彭长江英汉汉英翻译教程(三)练习参考译文

1、练习参考译文第 1 课1. 我相信，美国的早期定居者爱家的情感一定非常强烈。2. 少男少女们离开父母的家，住进自己的房子。3. 老师选中我扮演学校上演的剧中的公主。4. 演出前几分钟，老师走到我面前，递给我一朵蒲公英。5. 在相隔遥远的地域突然出现了成就最为卓著的一批发明家和革命家。好莱坞好莱坞并不真正是一座城市，而是洛杉矶市的一部分。这个地方也代表着一种思维方式，一种生活方式。第一批电影是在洛杉矶市西区摄制的。当时那里遍地都是/漫山遍野是一种状似冬青的树林（英语中“冬青林”念“好莱坞”）。“好莱坞”由此而得名。电影业始于 1911 年前后，随后迅速发展。到 1920 年，电影业成了洛杉矶市的

2、一种重要产业。最初的 / 首批 / 第一批电影很短。这些影片没有声音， 所以放映时影院里有人弹钢琴或风琴（伴奏）。对白放映/投射在银幕上。塞西尔B德米尔摄制了第一部大型史诗（影）片/史诗大片一个国家的诞生。1928 年，沃尔特迪斯尼的米老鼠在卡通片威利号轮船中首次露面 / 亮相 / 同观众见面。第一部有声片爵士歌手一夜之间大获成功。第一部全彩卡通片是迪斯尼于 1932 年摄制的花草树木/花与树 / 1932 年摄制了第一部全彩卡通片，即迪斯尼的花草树木 / 花与树。不久， 摄制了许多有声彩色影片。电影业继续发展。默默无闻的男女演员一夜之间成为明星。人们到处追逐有名的男女演员。他们买报纸来读，了

3、解自己最喜爱的明星的私生活。好莱坞仍然以其魅力吸引着人们，但如今好莱坞摄制的影片已经不多了。许多老制片厂现在用来制作电视节目。然而人们仍然怀念好莱坞的鼎盛时期/辉煌时期，常去参观马恩中国式剧院，踏进电影明星的混凝土脚印里，装一会儿电影明星 / 过一回明星瘾。第 2 课1. Mt.Tianzi has / boasts / enjoys beautiful scenery and a pleasant climate.2. Each stone is more than 1000 kg in weight / weighs more than 1000 kg.3. Out of the livi

4、ng-room walked an old gentleman in a western suit.4. He put on his jacket hastily and walked out with a hoe on his shoulder.5. (You) buy some fruit with this money to take to the hospital. / This money you use to buy some fruit to take to the hospital.Wonders in IndiaI arrived in India / came to Ind

5、ia by plane / by air. It was a novel place.Throughout the year, there was always a wide variety of flowers. Sometimes even the locals couldnt tell the names of the flowers. One day, I saw a lot of very big fruit hanging in a big tree. When I took a closer / more careful look, it turned out to be a f

6、lock of bats. During the night, when they spread out their wings, they were / looked / appeared as big as basins.To the southwest of Delhi was a beautiful ancient city (which was) called Jaipur. The buildings of the whole city were painted pink, so it was also known as the City of Roses. In fact, we

7、 might as well call it the Land of Peacocks / In fact, it might as well be called the Land of Peacocks. The peacocks there were surprisingly numerous / There were surprisingly numerous peacocks there. Early in the morning, you could see a few peacocks dancing in the flowering shrubs. Every evening,

8、they came out to look for food. They wondered around / about in threes and fours / in small groups. They never avoided people.There were elephants as well / too. They were prettily decked out / up all over. Their keepers called them “Miss Elephant.” Well, they also enjoyed listening to music. When c

9、limbing the hill, I rode on an elephants back. There was someone ringing a bell behind / Someone was ringing a bell behind. “Miss Elephant” rocked from side to side to the rhythm. After I got down / climbed down from the elephants back, the keeper said, “Please give Miss Elephant a little money to b

10、uy sweets with (to eat).” The elephant stretched out her trunk to me. I stuffed a coin into her nostril. She flung / threw her trunk back, and passed the coin into her masters hand. Very cute / smart / clever she was indeed.第 3 课1. 我(是) 在一个小镇上长大(的) ，镇上的小学到我家，只要步行十分钟。2. 我们沐浴着中午和煦的阳光，共进午餐。3. 简担心孩子们适应不

11、了这种新情况。4. 计算器在教室里使用得越来越多，多得难以置信。5. 她思想井然有序，缜密精确, 他们第一次见面的时候，就给他留下了深刻的印象。克莱尔李陈纳德将军(18931958) 青少年时期克莱尔李陈纳德是二战期间飞虎队队长，1893 年生于美国得克萨斯州。克莱尔李原先在弗兰克林教区一个小镇吉尔伯特上学，后移居肯科迪亚教区的约翰湖畔。肯科迪亚教区与腾萨斯教区隔腾斯河而相望，他少年时期常在河畔打猎捕鱼。他往往独自到远处去打猎，一连几天，露宿野外，以打到的小野味充饥。克莱尔李小时候曾两次遭受丧亲之痛。他五岁时母亲就死了/ 他五岁时就死了母亲。十年之后，他的继母，即他原来的老师洛蒂巴恩斯, 也去

12、世了。他成了独来独往的人。克莱尔李才十五岁/ 年方十五 /年仅十五就上了路易斯安那州立大学。他怀念少年时期打猎捕鱼的岁月，每到春天，就设法让校方开除他，他就可以回家去，一连几天、几个星期野营、打猎、捕鱼。最后，他离开了路州大学 / 路大，转入一所州立师范学院。1911 年，克莱尔李初婚，娶了腾萨斯教区沃特普鲁夫镇的内尔汤普森。他们最后共生了八名子女/八个儿女。第一次世界大战爆发时，克莱尔李上了军官训练学校，但他还没来得及参加战斗，战争就结束了。最后， 他为一所飞行训练学校所录取。第 4 课1. Greater Panama has a population of 695,000, accoun

13、ting for / which accounts for more than one third the countrys total.2. Last summer vacation I went with my parents on a sightseeing tour along it,which / and that is still fresh in my memory.3. Panama City has a hot and humid climate, with / as it has an annual average temperature of 26.9 and an av

14、erage annual rainfall of 1903 mm.4. When news of her failure came, Madame Curie still smiled, without showingthe slightest pain or unease, as if it had never happened.5. Its true that we have been leading a difficult life, for we need not only to be under various external pressures, but also to face

15、 internal perplexities.Wang MianHowever / In spite of that, at the end of the Yuan Dynasty was born an extraordinary man / a man of a unique character, who was named / was called / went by the name of Wang Mian, and (who) lived in a village in Zhuji County, Zhejiang / whose name was Wang Mian, and w

16、ho lived in a village in Zhuji County, Zhejiang / who, by the name of Wang Mian, lived in a village in Zhuji County, Zhejiang. When he was seven his father died / At seven he lost his father, so / but / and his mother took in sewing so that he could study at the village school. Soon three years had

17、passed and Wang Mian was ten (years old) / ten years of age / aged ten. His mother called him to her and said, “Son / Child / Boy, its not that I want to stand in your way / to hold you back. But since your father died, leaving / and left me a widow / since your fathers death, leaving / which left m

18、e a widow, I have had nothing coming in / no income. The harvest is bad, and fuel and rice (are) expensive. Some of our few old clothes and few pieces of old furniture have been pawned, and others of them (have been) sold / Our few old clothes and few pieces of old furniture have been pawned or sold

19、. How can I pay for your schooling / pay your tuition / send you to school with nothing but what / the money that I make / earn by sewing for others? Now I have no choice / no alternative / Now there is nothing for it but to hire you out to our neighbour to graze his buffalo. Youll be making a littl

20、e money every month, and youll have free meals to eat too / get free meals too. You start / begin right tomorrow.”“Yes / Ok / All right, Mother,” said Wang Mian. “I feel bored (when / while) sitting in school anyway / I find it boring sitting in school anyway. Its more pleasant grazing a buffalo / I

21、d rather graze a buffalo / I prefer to graze a buffalo. If I want to study, I can take a few books along to read all the same.” So that very night the matter was decided.The next morning his mother took him to Old Qins next door. He gave them breakfast, and when they had finished, he led out a water

22、 buffalo and made it over to Wang Mian.From then on, Wang Mian looked after the Qins buffalo single-mindedly; and every evening he went home to sleep. Sometimes, when the Qins gave /cooked him salted fish or bacon to eat, he would wrap it up in a lotus leaf and take it home to his mother. He didnt b

23、uy snacks to eat with each days snack money either / He also saved each days snack money / the snack money he was given each day, and every month or so (he) would seize an opportunity to go to the village school to buy / where he would buy a few old / secondhand books from the book vendor making his

24、 rounds. Every day, when he had tethered the buffalo, he would sit down in the shade of / under/ beneath the willows to read / and read / he would sit in the shade of the willows reading / and read.第 5 课1. 他长得一表人材，举止彬彬有礼。2. 母亲死得早，她很小就失去了母爱。3. 他心灵手巧，大家认为他是厂里第一把好手。4. 雇主热情地接待了这位先生，恭喜他拥有一个这么有价值的奴隶。5. 他突

25、然要求把乔治的工资拿给他，宣布自己打算把乔治带回家去，厂主和在场的工人听了大吃一惊。阿基尔岛（二）多么奇特 / 奇异、多么可怜的海岛！可是似乎谁也没有觉察到这一点。上帝把他们安置在四面环海的岩石上，因此上帝有意要 / 上帝的意图是要他们呆在那里!谁敢对上帝的智慧说半个不字? 这里土质坚硬，无钱可赚，但是人们可以到英格兰，苏格兰这些外国去赚钱。这些国家，也好像由天意 / 上帝的意旨决定了似的，坐船只要短短几个小时就到了 / 位于坐船只要短短几个小时就能到达的地方。男人们到外国农场打工去了，阿基尔就成了女儿岛。她们持家种地，劳累筹划，等候男人们秋天归来。这些女人和都市里娇滴滴 / 娇气的女子属于两

26、个不同的世界。眼看着在艰苦生活的折磨下，美貌明显地早早凋谢 / 凋零，实在令人痛心。这里的女人三十而老，四十而衰。都市女子领略/体验过的舒适和关怀，她们不知（其）为何物 / 根本没有体验过。人到老年，就像船只进港，有了特权，可以叉着双手 / 十指交叉环顾四周享清福了，可是她们一生中似乎没有这样一个阶段 / 她们到了老年，本来就像船只进港，有了特权，可以叉着双手 / 十指交叉环顾四周享清福了，可是实际上她们一生中似乎没有这样一个阶段。你会看到妇女在田间劳动，像骡马一样驮着东西沿路走来，可都是弯腰驼背， 满脸皱纹，根本看不出她们多大年纪了。满脸皱纹”。然而阿基尔充满了欢声笑语。少女们一边赶着鹅群越

27、过岩石一边格格地笑； 她们一边背着筐子 / 篓子翻过低矮的石墙一边格格地笑；她们一边叫开似乎要一口吞下陌生来客的恶狗一边格格地笑；有人告诉我说 / 我听说，她们笑得最开心 / 最欢的时候，是舞会期间的晚上，这时男人们已从海外归来，小提琴像屋檐下的鸟雀一样，在阿基尔岛群山中到处啁啾。第 6 课1. Ever since I began to work in a bookstore, my obsession with books has been very much on the decline / worn away.2. Books can be bought without being r

28、ead and just left on a shelf.3. Most of them choose long-distance running, the kind of exercise whichfew real sports enthusiasts like.4. As many as over 3000 residents and wounded and sick soldiers perished in the conflagration.5. But even I myself have little idea /am unsure which book is to be rea

29、d or leafed through again at what time. It is all subject to / all depends on the whims of the moment.The Miao Dragon Boat Festival (II)The Miao Dragon Boat Festival is different from / differs from the Hans / that of the Hans / the Han celebration. Apart from / Besides / In addition to a different

30、date of celebration from that of the Hans (which takes place / happens / is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month) , it generally does not include a dragon boat race, but (it) chiefly (includes) visits to friends and relatives in other villages instead. The dragon boat begins its voya

31、ge along the river early in the morning / in the early morning, and is received by friends and relatives wherever /at any place where it stops / arrives.When it approaches / comes near a village, an iron blaster is set off to announce its arrival / inform friends and relatives (of its arrival). Vill

32、agers on the bank respond with firecrackers / set off firecrackers in response and come to meet it. The hosts present two cups of rice wine to each oarsman / present each oarsman with two cups of rice wine and then tie / fasten giftsducks, geese, and colored silks (on) to the head of the dragon. Gif

33、ts for close relatives, like / such as sons-in-law or cousins, are pigs or goats.At about 4 p.m. the boat stops alongside the river bank. The people on the boat eat, with their fingers / without using bowls and chopsticks, meat and glutinous rice balls (which are) placed on the sides of the boat. Wo

34、men and children on the bank come to “beg” the boatmen for food. Legend had it that if one ate food from a dragon boat, he would be free from disaster and have all his wishes fulfilled, / eating food from a dragon boat would protect one from disaster and fulfill all ones wishes, which / and that lat

35、er became a tradition / traditional custom.On the banks of the river are also held / there are also the Miaos traditional horse races, bullfights and drum dances. Girls in holiday clothes / holiday attire / holiday array / their holiday best dance to (the accompaniment of) (log) drums / (log) drum b

36、eats. Young men and women sing antiphonally all through the festival nights; they get to know each other / get acquainted with each other thereby, and often get married / become man and wife later.第 7 课1. 当时人们并不住在可以锁门闭户的构造坚固的房子里。2. 她德才皆优，教学效果很好，一向受到学生和同事的称赞和尊敬。3. 即使当时父亲知道别人已经取代了他（的位置），也从未显露出来。4. 最后，

37、我的邮箱换上了乡村的地址。亲手送糖和卡片的事就交给了美国邮政公司。5. 的确，我的外祖父风华正茂之时就去世了/夭折了，年仅六十七岁。（作者的其他祖先都活到了八九十岁，所以把六十七岁去世的外祖父风趣地说成年轻人夭折。）大本钟大本钟是伦敦最有名的地标之一，也是世界上最大的四钟面时钟之一。1856 年 4 月 10 日铸造了一口重 16 吨的报时钟，这个名字最初是给予那口钟的。这口钟从未正式命名，但是钟上的铭文记载，下订单的是工程局局长本 杰明霍尔爵士 / 是工程局局长本杰明霍尔爵士下的订单；另一种猜测是， 这口钟可能是根据当时走红的重量级拳击手本杰明考恩特命名的。还有一种传说是，这口钟本来打算命名

38、为“维多利亚”，向维多利亚女王表示敬意，但是举行仪式时的演说没完没了，有个爱开玩笑的人喊道：“啊，就管它叫 大本，别罗嗦了！”这个名字就粘上了 / 甩不掉了。当时钟楼尚未完工 / 竣工，这口钟安放在新王宫院内，但钟在钟槌的敲击下裂开了，其金属重铸为如今使用的重 15.17 吨的钟 / 其金属重铸为另一口钟，重 15.17 吨，如今仍在使用。新钟于 1859 同四口报刻钟一道安放于钟楼之内。1834 年 10 月 16 日晚，原来的威斯特敏斯特宫毁于火灾，钟楼是作为查尔斯巴利设计的新王宫的一部分而建造的。按维多利亚时代的哥特式风格设计，高 316 英尺（合 96 米）。由于自建成以来就存在的地面

39、状况，钟楼稍向西北倾斜，大约 8.66 英寸 (合 220 毫米) 。钟面嵌在一个直径 21 英尺（合 7 米）的铁制框架中，框架支撑着 576 块乳白玻璃，很像一个彩色玻璃窗。有些玻璃可以卸下来 / 拆下来检查指针。分针长 14 英尺（合 4.25 米），数字高 2 英尺（合 0.6 米）。议会开会期间， 钟面上方亮起灯光。到了晚上，四个钟面都照亮了，这座钟就成了一道异常壮观的景象。英国国民要登上钟楼，可拨打 / 呼叫 02072193000 进行预约。国外游客要求游览，可在预定参观之前至少 3 个月发函至：英国伦敦 SW1A 2JN，坎南路 1 号, 议会公共工程设施局钟楼游览处。第 8

40、课1. Picking Betel Nuts, (which is) a Hunan folk song with simple words and a beautiful melody, expresses the pure love between young men and women.2. Aerodromes on the prairie have no runways. Planes glide on the grass when taking off or landing.3. 把家作为独处之所的这种观念正在我的祖国形成。在那里，年轻人纷纷离开父母家独立生活。4. 她热爱学生，关

41、心学生，耐心地教学生，而且教得很好。5. 他去世时享年 88 岁。他 40 岁时就被认为痼疾在身，对于这样一个人来说，这真是了不起的高龄了。Zhangjiajie Forest ParkZhangjiajie Forest Park is located / is situated / finds itself within the boundaries of Zhangjiajie City in northwestern Hunan /, northwestern Hunan. Founded in 1982, this forest park / This forest park, fo

42、unded in 1982, was included by the United Nations in The World Natural Heritage Directory in Dec., 1992, and listed as a world geopark in Feb., 2004.It is Chinas first national forest park, and boasts a peculiar sandstone needle karst landform. / (As) Chinas first national forest park, it boasts a p

43、eculiar sandstone needle karst landform / It is Chinas first national forest park, boasting / with a peculiar sandstone needle karst landform. There are here / It has numerous fantastic peaks and rocks, all shrouded in clouds and mist whether it is clear or rainy, making the place look like a dreaml

44、and. / The place looks like a dreamland as there are here / as it has / with numerous fantastic peaks and rocks, all shrouded in clouds and mist whether it is clear or rainy.With lofty peaks and dense primeval forests, it has species of the worlds five families of plants, more than twice as many as

45、/ double / doubling those in Europe as a whole, and many of which are rare survivors of ancient species. It is also a favorable natural habitat for various kinds of rare birds and animals, among which the locally called “water-carrying bird”, in particular, is a fowl very rare indeed in the world.Hu

46、angshizhai is the top attraction of Zhangjiajie where the best sights in the place are concentrated / with / boasting / embracing the best sights in the place. There is the local saying: “From coming to Huangshizhai you refrain, and your trip to Zhangjiajie is in vain.” There the tourist can enjoy t

47、o his hearts content / can feast his eyes on a marvelous fairyland of fantastic peaks and rocks, streams and forests, rare birds and animals, and sunrises above clouds.第 9 课1. 前总统布什沿袭白宫老规矩 / 惯例，在椭圆形办公室给奥巴马总统留下一张便条。2. 岁月可能让皮肤长出皱纹，丧失热情则会让心灵长出皱纹 / 衰老。3. 只有那些具有不屈不挠的意志和大无畏精神的人才能奋斗到底，直到最后胜利。4. 忧虑、恐惧、缺乏自信只

48、会让人意气消沉，变成行尸走肉。5. 有志者事竟成。这句话的意思是，你真的下定决心去做某件事，不管有多难，都会最终找到把事情办好的方法。印巴研制核武器揭秘（节选）印度的核试验反过来又为巴基斯坦核武器鼓吹者提供了进行核试验的完美借口。在巴基斯坦，宗教极端分子也鼓吹进行核试验。与此同时，军方谋求研制核武器，以对抗 / 抗衡（规模）大得多的印度武装力量 / 武装部队。印度进行核试验之后，美中两国的外交努力部分地抵消了这种呼声。此外，一些分析家和活动家还列举了经济制裁可能产生的不良影响，因为 / 说任何核试验后经济制裁必定随之而来。他们建议，巴基斯坦不要步印度后尘/效法印度让印度独自面对国际社会的愤怒，

49、但无济于事。印度进行核试验三周后，巴基斯坦也进行了自己的核试验。虽然双方都夸大其词，但两国的核试验引起的地震信号微弱，（这就）让人怀疑它们宣布的核爆炸当量。印度武器研究部门公布的支持其声言的数据严重不足 / 印度武器研究部门公布了一些数据支持其声言，但（数据）严重不足，例如，一张据说表明核辐射副产品当量的曲线图坐标轴上没有单位。独立科学家一直无法核实两国的确引爆了各自宣称的那么多装置。不管具体情况如何，两国核试验大大改变了南亚的军事局势。这些试验刺激两国研制更先进的武器、导弹、潜艇、反弹道导弹系统和指挥控制系统。1999 年 8 月，印度核原则草案要求部署“由飞机、地面移动导弹和海上发射 /

50、海基导弹”构成的三合一力量来投放核武器。这样的系统将耗资约 80 亿美元。今年 1 月，印度政府宣布将部署新的远程导弹。一个月后，巴基斯坦海军副参谋长也宣布，巴基斯坦正考虑至少在一艘潜艇上部署导弹核导弹/ 至少为一艘潜艇装备核导弹。第 10 课1. China has a population of more than 1.3 billion, and its land natural resources per capita are lower than the worlds average.2. In an emergency, timing, organization and exper

51、tise are critical.3. I am not a man of letters, nor do I belong to any particular school. Thus I am not restricted in any way.4. They are white poplars. Though very common in Northwest China, they are no ordinary trees!5. I went in to have a look. All I remember now is / Now I only remember that the

52、 guards at the entrance were Swiss soldiers in yellow uniforms.China Declares National Mourning; Rescues (Still) Continue (II)But rescuers still havent given up hope. Over the weekend, soldiers / troops opened a road into this town in the mountains of central Sichuan, allowing / permitting essential

53、 supplies and equipment to start flowing / coming in to rescuers and survivors and providing an escape route for those fleeing the destruction.That puts Yingxiu, (located) about 60 miles (to the) west of Chengdu, at / That made Yingxiu, about 60 miles (to the) west of Chengdu, the center of one of /

54、 what is one of the largest disaster-relief operations in Chinese history. Tens of thousands of soldiers / troops, paramilitary police, rescuers, civilian officials and volunteers have joined / thrown themselves into / plunged into the effort.Firefighters / Firemen from Qingdao in eastern China bega

55、n to tunnel into / dig a tunnel into the wreckage / ruins of a collapsed office building in the early hours of the morning Sunday, trying to extricate / save / rescue as many as / up to four people believed to be alive after they had been trapped for nearly a week.At least one of the people, a 44-ye

56、ar-old woman whose legs were pinned (down), was still able to talk to the rescuers and received food and water, said / according to a firefighter involved in / taking part in / participating in / who had joined in the rescue.But when an aftershock measuring magnitude 6.1 / a magnitude-6.1 aftershock

57、 hit / struck and rain turned into a downpour, making the building even more unstable, the firemen had to / were forced to / were compelled to suspend the search. They resumed work / the rescue at dawn / after daybreak.The woman, (named / called / by the name of) Yu Jinhua, was (successfully) rescue

58、d at 8:10 p.m. Sunday, Xinhua reported. She had been buried for (as long as) 150 hours. Rescuers spent 56 hours trying to get her out / rescue her / extricate her, the report said.第 11 课1. 英国的足球运动让外国人最感意外的情况之一就是,这种运动连最小的男孩也似乎了如指掌。2. 在英国，大多数学校都重视足球比欧洲大陆几乎所有的学校都重视得多。3. 当地村民，以不透露村庄名字为条件，给我们提供了详细情况。4. 他们被招募为这些战斗人员炸出新的洞穴群。5. 这些话表明，些为美国提供情报的人在耍两面派。人类与地球（节选）本世纪，在确定人类与地球关系的物质现实状况的两个因素方面发生了 重大变化：一是人口突