自学考试2019年4月00015英语(二)真题答案及解析

1、2019年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(二) 试卷(课程代码00015)本试卷共8页。满分100分，考试时间150分钟。考生答题注意事项：1.本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。2.第一、二部分在选择题答题区作答。必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将答题卡的相应代码涂黑。3.第三一七部分在非选择题答题区作答。必须注明大、小题号，使用05毫米黑字迹签字笔作答。4合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。选择题区第一部分：阅读判断（第110题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，

2、选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案涂黑。My BrotherMy brother is off at college, and at age 14, I miss him terribly. My brother is a rare kind of guy. Hes smart and kind. And my friends say hes lovely. But its how he handles things and how he treats his friends and his family that make

3、me feel more proud.He applied to 14 colleges. He was accepted by all but one, the one he wanted, Brown University. So he took his second choice, and off he went to a first year. When he came home for summer vacation, he said hed move to Rhode Island near Brown, find a job, and do whatever he could t

4、o become known in the area. Hed work his heart out and do his best at everything. Someone, he was sure, would notice. This was a big deal for my parents as it meant agreeing to a year without college. But they trusted him and encouraged him to do whatever he thought it would take to realize his drea

5、m.It wasnt long before he was hired as an amateur（业余的）play director at Brown. Now was his chance to shine, and he did. He put every bit of himself into the job. He met teachers and school officials, talked to everyone about his dream and never hesitated to tell them what he was after.And, sure enoug

6、h, at the end of the year, when he reapplied to Brown, he was accepted.We were all happy, but for me the happiness went very deep. I had learned an important lesson-a lesson no one could have taught me with words. If I work hard for what I want, and if I keep trying after Ive been turned down, my dr

7、eams can also come true. This is a gift I still hold in my heart.1.My brother had many good qualities.ATrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】A【解析】题干大意：我的哥哥有很多优秀品质。定位到文中的第一段的第二至四句，“My brother is a rare kind of guy. Hes smart and kind. And my friends say hes lovely.”，我哥哥是不可多得的人。他聪明且善良。我的朋友都说他很可爱。由此可以推断我哥哥有很多优秀品质，题目

8、与原文意思相符，故选A。【考点】2.Only one university accepted my brother.ATrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】B【解析】题干大意：只有一所大学录取了我哥哥。定位到文中第二段的第一、二句，“He applied to 14 colleges. He was accepted by all but one, the one he wanted, Brown University.”，他（我哥哥）申请了14所院校。除了他唯独想去的那所布朗大学没有录取之外，他被其他所有申请的学校录取了。题目与原文意思不相符，故选B。【考点】3.My brothe

9、rs first year at college was terrible.ATrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】C【解析】题干大意：我哥哥在大学的第一年过得非常糟糕。定位到文中第二段的第三、四句，“So he took his second choice, and off he went to a first year. When he came home for summer vacation, he said hed move to Rhode Island near Brown, find a job, and do whatever he could to become

10、known in the area.”，所以他选择了第二志愿的学校，去大学上了一年。当他回家度暑假的时候，他说他会搬到布朗附近的罗德岛，找份工作，然后尽一切可能在这个地区出名。文中没有提及我哥哥在学校的第一年是否过得很糟糕，故选C。【考点】4.My brother would like to find a job in Rhode Island.ATrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】A【解析】题干大意：我哥哥想在罗德岛找一份工作。定位到文中第二段的第四句，“When he came home for summer vacation, he said hed move to Rhod

11、e Island near Brown, find a job, and do whatever he could to become known in the area.”，当他回家度暑假的时候，他说他会搬到布朗附近的罗德岛，找份工作，然后尽一切可能在这个地区出名。题目与原文意思相符，故选A。【考点】5.My parents disagreed with my brothers plan.ATrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】B【解析】题干大意：我父母不同意哥哥的计划。定位到文中第二段的第七、八句，“This was a big deal for my parents as it

12、 meant agreeing to a year without college. But they trusted him and encouraged him to do whatever he thought it would take to realize his dream.”，这对我父母来说是一件大事，因为这意味着同意不上大学。但父母信任他，鼓励他做任何他认为能实现他的梦想的事情。题目与原文意思不符，故选B。【考点】6.My brother took every opportunity to promote himself.ATrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】A【解

13、析】题干大意：我哥哥抓住每个能提升自己的机会。定位到文中第三段的第四句，“He met teachers and school officials, talked to everyone about his dream and never hesitated to tell them what he was after.”，他（我哥哥）会见了老师和学校官员，和他们每个人谈论他的梦想，并毫不犹豫地告诉他们他在追求什么。由此可以推断出，我哥哥抓住每个能提升自己的机会，题目与原文意思相符，故选A。【考点】7.My brother never told anyone what he was after

14、.ATrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】B【解析】题干大意：我哥哥从来不告诉任何人他接下来的想法。定位到文中第三段的第四句，“He met teachers and school officials, talked to everyone about his dream and never hesitated to tell them what he was after.”，他（我哥哥）会见了老师和学校官员，和他们每个人谈论他的梦想，并毫不犹豫地告诉他们他在追求什么。题目与原文意思不符，故选B。【考点】8.My brother applied to Brown University

15、 three times.ATrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】B【解析】题干大意：我哥哥申请布朗大学三次。定位到文中第四段的第一句，“And, sure enough, at the end of the year, when he reapplied to Brown, he was accepted.”，当然，在今年年底，当他重新申请布朗大学时，他被录取了。结合第二段提到我哥哥第一次申请布朗大学没有被录取，经过一段工作积累之后再次申请被布朗大学录取了，由此可知，我哥哥总共申请布朗大学两次，题目与原文意思不符，故选B。【考点】9.My brother set a good ex

16、ample for me.ATrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】A【解析】题干大意：我哥哥给我树立了一个好榜样。定位到文中第五段的第二、三句，“I had learned an important lesson-a lesson no one could have taught me with words. If I work hard for what I want, and if I keep trying after Ive been turned down, my dreams can also come true.”，我从我哥哥身上学到了重要的一课一个没有人能通用语言教会

17、我的课。如果我为我想要的努力争取，即使在被拒绝后仍继续努力争取，我的梦想也会实现。题目与原文意思相符，故选A。【考点】10.I wanted to go to college, too.ATrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】C【解析】题干大意：我也想上大学。文中最后一段虽有提到我从哥哥那里学到了努力争取来实现自己的梦想，但文中并未提及我是否也想上大学，故选C。【考点】第二部分：阅读选择（第1115题，每题2分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。Garlic（大蒜）Garlic has a lon

18、g history of human use of over 7,000 years. It was originally grown in Asia. It finally made its way to Europe and South and North Americas in the 16thcentury. It rapidly spread to the world because it was easy to grow and could stay alive in poor conditions.Garlic has also long been used in medicin

19、e. Egyptians fed garlic to the slaves to keep up their strength and to defend against diseases. The Romans believed that garlic cured many diseases and helped heal wounds. Greeks gave garlic to athletes during the Olympic Games in order to increase their strength.More recently, garlic has been menti

20、oned as being used as a treatment for battle wounds in both World Wars. In fact, even today people eat garlic for its supposed benefits. For example, many people eat garlic to help fight colds and coughs. Some even claim that garlic can help prevent high blood pressure and cancer.A different use for

21、 garlic in the past was to keep away bad spirits. In some countries, people believed that if they wore garlic around their necks, bad things would not enter their bodies. And if they hung garlic outside the doors of their homes, bad things would go away.Garlic is now grown everywhere in the world. C

22、hina is the largest producer of garlic, followed by India, South Korea, Egypt and Russia. The popularity of garlic has increased over the years. It is now widely used in all types of cooking. Chinese dishes use garlic. Italian dishes include a lot of garlic, too. Garlic is now highly valued for its

23、taste throughout the world.11.Garlic was first grown in_.ANorth AmericaBSouth AmericaCEuropeDAsia【答案】D【解析】事实细节题。定位到文中第一段的第二句，“It (Garlic) was originally grown in Asia.”，大蒜最初生长在亚洲，故选D。【考点】12.Garlic was quickly accepted by people everywhere because it was_.Asimple to cookBeasy to growCgood for healthD

24、tasty in many dishes【答案】B【解析】事实细节题。定位到文中第一段的第三句，“It (Garlic) rapidly spread to the world because it was easy to grow and could stay alive in poor conditions.”，因为它（大蒜）很容易生长，并且可以在恶劣的条件下生存，所以它迅速传播到世界各地，故选B。【考点】13.Ancient Greeks believed that garlic can help_.Acure many diseasesBheal battle woundsCincre

25、ase body strengthDkeep people healthy【答案】C【解析】事实细节题。定位到文中第二段的第四句，“Greeks gave garlic to athletes during the Olympic Games in order to increase their strength.”，希腊人在奥运会期间给运动员吃大蒜以增强他们的体力。故选C。【考点】14.Some ancient people hung garlic outside their doors to_.Afrighten bad spiritsBdecorate their housesCkeep

26、 away insectsDshow their wishes【答案】A【解析】事实细节题。定位到文中第四段的第三句，“And if they hung garlic outside the doors of their homes, bad things would go away.”，过去人们认为，把大蒜挂在门外，厄运就会走开。故选B。【考点】15.The largest garlic grower in the world now is_.AEgyptBKoreaCChinaDRussia【答案】C【解析】事实细节题。定位到文中第五段的第二句，“China is the largest

27、producer of garlic, followed by India, South Korea, Egypt and Russia.”，中国是最大的大蒜生产国，其次是印度、韩国、埃及和俄罗斯。故选C。【考点】第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第1625题，每题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：（1）从第1620题后所给的6个选项中为第段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）从第2125题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。Easy Ways to Green up Your lifeEating meat produc

28、es greenhouse gas emissions（排放）. If you cant give up meet completely, you can reduce your consumption or give up beef. Dont eat out-of-season farm products. They are grown in greenhouses. A lot of energy goes into heating the greenhouses. And shipping such out-of-season farm products by air form rem

29、ote places consumes huge amount of energy, too. Just look for local and in-season foods.Spend less time behind the wheel, cycle and walk more, and use public transport more. If you have to drive, the first thing is to choose a car that uses comparatively less fuel. Besides, stick to the speed limit,

30、 keep your tires properly filled with air, empty your trunk of heavy items, and accelerate and brake gently.Want to take a vacation trip by plane? Dont hurry. Think again. Air travel has a big impact on the environment compared with most other forms of travel. You have better choices. Consider havin

31、g a vacation within driving distance. Of course, taking the train is the best choice.Think about how much stuff you own. A big part of emissions are linked to our consumption. To reduce it we need a change in consumption culture. Do we really need all the things we buy? And do we always need the new

32、est one? Getting fewer things and making the ones you own last longer will reduce energy use.Your choices about heating and cooling your home are some of the most important things you can do in terms of cutting your greenhouse gas emissions. Keeping the temperature a little lower in the winter and h

33、igher in the summer can make a big difference.Task 116.Paragraph_.AChange your shopping habitBDrive less if possibleCTake fewer air tripsDUse air-conditioning moderatelyETake fewer vacationsFEat less meat and more in-season foods【答案】F【解析】该段主要描述吃肉会产生温室气体排放。建议人们少吃肉，多吃当地和时令的食物，故选F。【考点】17.Paragraph_.ACh

34、ange your shopping habitBDrive less if possibleCTake fewer air tripsDUse air-conditioning moderatelyETake fewer vacationsFEat less meat and more in-season foods【答案】B【解析】该段主要描述少开车，多骑自行车或步行，多乘公共交通工具，故选B。【考点】18.Paragraph_.AChange your shopping habitBDrive less if possibleCTake fewer air tripsDUse air-c

35、onditioning moderatelyETake fewer vacationsFEat less meat and more in-season foods【答案】C【解析】该段主要描述外出旅行选择的交通工具。中心句为该段的第三句，“Air travel has a big impact on the environment compared with most other forms of travel.”，与大多数其他旅行出行的方式相比，航空旅行对环境有很大的影响。由此可知，尽可能少地乘坐飞机出行。故选C。【考点】19.Paragraph_.AChange your shoppin

36、g habitBDrive less if possibleCTake fewer air tripsDUse air-conditioning moderatelyETake fewer vacationsFEat less meat and more in-season foods【答案】A【解析】该段主要描述消费与气体排放的关系。中心句为该段的第三句，“To reduce it we need a change in consumption culture.”，为了减少气体排放，我们需要改变我们的消费文化。故选A。【考点】20.Paragraph_.AChange your shoppi

37、ng habitBDrive less if possibleCTake fewer air tripsDUse air-conditioning moderatelyETake fewer vacationsFEat less meat and more in-season foods【答案】D【解析】该段主要描述在给房子供暖和降温时，在减少温室气体排放方面你能做的最重要的事情就是温度的选择。故选D。【考点】Task 221.Eating beef can_.Afrom his car trunkByour room temperatureCfor a vacation tripDincre

38、ase greenhouse gas productionEreduce energy useFyour water consumption【答案】D【解析】定位到文中第一段的第一、二句，“Eating meat produces greenhouse gas emissions（排放）. If you cant give up meet completely, you can reduce your consumption or give up beef.”，吃肉会产生温室气体排放。如果你不能完全放弃吃肉，那你可以减少你对肉的消费或放弃吃牛肉。由此可知，吃牛肉会增加温室气体的排放。故选D。【

39、考点】22.One is advised to remove heavy things_.Afrom his car trunkByour room temperatureCfor a vacation tripDincrease greenhouse gas productionEreduce energy useFyour water consumption【答案】A【解析】定位到文中第二段的第三句，“Besides, stick to the speed limit, keep your tires properly filled with air, empty your trunk o

40、f heavy items, and accelerate and brake gently.”，如果你必须要开车，选择低能耗的车。此外，坚持限速，保持轮胎充满空气，清空后备箱中的重物，并轻轻加速和制动。故选A。【考点】23.One had better take a train_.Afrom his car trunkByour room temperatureCfor a vacation tripDincrease greenhouse gas productionEreduce energy useFyour water consumption【答案】C【解析】定位到文中第三段的第七句

41、，“Of course, taking the train is the best choice.”，考虑旅游出行方式，乘坐火车是最好的选择。故选C。【考点】24.Buying less is one way to_.Afrom his car trunkByour room temperatureCfor a vacation tripDincrease greenhouse gas productionEreduce energy useFyour water consumption【答案】E【解析】定位到文中第四段的第六句，“Getting fewer things and making

42、 the ones you own last longer will reduce energy use.”，少买一些东西可以减少能源消耗，故选E。【考点】25.To save energy, properly control_.Afrom his car trunkByour room temperatureCfor a vacation tripDincrease greenhouse gas productionEreduce energy useFyour water consumption【答案】B【解析】定位到文中第五段的第一句，“Your choices about heatin

43、g and cooling your home are some of the most important things you can do in terms of cutting your greenhouse gas emissions.”，给房子供暖和降温时，在减少温室气体排放方面你能做的最重要的事情就是温度的选择。由此可知，为了节约能源，需要适当控制你房间的温度。故选B。【考点】第四部分：填句补文（第2630题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，请将所选项对应的字母写在答题卡上。A lu

44、cky PenMommy, Ive got something for you! George ran through the door after school one day. He waved something above his head. See, its a lucky pen!_（26）I looked at the pen in my head. There was nothing special about it. But I didnt realize how special it was at that moment.I had made the decision to

45、 pursue a career in writing. _（27）I had dreamed about it for a long time but I was afraid to take a chance. I was scared of rejection.The night before, I had voiced those fears to my husband when I thought George wasnt listening. But George must have overheard us. Now he stood in front of me, watchi

46、ng me examine the pen. You dont have to be scared now, he said. This pen will make your stories great and everyone will love you. Tears filled my eyes. _（28）Rejection didnt seem like such a big deal any more. Even if I never sold the first story, I had everything I could ever need. George in my life

47、!I found out later how lucky I was when I heard what he did to get the pen. During lunch break at school that day, George heard a boy talking about a lucky pen he had. _（29）The boy was a tough negotiator but George didnt give up. In the end, he traded his lunch, his favorite cartoon book, and his ne

48、w football, his most prized possession for that pen. Just to make me feel better._（30）It never fails to remind me just how lucky I am! I am the luckiest mother in the world now and forever.26.26._.AHe got it as a birthday gift.BIt was a decision full of fear and anxiety for me.CHe wanted to get it f

49、or me.DHe handed me the pen happily and proudly.EI grabble him and pulled him tight against me.FI still have that pen, though its long out of ink.【答案】D【解析】由空前一句话“看，这是一支幸运钢笔”和空后一句话“我看着我手中的这支钢笔”可知，空格处是获得这支笔的一个传递过程，选项D连接最恰当，意为“他开心且自豪地把这支笔给了我”，故选D。【考点】27.27._.AHe got it as a birthday gift.BIt was a deci

50、sion full of fear and anxiety for me.CHe wanted to get it for me.DHe handed me the pen happily and proudly.EI grabble him and pulled him tight against me.FI still have that pen, though its long out of ink.【答案】B【解析】由空前一句话“我决定开始从事写作的行业”和空后一句话“我梦想从事这个行业已经很长时间了，但我害怕去尝试”可知，选项B连接最恰当，意为“对我来说，这是个充满恐惧和不安的决定”

51、，故选B。【考点】28.28._.AHe got it as a birthday gift.BIt was a decision full of fear and anxiety for me.CHe wanted to get it for me.DHe handed me the pen happily and proudly.EI grabble him and pulled him tight against me.FI still have that pen, though its long out of ink.【答案】E【解析】由空前一句话“我热泪盈眶”和空后一句话“被拒绝似乎

52、对我来说就不是一件大事”可知，选项E连接最恰当，意为“我把他拉过来并紧紧地抱住他”，故选E。【考点】29.29._.AHe got it as a birthday gift.BIt was a decision full of fear and anxiety for me.CHe wanted to get it for me.DHe handed me the pen happily and proudly.EI grabble him and pulled him tight against me.FI still have that pen, though its long out

53、of ink.【答案】C【解析】由空前一句话“那天在学校午饭的时间，乔治听到一个男孩说到他有一支幸运的钢笔”和空后一句话“那个男孩是一个很强的谈判对手，但乔治没有放弃”可知，选项C连接最恰当，意为“他想为我拿到它（钢笔）”，故选C。【考点】30.30._.AHe got it as a birthday gift.BIt was a decision full of fear and anxiety for me.CHe wanted to get it for me.DHe handed me the pen happily and proudly.EI grabble him and pu

54、lled him tight against me.FI still have that pen, though its long out of ink.【答案】F【解析】由空后一句话“它（钢笔）总是时刻提醒我我是多么地幸运”可知，选项F连接最恰当，意为“虽然那只钢笔已经没墨了，但我却还保存着”，故选F。【考点】第五部分：填词补文（第3140题，每题1.5分，共15分）下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中10个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，请将所选项对应的字母写在答题卡上。Young Readers, Tomorrows Leaders?A new

55、study has good news for kids with strong reading skills. Such kids will have high intelligence as they get _（31）. They will have a bright future.The study included 1,890 twins who did reading tests at_（32）7 and 12, and an intelligence test at 16. The twins had the same genes（基因）and home environment. Therefore, the _（33）between them had to be due to factors that they did not _（34）. For example, one had a better teacher than the other. Some kids did better on the reading_（35）than their twin brother or sister. They_（36）did