ReviewofUnits7-8 (2).pptx

1、,Object Clauses,宾语从句专题,主讲老师：陈原泉 指导老师：蓝惠华,学校：福建省漳浦达志中学,科普2011课标版八年级英语下册,什么是宾语从句,合作探究一：请观察下列句子宾语的构成： I have a friend. Her mother bought it. They like reading the book. Jane wants to have a rest.,(名词）,（代词）,（动词不定式）,（动名词）,结论：当宾语可以用一个单词或短语表达时，我们就直接把该单词或短语置于动词后面作宾语，宾语一般由 _来充当。,名词、动名词、代词或动词不定式,合作探究二： 请思考：如何

2、表达“我知道你在看电视”,宾语从句,分析： 宾语是一个完整的句子，无法用一个单词来表达“你在看电视”，只能用句子表达，即：,结论： 这种放在动词后面作宾语的句子，就叫作 _。,I know (that) you are watching TV.,合作探究三： 宾语从句的种类 1.动宾：,动词后面+句子,I think you are good.,2.介宾：,介词后面+句子,He is sorry for what he said.,3.be+形容词后面+句子,I am not sure whether there are UFOS.,合作探究四：宾语从句三要素是什么？,请观察下列句子：,I a

3、m sure that he is a bad boy. Do you know whether Tom will come here? He asked me when I was born.,三要素:,引导词，,语序，,时态,合作探究五：引导词,1.由从属连词 _引导的宾语从句 2.由从属连词 _引导的宾语从句 3.由连接代词 _ 连接副词 _ 引导的宾语从句，也可理解为由_引导的宾语从句。,that,whether, if,who, whose, which，what,where, how, why, when,特殊疑问词,（1）由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,that 在句中没有词汇

4、意义，在从句中不能充当成分，只 是使读者清楚后面的句子是前面动词的宾语，在口语当中 往往省略。 一般情况下，当_做宾语时用_引导。 eg. 1. I hear.（一小时后他会回来） ,陈述句,that,I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.,He will be back in an hour.,2. He said.（他非常想念我们） 3. I hope.(他们将会玩得开心） ,He missed us very much.,He said (that) he missed us very much.,They will have a good t

5、ime.,I hope (that) they will have a good time.,（2）由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句,whether /if 本身作“是否”讲，如果我们要表达一个不确定的概念，就要用whether/if来引导一个从句。一般情况下，如果宾语是_，就要换成由从属连词_或_引导的宾语从句。 whether和if常常可以互换，但是，当从句后面有 or not的话，就只能使用whether构成“whetheror not”的结构。 注：whether/if 后面的句子要用_，即主语在前，谓语在后。,一般疑问句,if,whether,陈述语序,例句分析： e

6、g. 1. 他问我们周日是否去钓鱼。 在这句话中，“周日我们去钓鱼吗”是一个一般疑问句的含义，所以转换成宾语从句时用whether/if引导。 ,He asks.（主句）,Will we go fishing on Sunday? （从句：一般疑问句）,He asks whether/if we will go fishing on Sunday.,2. 我不知道李明明天会不会来。 在这句话中，“李明明天来吗”是一般疑问句的含义，所以转换成宾语从句时用whether/if引导。 ,I dont know.（主句）,Will Li Ming come tomorrow? （从句：一般疑问句）,I

7、 dont know whether/if Li Ming will come tomorrow.,练习:pair work,1. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句) Li Lei wants to know _ Peter _ here yesterday. 2. Is Lingling a student? I dont know. I dont know _.,whether/if came,whether/if Lingling is a student,3. 我不知道明天是否会下雨。 I

8、 dont know_. 4. 李明问我周日是否去北京。 Li Ming asks_ _ 5. 老师问我们是否写完了作业。 Teacher asks _.,whether/if I will go to Beijing on Sunday .,whether/if it will rain tomorrow,whether/if we have finished our homework,只用whether, 不用if 的情况,1、在带to的不定式前 eg： 2、在介词的后面 eg：,We decided whether to walk there.,Im thinking of whethe

9、r we should go to see the film.,3、直接与or not连用时 eg: .我不知道他是否会来。 . 玛丽问我是否在做作业。,I dont know whether he will come or not.,Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.,（3）由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。,如果遇到什么时间、什么地点、什么方式、什么原因之类的问句时，我们就要使用相应的疑问词来连接从句。也就是说，当宾语是特殊疑问句时，就要用相应的_来引导。在疑问词引导的从句中，一定要用_语序。 eg. I didnt hear.（

10、主句） What did he want me to do? (疑问语序） （从句：特殊疑问句） ,疑问词,陈述,I didnt hear what he wanted me to do.,（陈述语序）,把一个特殊疑问句放在宾语从句中，我们要做好两步： 1. 移。就是把特殊疑问句中的特殊疑问词移到句子中来； 2. 变。就是把特殊疑问词后面的一般疑问句变为陈述句语序。 e.g. How can I get to the station? I dont know. 首先，我们把主句找出来，即：I dont know. 那么接下来是我不知道什么呢？后面就需要一个宾语从句，而后面的句子是以特殊疑问词H

11、ow来引导，所以， 第一步疑问词移下来变为： 第二步看剩下的部分： 是一个一般疑问句，要改成陈述句，即把主语放到前面： 然后加到前面的句子上。 那么这句话就变成了：,I dont know how,I can get to the station.,can I get to the station?,I dont know how I can get to the station.,1. He asked. Who could answer the question？ 2. Can you tell me？Where is he ? 3. Could you tell me？ How can

12、I get to the station? ,探究练习：合成宾语从句,He asked who could answer the question.,Can you tell me where he is?,Could you tell me how I can get to the station?,注意这些例句中的陈述语序。,练习：,1. Where is Tony from? I dont know. _ 2. How old is Lingling? Miss Li wants to know. _ 3. When will my father come back? I cant te

13、ll you. _ 4. Where is the bus stop? The foreigner asks. _ 5. Which is the right answer? Can you tell me? _,I dont know,Miss Li wants to know,I cant tell you,The foreigner asks,Can you tell me,where,Tony is from.,how old,Lingling is.,when,my father will come back.,where,the bus stop is.,which,is the

14、right answer.,二、宾语从句中的时态,1. 当主句是现在时或将来时的时候，宾语从句可以使用_。 eg. We know. Mr. Chen teaches English. I dont know. Did he finish his homework last night? ,所需要的任何时态,（主句：一般现在时）,（从句：一般现在时）,We know (that) Mr. Chen teaches English.,（主句：一般现在时）,（从句：一般过去时）,I dont know whether he finished his homework last night.,2主句

15、是过去时，宾语从句一般只能用_ eg. He said. He is reading a book now. He wasnt sure. Will Sally come ? ,过去的某种时态,（主句：一般过去时）,（从句：现在进行时）,He said he was reading a book at that time.,（主句：一般过去时）,（从句：一般将来时）,He wasnt sure whether Sally would come or not.,3. 当从句叙述的是客观事实或一般真理时，宾语从句仍然用_。 eg. He told the boy. The earth goes a

16、round the sun. Wang Tao said. Fujian lies in the east of China. ,现在时态,（主句：一般过去时）,（从句：表客观规律）,He told the boy that the earth goes around the sun.,（主句：一般过去时）,（从句：表客观存在）,Wang Tao said Fujian lies in the east of China.,1. You are growing so fast. Can you tell me _? A. how fast are you B. how fast you are

17、 C. how tall are you D. how tall you are 2. I dont know _ she comes or not. A. if B. whether C. where D. how,练一练,D,B,3. Can you tell me how _ Beijing? A. get to B. to get C. I can get to D. can I get to 4. David doesnt know _ for Guangzhou, because the boss hasnt dicided who to go. A. when he will leave B. when will he leave C. if he leaves D. if he will leave 5. Tom asked Mike _. A. where did he live B. where he lived C. where does he live,C,D,B,1. She said,“ I can mend it.” She said _ _ _ mend it. 2. 我不知道他是否病了。