中国餐桌礼仪文化-五部分-含英文.ppt

1、Chinese FoodCulture,Catalog,The traditional staple food The traditional festival food Eight regional cuisines Typicaldishes Summary,Chinese traditional staple food,米饭 Steamed Rice 面条 Noodles 馒头 Steamed bun 包子 Steamed stuffed bun 粥 Porridge,The traditional festival food,In material wealth, people gen

2、erally superfluous energy today, many high-energy traditional festival food appears dim a lot, especially New Year cake, Glutinous Rice Balls, lantern, people eat these foods, more in the aftertaste, inheritance history behind them and culture, reflects its cultural value!,The traditional cultural v

3、alue is greater than the nutritional value of food,在物质丰富，人们普遍能量过剩的今天，许多高能的传统节日食品就显得暗淡了许多，尤其是年糕、汤圆、元宵等食品，人们在食用这些食物时，更多的是在回味、继承他们背后的历史和文化，体现其文化价值！,Dumplings are a special kind of holiday food, and also a common home-cooked dish. On Chinese New Years Eve, the whole family sits in a circle, kneading the

4、 dough, mixing the filling, rolling the wrap, wrapping, pinching, and boil the dumplings, all the while having a good time. 饺子是一种特殊的节日食品， 也是一种常见的家常菜。除夕之夜，全家围坐在一起，揉面团，包饺子，煮饺子，共享欢乐时光。,Having dumplings for the New Year is a tradition in many families of the north. (Photographed in 1962, Xinhua),On the

5、fifth day of the fifth lunar month, the Dragon Boat Festival, zongzi, or glutinous rice cake wrapped in reed leaf is the festivity food. The Dragon Boat Festival has had more than 2,000 years of history in China.,Second to the Spring Festival in importance and grandness is the Mid-autumn Festival, w

6、hen people get together to have the moon cake. Because of its round shape like that of the moon, the moon cake symbolizes union. Every Mid-autumn, when the bright round moon is hanging above, and all homes are united, people enjoy moon cakes while observing the moon.,重要性仅次于春节日是中秋节，人们聚在一起吃月饼。它的圆的形状像月

7、亮，月饼象征着团圆。每年的中秋，当明亮的圆月挂上，家人团聚，一起品尝的月饼，赏月。,The traditional food for Lantern Festival is rice glue ball（元宵）. The rice glue balls shape is just like the full moon appears in the sky. This kind of dessert is especially welcomed by children.,元宵节的传统食品是元宵。元宵的形状就像满月出现在天空，这种甜点是由儿童特别欢迎。,The Laba Festival, the

8、 day in most parts of China have the custom of eating Laba porridge. Laba is a harvest year with eight fresh food and fruits boiled, usually for the sweet porridge. porridge in addition to rice, millet, mung bean, cowpea, peanut, jujube and other raw materials, but also add pork, radish, cabbage, ve

9、rmicelli, seaweed, tofu and so on.,腊八节，在中国大多数地区都有吃腊八粥的习俗。腊八粥是用八种新鲜食品一年收获水果煮，通常为甜味粥。中原有许多农民喜欢咸吃腊八粥，除了大米，小米，绿豆，豇豆，花生粥，红枣和其他原材料，但也加入猪肉，萝卜，白菜，粉丝，海藻，豆腐等。,Chinese food can be roughly divided into eight regional cuisines ：,Shandong Cuisine 山东菜系,Sichuan Cuisine 四川菜系,Cantonese food 广东菜系,Fujian Cuisine 福建菜系,J

10、iangsu Cuisine 江苏菜系,Hunan cuisine 湖南菜系,Anhui Cuisine 安徽菜系,ZheJiang Cuisine 浙江菜系,Shandong Cuisine山东菜系,Cantonese food 广东菜系,Consisting of Jinan cuisine and Jiaodong cuisine, Shandong cuisine, is characterized by its emphasis on aroma, freshness, crispness and tenderness. Shangdong dishes tastes pungent

11、 usually. Soups are given much emphasis in Shangdong dishes. 由济南菜系和胶东菜系组成，以其香，鲜，嫩，脆而闻名，通常很辣，注重汤品。,In fact, people in Northern China often say that Cantonese people will eat anything that flies except airplanes, anything that moves on the ground except trains, and anything that moves in the water exc

12、ept boats. 事实上，中国北方人常说，广东人吃天上飞的，除了飞机；地上爬的，除了火车；水里游的，除了船儿。,Comprising local cuisines of Hangzhou, Ningbo and Shaoxing, Zhejiang Cuisine, not greasy, wins its reputation for freshness, tenderness, softness, smoothness of its dishes with mellow fragrance. Hangzhou Cuisine is the most famous one among t

13、he three. 浙江菜系由杭州菜，宁波菜，绍兴菜，组成，不油腻，以其菜肴的鲜，柔，滑，香而闻名。杭州菜是这三者中最出名的一个。,Anhui Cuisine 安徽菜系,Anhui Cuisine chefs focus much more attention on the temperature in cooking and are good at braising and stewing. Often hams will be added to improve taste and sugar candy added to gain 安徽厨师注重于烹饪的温度，擅长煨炖。通常会加入火腿和方糖来

14、改善菜肴的味道。,ZheJiang Cuisine 浙江菜系,Jiangsu Cuisine 淮阳菜系,Hunan cuisine 湖南菜系,Hunan cuisine consists of local Cuisines of Xiangjiang Region, Dongting Lake and Xiangxi coteau. It characterizes itself by thick and pungent flavor. Chili, pepper and shallot are usually necessaries in this division. 湖南菜系由湘江地区，洞

15、亭湖和湘西的地方菜肴组成。它以其极辣的味道为特色。红辣椒，青辣椒和青葱在这一菜系中的必备品,Jiangsu cuisine is well known for its careful selection of ingredients, its meticulous preparation methodology, and its not-too-spicy, not-too-bland taste. If the flavor is strong, it isnt too heavy; if light, not too bland. 淮阳菜的特色是淡，鲜，甜，雅。江苏菜系以其精选的原料，精细

16、的准备，不辣不温的口感而出名，味道强而不重，淡而不温。,Sichuan Cuisine, Characterized by its spicy and pungent flavor, Sichuan cuisine, prolific of tastes, emphasizes on the use of chili. Pepper and prickly ash also never fail to accompany, producing typical exciting tastes. 世界上最著名的中国菜系之一。四川菜系以其香辣而闻名，味道多变，着重使用红辣椒，搭配使用青椒,Sichu

17、an Cuisine四川菜系,Consisting of Fuzhou Cuisine, Quanzhou Cuisine and Xiamen Cuisine, Fujian Cuisine is distinguished for its choice seafood, beautiful color and magic taste of sweet, sour, salty and savory. The most distinct features are their pickled taste. 福建菜系由福州菜，泉州菜，厦门菜组成，以其精选的海鲜，漂亮的色泽，甜，酸，咸和香的味道而

18、出名。最特别的是它的“卤味”。,Fujian Cuisine福建菜系,Mapo Tofu麻婆豆腐,Yu-Shiang Shredded Pork 鱼香肉丝,Spicy chicken麻辣子鸡,Sweet and sour fish糖醋鱼,Roasted Crispy Suckling Pig 脆皮乳猪,佛 跳 墙,Steamed Abalone with Sharks Fin and Fish Maw in Broth,A beggars Chicken叫花鸡,Farewell to my concubine霸王别姬,Man Han banquet,Man-Han Banquet origin

19、s from the Qing dynasty. It is one of the most famous Chinese banquets, which combines the dish essences of Man minority and Han minority.,满汉全席起兴于清代，是集满族与汉族菜点之精华而形成的历史上最著名的中华大宴。,The cuisine of Man-Han Banquet contains one hundred and eight kinds. They would be finished in 3 days. The resources of ma

20、king Man-Han Banquet are broad. They are special selected, including all most wild and sea foods. The cooking techniques are excellent with local features.,满汉全席上菜一般起码108种，分3天吃完。满汉全席取材广泛，用料精细，山珍海味无所不包。烹饪技艺精湛，富有地方特色。,蒸羊羔、蒸熊掌、蒸鹿尾儿；烧花鸭、烧雏鸡儿、烧子鹅；卤煮咸鸭、酱鸡、腊肉、松花、小肚儿、晾肉、香肠；什锦苏盘、熏鸡、白肚儿、清蒸八宝猪、江米酿鸭子；罐儿野鸡、罐儿鹌鹑、卤

21、什锦、卤子鹅、卤虾、烩虾、炝虾仁儿；山鸡、兔脯、菜蟒、银鱼、清蒸哈什蚂；烩鸭腰儿、烩鸭条儿、清拌鸭丝儿、黄心管儿；焖白鳝、焖黄鳝、豆豉鲇鱼、锅烧鲇鱼、烀皮甲鱼、锅烧鲤鱼、抓炒鲤鱼；软炸里脊、软炸鸡、什锦套肠、麻酥油卷儿；熘鲜蘑、熘鱼脯儿、熘鱼片儿、熘鱼肚儿、醋熘肉片儿、熘白蘑；烩三鲜、炒银鱼、烩鳗鱼、清蒸火腿、炒白虾、炝青蛤、炒面鱼；炝芦笋、芙蓉燕菜、炒肝尖儿、南炒肝关儿、油爆肚仁儿、汤爆肚领儿；炒金丝、烩银丝、糖熘饹炸儿、糖熘荸荠、蜜丝山药、拔丝鲜桃；熘南贝、炒南贝、烩鸭丝、烩散丹；清蒸鸡、黄焖鸡、大炒鸡、熘碎鸡、香酥鸡、炒鸡丁儿、熘鸡块儿；三鲜丁儿、八宝丁儿、清蒸玉兰片；炒虾仁儿、炒腰花儿

22、、炒蹄筋儿、锅烧海参、锅烧白菜；炸海耳、浇田鸡、桂花翅子、清蒸翅子、炸飞禽、炸葱、炸排骨；烩鸡肠肚儿、烩南荠、盐水肘花儿、拌瓤子、炖吊子、锅烧猪蹄儿；烧鸳鸯、烧百合、烧苹果、酿果藕、酿江米、炒螃蟹、氽大甲；什锦葛仙米、石鱼、带鱼、黄花鱼、油泼肉、酱泼肉；红肉锅子、白肉锅子、菊花锅子、野鸡锅子、元宵锅子、杂面锅子、荸荠一品锅子；软炸飞禽、龙虎鸡蛋、猩唇、驼峰、鹿茸、熊掌、奶猪、奶鸭子；杠猪、挂炉羊、清蒸江瑶柱、糖熘鸡头米、拌鸡丝儿、拌肚丝儿；什锦豆腐、什锦丁儿、精虾、精蟹、精鱼、精熘鱼片儿；熘蟹肉、炒蟹肉、清拌蟹肉、蒸南瓜、酿倭瓜、炒丝瓜、焖冬瓜；焖鸡掌、焖鸭掌、焖笋、熘茭白、茄干儿晒卤肉、鸭羹

23、、蟹肉羹、三鲜木樨汤；红丸子、白丸子、熘丸子、炸丸子、三鲜丸子、四喜丸子、氽丸子、葵花丸子、饹炸丸子、豆腐丸子；红炖肉、白炖肉、松肉、扣肉、烤肉、酱肉、荷叶卤、一品肉、樱桃肉、马牙肉、酱豆腐肉、坛子肉、罐儿肉、元宝肉、福禄肉；红肘子、白肘子、水晶肘、,蜜蜡肘子、烧烀肘子、扒肘条儿；蒸羊肉、烧羊肉、五香羊肉、酱羊肉、氽三样儿、爆三样儿；烧紫盖儿、炖鸭杂儿、熘白杂碎、三鲜鱼翅、栗子鸡、尖氽活鲤鱼、板鸭、筒子鸡。,Summary,China cuisine culture is an important part of China culture in the aspect of cooking a

24、nd leisure. China food also has a worldwide reputation due to its long-term spread from China to the other regions of the world. Currently, Chinese food is easily found in every corner of the world, and it has become an impressive and influential symbol of Chinese culture.,Chinese Table Manners,Bon

25、Appetit,Feel comfortable, relax 感到舒服, 轻从自在 Enjoy the meal 享受一顿美食,Importance,Table manners are very important in Chinese peoples life. They show whether you are well educated. Chinese people treat dinners as one of the most important social interactions. ( Business will be talked and set while having

26、 dinner.),Before Dinner,1. Prefer round tables, which enable people to sit face to face. Through this way, people feel close to each other. 2. The most important guest( the oldest, the most respectful, etc.) will sit facing the door. 3. After the most important guest sit down, others take their seat

27、s.,4. Guests will not order unless the host ask them to do so. Sometimes, host asks the most important figure to order dishes in order to show the hosts respect( to the important figure). 5. If you have something that you do not like or can not eat, tell the host secretly. He will take into consider

28、ation when he is ordering. 6. Put the napkin on your legs.,7. The dinner will not begin until everybody arrive, even if someone is not on time. 8. While the host is ordering dishes, others usually chat with each other and drink tea to kill time. 9. The restaurant always serve some sneaks, like peanu

29、ts, cucumbers, and chicken feet.,10. If you are sitting near the teapot, it is your duty to serve others tea. Usually, you start from the eldest/female. Do it clockwise. Generally, you serve yourself at last. To be a gentleman, do this job before ladies realize that they need more water. 11. When th

30、e teapot is empty, hold the lid one side up, and the waiter will come and fill it.,1. Soup will be served the first. If the soup is too hot, you can wait until it gets cooler. 2. Dishes will be placed on the turntable. 3. Every time when a dish is served, the most important people take the first bit

31、e. Then others take their bites as the table turns. Sometimes, when there are kids, the youngest kid will take the first bite to show the care from adults.,Having Dinner,4. Do not stick chopsticks vertically in your bowl of rice, because this makes the chopsticks look like the incenses we burn when

32、we are worshiping the dead or praying the god. So it is like you are worshiping people sitting the other side, which suggests that he is dead. Therefore, this action is viewed unlucky and impolite.,5. Usually, you pick up some food, like a piece of meat, placing it in your bowl first, and then eat i

33、t. This makes you look less eager and more elegant. 6. Before you pick up something from the plate, you need to decide which one you are going to pick. Once your chopsticks touch the food, you can do nothing other than picking it up and put it in your bowl. Dont ever try to rummage the one you like

34、in the plate. It is impolite.,7. If there are public chopsticks and spoons, youd better use them when you pick up foods. 8. When you are eating, close your mouth to make less noise. 9. Do not speak when there are things in your mouth. /Do not speak before you finish eating things in your mouth. 10.

35、Do not play with you chopsticks: Do not knock the bowl with your chopsticks. Thats what beggars usually do. That makes you poor.,11. If the food is juicy, use the spoon to help. Do not make the juice split everywhere. When something is hard to be pick up, use the spoon to help, too. 12. To show the

36、warm welcome to the guest, the host will cheer the guest up and try to persuade the guest to drink wine as much as he can. Or the host will be viewed as bad serving. If you can not drink wine, tea and other drinks are also OK.,13. If you have to cough or sneeze, use a towel or napkin to cover your m

37、outh and turn back. Say “sorry” afterwards. 14. If you need to clean your teeth, use your hand or a towel to cover your mouth so that others will not see it.,15. When having dinner at the New Years Eve, Chinese people will not eat all the dishes up. There must be something left to show that we are having a good life, because we have a surplus. It means “every year we have a surplus ( 年年有余 nian2 nian2 you3 yu2)”. Also, fish will not be missed on the