt know what to do for a few months. I felt that I had let the previous generation of entrepreneurs down - that I had dropped the baton as it was being passed to me. I met with David Packard and Bob Noyce and tried to apologize for screwing up so badly. I was a very public failure, and I even thought about running away from the valley. But something slowly began to dawn on me I still loved what I did. The turn of events at Apple had not changed that one bit. I had been rejected, but I was still in love. And so I decided to start over. I didnt see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life. During the next five years, I started a company named NeXT, another company named Pixar, and fell in love with an amazing woman who would become my 站在了他那一边，所以在 30 岁那年，我离开 了公司，而且这件事闹得满城风雨。我成年后 的整个生活重心都没有了，这使我心力交瘁。 一连几个月，我真的不知道应该怎么办。 我感到自己给老一代的创业者丢了脸因为 我扔掉了交到自己手里的接力棒。我去见了戴 维帕卡德（David Packard，惠普公司创始人之 一译注）和鲍勃诺伊斯（Bob Noyce，英特 尔公司创建者之一译注），想为把事情搞得 这么糟糕说声道歉。这次失败弄得沸沸扬扬的， 我甚至想过逃离硅谷。但是，渐渐地，我开始 有了一个想法我 仍然热爱我过去做的一 切。在苹果公司发生的这些风波丝毫没有改变 这一点。我虽然被拒之门外，但我仍然深爱我 的事业。于是，我决定从头开始。 虽然当时我并没有意识到，但事实证明， 被苹果公司炒鱿鱼是我一生中碰到的最好的事 情。尽管前景未卜，但从头开始的轻松感取代 了保持成功的沉重感。这使我进入了一生中最 富有创造力的时期之一。在此后的五年里，我 开了一家名叫 NeXT 的公司和一家叫皮克斯的 公司，我还爱上一位了不起的女人，后来娶了 7 wife. Pixar went on to create the worlds first computer animated feature film, Toy Story, and is now the most successful animation studio in the world. In a remarkable turn of events, Apple bought NeXT, I retuned to Apple, and the technology we developed at NeXT is at the heart of Apples current renaissance. And Laurene and I have a wonderful family together. Im pretty sure none of this would have happened if I hadnt been fired from Apple. It was awful tasting medicine, but I guess the patient needed it. Sometimes life hits you in the head with a brick. Dont lose faith. Im convinced that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did. Youve got to find what you love. And that is as true for your work as it is for your lovers. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life, and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work. And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you havent found it yet, keep looking. Dont settle. As with all matters of the heart, youll know when you find it. And, like any great relationship, it just gets better and better as the years roll on. So keep looking until you find it. Dont settle. 她。皮克斯公司推出了世界上第一部用电脑制 作的动画片玩具总动员（Toy Story），它 现在是全球最成功的动画制作室。世道轮回， 苹果公司买下 NeXT 后，我又回到了苹果公司， 我们在 NeXT 公司开发的技术成了苹果公司这 次重新崛起的核心。我和劳伦娜（Laurene）也 建立了美满的家庭。 我确信，如果不是被苹果公司解雇，这一 切决不可能发生。这是一剂苦药，可我认为苦 药利于病。有时生活会当头给你一棒，但不要 灰心。我坚信让我一往无前的 唯一力量就是 我热爱我所做的一切。所以，一定得知道自己 喜欢什么，选择爱人时如此，选择工作时同样 如此。工作将是生活中的一大部分，让自己真 正满意的唯一办法，是做自己认为是有意义的 工作；做有意义的工作的唯一办法，是热爱自 己的工作。你们如果还没有发现自己喜欢什么， 那就不断地去寻找，不要急于做出决 定。就 像一切要凭著感觉去做的事情一样，一旦找到 了自己喜欢的事，感觉就会告诉你。就像任何 一种美妙的东西，历久弥新。所以说，要不断 地寻找，直到找到自己喜欢的东西。不要半途 8 My third story is about death. When I was 17, I read a quote that went something like: “If you live each day as if it was your last, someday youll most certainly be right.“ It made an impression on me, and since then, for the past 33 years, I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself: “If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?“ And whenever the answer has been “No“ for too many days in a row, I know I need to change something. Remembering that Ill be dead soon is the most important tool Ive ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure - these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important. Remembering that you are going to die is the best way I know to avoid the trap of thinking you have something to lose. You are already naked. There is no reason not to follow your heart. About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer. I 而废。 我的第三个故事与死亡有关。17 岁那年， 我读到过这样一段话，大意是：“如果把每一 天都当作生命的最后一天，总有一天你会如愿 以偿。”我记住了这句话，从那时起，33 年过 去了，我每天早晨都对著镜子自问：“假如今 天是生命的最后一天，我还会去做今天要做的 事吗？”如果一连许多天我的回答都是“不”， 我知道自己应该有所改变了。 让我能够做出人生重大抉择的最主要办法 是，记住生命随时都有可能结束。因为几乎所 有的东西所有对自身之外的希求、所有的 尊严、所有对困窘和失败的恐惧在死亡来 临时都 将不复存在，只剩下真正重要的东西。 记住自己随时都会死去，这是我所知道的防止 患得患失的最好方法。你已经一无所有了，还 有什么理由不跟著自己的感觉走呢？ 一年前，我被诊断出癌症。我在早上七点 9 had a scan at 7:30 in the morning, and it clearly showed a tumor on my pancreas. I didnt even know what a pancreas was. The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that is incurable, and that I should expect to live no longer than three to six months. My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order, which is doctors code for prepare to die. It means to try to tell your kids everything you thought youd have the next 10 years to tell them in just a few months. It means to make sure everything is buttoned up so that it will be as easy as possible for your family. It means to say your goodbyes. I lived with that diagnosis all day. Later that evening I had a biopsy, where they stuck an endoscope down my throat, through my stomach and into my intestines, put a needle into my pancreas and got a few cells from the tumor. I was sedated, but my wife, who was there, told me that when they viewed the cells under a microscope the doctors started crying because it turned out to be a very rare form of pancreatic cancer that is curable with surgery. I had the surgery and Im fine now. This was the closest Ive been to facing death, and I 半作断层扫描，在胰脏清楚出现一个肿瘤，我 连胰脏是什么都不知道。医生告诉我，那几乎 可以确定是一种不治之症，我 大概活不到三 到六个月了。医生建议我回家，好好跟亲人们 聚一聚，这是医生对临终病人的标准建议。那 代表你得试着在几个月内把你将来十年想跟小 孩讲的话讲完。那 代表你得把每件事情搞定， 家人才会尽量轻松。那代表你得跟人说再见了。 我整天想着那个诊断结果，那天晚上做了一次 切片，从喉咙伸入一个内视镜，从胃进肠子， 插了根针进胰脏，取了一些肿瘤细胞出来。我 打了镇静剂，不醒人事，但是我老婆在场。她 后来跟我说，当医生们用显微镜看过那些细胞 后，他们都哭了，因为 那是非常少见的一种 胰脏癌，可以用手术治好。所以我接受了手术， 康复了。 这是我最接近死亡的时候，我希望那会继 续是未来几十年内最接近的一次。经历此事后， 我可以比之前死亡只是抽象概念时要更肯定告 诉你们下面这些： 10 hope its the closest I get for a few more decades. Having lived through it, I can now say this to you with a bit more certainty than when death was a useful but purely intellectual concept: No one wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven dont want to die to get there. And yet death is the destination we all share. No one has ever escaped it. And that is as it should be, because Death is very likely the single best invention of Life. It is Lifes change agent. It clears out the old to make way for the new. Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will gradually become the old and be cleared away. Sorry to be so dramatic, but it is quite true. Your time is limited, so dont waste it living someone elses life. Dont be trapped by dogma - which is living with the results of other peoples thinking. Dont let the noise of others opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary. When I was young, there was an amazing publication 没有人想死。即使那些想上天堂的人，也 想活着上天堂。但是死亡是我们共有的目的地， 没有人逃得过。这是注定的，因为死亡简直就 是生命中最棒的发明，是生 命变化的媒介， 送走老人们，给新生代留下空间。现在你们是 新生代，但是不久的将来，你们也会逐渐变老， 被送出人生的舞台。抱歉讲得这么戏剧化，但 是这是真的。 你们的时间有限，所以不要浪费时间活在 别人的生活里。不要被信条所惑盲从信条 就是活在别人思考的结果里。不要让别人的意 见淹没了你