高考英语题型专题复习：短文改错.ppt

1、高考英语专题复习,短文改错,（一）解题步骤,1 浏览全文，掌握大意,2 分句阅读，逐行找错,3 由易到难, 各个击破,4 检查核对，注意方法,（1）词法内容。包括名词、代词的数与格，反身代词，动词时态语态，非谓语动词、短语动词的用法，不规则动词的变化形式，形容词的比较级，形容词副词的区别，介词的误用等。 （2）句法内容。包括主谓一致、指代一致，并列连词，从属连词等引导各种从句的关联词语，感叹句，疑问句，祈使句的结构等。 （3）行文逻辑。包括句子的肯定、否定、推理判断等。,高考内容,a.(00) She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me

2、success.,schoolmates,b.(04)After class we become stranger at once.,strangers,c.(01)They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that Ill get marks in all my subject.,subjects,1.名词,考点设置,e.(02)On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.,pictures,e. (05) There are

3、 advantage for students to work while studying at school,命题特点:本来用复数,却用单数.改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份; (2)根据上下文的逻辑关系.,f. (06) He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.,advantages,idea,g、(07) I looked at his other hands.,hand,h、 (08) I stayed here for one and a half hour and made sure that the gir

4、l was all hope you understand.,hours,a.(02) It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain. The three of them were very excited.,b.(03) Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English .,us,2.代词,myself,c.(03) One day I wrote a little s

5、tory and showed to my teacher .,d.(05) Some students may also save up for our college or future use .,it,their,e.(03)I was learning to express me in simple English. f.(06) I just smiled to me and thought, “What can I do? We are guests after all.”,命题特点： 1.女性代词指代男性或相反； 2.单数指代复数； 3.代词词性误用。 改正方法：联系上下文的逻

6、辑关系。,myself,myself,they,1.人称代词的偷换错误,2. 缺少人称代词的错误,3. 人称代词数的一致问题,4. 人称代词格的一致问题,代词的错误,1. The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.(NMET03) 2. I have a good friend whos name is Liu Mei.(2004 福建),their,whose,a.(01) we do not seem to get much time to talk about together.,b.(02) I was so tired that

7、I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.,c. (03) The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.,d.(04)Well talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner.,3.介词,at,about,e.(05)I am writing to thank you with your kind help.,for,in,

8、f. (06) He was looking for a glass the cupboard.,in,命题特点及改正方法：介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：1）介词的基本用法；2）习惯搭配；3）动词词类确定错误，如talk , serve, wait等。,g、 (07) Each these lines stands for a trouble in my life.,of,介词短语常常考， 固定搭配要记牢。 介词后边跟宾语， 结合语境细推敲。,介词的错误,1.We practise for three times every week.(NMET98),2.And I cant

9、forget the food you cooked for I.(NMET95),me,for,a.(01) They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that-,do,b.(02) The time passes quickly. Evening came.,4.动词时态,passed,c.(03)She liked it very much and reads it to the class.,d. (04)I dont know tha

10、t they dont like to talk with me. Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class.,read,talk,f.(05)I will write again and send you the photos we take together. g. (06)We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel ago.,命题特点及改正方法：现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文，着眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都

11、是过去，突然一个句子用现在时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。,took,had,h. (07) Then I ask him.,asked,a. (00) She is smiling at me but nodding at me .,and,b. (01)It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.,c. (02)The food was expensive and the service was good.,or,5.andbutor误用及前后不一致,but,d. (06) I came into the

12、living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light.,e.(02)we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.,and,visited,f.(03) she liked it very much and reads it to the class.,命题特点： 主要考查and、or、but、 so等并列连词的误用。 改正方法；1）根据句意确定错误； 2）根据句子的逻辑关 系确定错误。,read,a.(02) It wa

13、s about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.,in,b.(04) I dont know that they dont like to talk with me.,c. (03)The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate everything into English.,how,6.从句连词,d.(01)What things are in other homes, I wonder.,why,when,f.(05)Ea

14、rning their own money allows them to spend on anything as if they please.,g.(06) They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early in the morning.,if,that,命题特点及改正方法：句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。解答这类题从以下方面来思考：1）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；2）复合句中边接主句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等。,a. (02) As everyone knows, i

15、ts famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.,the,b. ( 01)We may be one family and live under a same roof,but-,c. (04) on Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend.,the,7.冠词,a,d. (05)I hope youve had pleasant journey home,a,命题特点及改正方法：英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：1）不定冠词a和an互

16、改；2）不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改；3）根据需要增删冠词。,a. (04)I would describe myself as shy and quietly.,quiet,b. (04)There have been reports in America about people trying to steal person information for bad purposes.,personal,c. (04)Finding information on the Net is easily.,easy,d.(05) So what I learned from the job

17、was much more important as what I earned.,than,8.形容词、副词,e.(05) My pronunciation was terribly . f.(06) They came back lately and had some tea.,命题特点及改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。1）根据adj.或adv.的基本用法确定错误；2）修饰连系动词或名词用形容词；3）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。,terrible,late,a.(01)My parents will do all they can make

18、 sure that I get a good education.,to,b.(02)We fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.,talking,c.(03) Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English.,9.非谓语动词,visited,d.(05) Some students may also to save up for our college or future use.,t

19、o,f.(05) Earning their own money allow them to spend on anything as they please.,命题特点改正方法：1）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；2）动词不定式和动名词的错用；3）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。,allows,动词形，名词数， 还要注意形和副； 非谓语，细辨别， 习惯用法要记住； 句子成分多分析， 逻辑错误须关注； 冠词连词常光顾。,短文改错口诀：,一、动词形,主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如：,NMET2003：She liked it very much and reads

20、it to the class. NMET2000： Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. ,read,are,动词形常见错误,一般过去时与一般 现在时错用。 第三人称单数形式错用。 and 前后动词时态不一致。(and具有对称性） 主谓不一致。 缺少谓语动词（尤其缺be动词） 主动语态与被动语态错用 Used to 的运用错误,二、名词数,指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如：,NMET2001： so that Ill get good marks in all my subject. NMET20

21、03: Their word were a great encouragement to me. _,subjects,words,改正方法： 根据名词前的修饰限定 成份 根据上下文的逻辑关系,1.There are advantage for students to work while studying at school.(NMET2005),2.On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. (NMET2002）,advantages,pictures,三、还要注意形和副,注意形容词

22、和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。例如：,NMET 2004 : I would describe myself as shy and quietly. _ NMET 2005 : He asked angry if we had finished the work. _,quiet,angrily,命题特点及改正方法： 主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。 根据adj或adv的基本用法确定错误； 修饰连系动词或名词用形容词； 修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。,My pronunciation was terribly. (NMET2

23、005),2.Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family.(NMET99),terrible,Unfortunately,四、非谓语，细辨别,这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。例如：,NMET2001： My parents love me and will do all they can make sure NMET 2002: We fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. _ NMET 2003: Soon I began to enj

24、oy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English. _,to,visited,talking,非谓语动词常见的错误,1）不定式 2）动名词作主语、宾语 3）and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致（尤其距离较远时） 4）现在分词和过去分词的区别等。,1.They will do all they can make sure that I get a good education. (NMET2001),2.Play football makes us grow up tall and s

25、trong.(NMET1998）,to,Playing,五、习惯用法要记住,主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。例如：,NMET2000: Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher. _ NMET2003: My teacher advised me to keep my diary. _,a,a,六、句子成分多分析,不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。例如：,NMET 2004 : I dont know that

26、 they dont like to talk with me. _ NMET 1997：I live in Beijing，where is the capital of China. _,why,which,七、逻辑错误须关注,与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。例如：,NMET 2003: The main problem was that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. _ NMET 2005: Some students may al

27、so save up for our college or future use. _,everything,their,常考的错误形式有：连词but， and， or和so的用法错误，以及冠词的用法错误等。例如：,NMET2000： She was smiling but nodding at me NMET2001： It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. NMET2001： We may be one family and live under a same roof. ,and,or,the,八、冠词、连

28、词常光顾,小 结,做短文该错应采取三个步骤,1.通读短文，掌握大意,2.细读全文，逐一作答,3.复读全文，验证答案,短文改错应注意的问题,四不改: 标点符号不改。 大小写不改。 词序错误不改（不是不改，而是按错词或少词来改)。 在纲外生词不改。文中出现带汉语注释的词， 在句中不可能用错。,Dont forget!,（1）整体把握短文大意。 （2）逐句分析，把握结构。 （3）粗略分析词法、句法、逻辑上是否有 问题。 （4）逐行修改，先易后难。 （5）复读全文，验证答案。 （6）要注意答题是否合乎规范。,应试技巧点拨,请进入改错陷阱！,Challenge yourself !,In our eve

29、ryday life, if we make some mistakes, we should correct them, then we are still good fellows. Chairman Maos words,We had guests last night who have not stayed 76 in a B&B hotel ago. They did not want breakfast 77 because that they were going out early in the 78 morning. They came back lately and had

30、 some 79 tea. I came into the living room and saw one of 80 them just go through the kitchen door but turn 81 on the light. He was looking for a glass the 82 cupboard. He had no ideas that the kitchen was 83 not for guests. I just smiled to me and thought,84 “What can I do? We are guests after all.”

31、 85,2006高考全国卷,We had guests last night who have not stayed 76_ in a B&B hotel ago. They did not want breakfast 77_ because that they were going out early in the 78_ morning. They came back lately and had some 79_ tea. I came into the living room and saw one of 80_,had,before,late,that,them just go through the kitchen doo