综合英语教程第五册课后答案课件Unit-06 How America Lives.ppt

1、Unit 6How America Lives,Cover page,Contents page,Contents,Learning Objectives Pre-reading Activities Global Reading Detailed Reading Consolidation Activities Further Enhancement,Learning objectives,Learning Objectives,Expositive writing developed by facts Key language and also the existence of three

2、 serious problems in: school education, job opportunities and welfare, and housing for the young. Despite these problems, the writer feels confident that America has good prospects. He feels proud of his motherland, of the great American people, and of the unique American democratic system.,Text Int

3、roduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure,G-R: culture notes-1,Puritanism (Paragraph 3) the practices and doctrines of the Puritans who were members of a group of Protestants新教徒 in 16th- and 17th-century England and 17th-century America who believed in strict religious discipline and called for

4、 the simplification of acts of worship. The movement was an attempt to remove Roman Catholic influences from the Church of England.,Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure,G-R: culture notes-2,balanced system of government (Paragraph 8) The concept refers to the three branches of the

5、United States government the legislative, the executive, and the judicial that restrain and stabilize one another through their separated functions. The legislative branch, represented by the Congress, must pass bills before they can become law. The executive branch namely, the president can veto bi

6、lls passed by the Congress, thus preventing them from becoming law. In turn, by a two-thirds vote, the Congress can override the presidents veto. The Supreme Court may invalidate acts of the Congress by declaring them contrary to the Constitution of the United States, but the Congress can change the

7、 Constitution through the amendment process.,Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure,G-R: author-1,James Albert Michener (1907-1997), American writer, became known for the voluminous research he incorporates and makes accessible and interesting in his writings. His books typically pro

8、vide a detailed discussion of the history and geography of specific regions. His wide ranging writing career began when his experiences during World War II provided the material for a book of short stories, Tales of the South Pacific (1947); for which he received the 1984 Pulitzer Prize in fiction.,

9、Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure,G-R: author-2,His other works include Sayonara (1954); Hawaii (1959); Chesapeake (1978); The Covenant (1980); Poland (1982); Texas (1985); and Alaska (1988); The Novel (1991); Recessional (1994); A Miracle in Seville (1995); The Bridge at Andau

10、(1957); Iberia: Spanish Travels and Reflections (1968); A Michener Miscellany: 1950-1970 (1973); Micheners memoir, The World Is My Home (1992).,Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure,G-R: structural analysis,Text Introduction | Culture Notes | Author | Structure,Part I,(1) reality: A

11、mericans still follow many of the old ways, similarities far greater than differences.,Part II,(2-4) major changes in American society, and the writers attitudes towards the changes,Part III,(5-7) main problems in American society and their reasons,Part IV,(8-9) why America has good prospects and wh

12、y the American system has survived and should survive,DR-p1-1 text,HOW AMERICA LIVES James Albert Michener 1. Americans still follow many of the old ways. In a time of rapid change it is essential that we remember how much of the old we cling to. Young people still get married (2.41million couples l

13、ast year as opposed to only 1.52 million in 1960). Of course, many do get divorced, but they remarry at astonishing rates. They have children, but fewer than before.,Detailed Reading,DR-p1-2 text,They belong to churches, even though they attend somewhat less frequently, and they want their children

14、to have religious instruction. They are willing to pay taxes for education, and they generously support institutions like hospitals, museums and libraries. In fact, when you compare the America of today with that of 1950, the similarities are far greater than the differences.,Detailed Reading,DR-p2

15、text,2. Americans seem to be growing conservative. The 1980 election, especially for the Senate and House of Representatives, signaled a decided turn to the right insofar as political and social attitudes were concerned. It is as if our country spent the 1960s and 1970s jealously breaking out of old

16、 restraints and now wishes to put the brakes on, as cautious people often do after a binge. We should expect to see a reaffirmation of traditional family values, sharp restraints on pornography, a return to religion and a rejection of certain kinds of social legislation.,Detailed Reading,DR-p3 text,

17、3.Patterns of courtship and marriage have changed radically. Where sex was concerned, I was raised in an atmosphere of suspicion, repression and Puritanism, and although husky young kids can survive almost anything, many in my generation suffered grievously. Without reservation, I applaud the freer

18、patterns of today, although I believe that its been difficult for some families to handle the changes.,Detailed Reading,DR-p4 text,4.American women are changing the rules. Thirty years ago I could not have imagined a group of women employees suing a major corporation for millions of dollars of salar

19、y which, they alleged, had been denied them because they had been discriminated against. Nor could I imagine women in universities going up to the men who ran the athletic programs and demanding a just share of the physical education budget. But they are doing this and with the support of many men w

20、ho recognize the justice of their claims. At work, at play, at all levels of living women are suggesting new rules.,Detailed Reading,DR-p5 text,5. America is worried about its schools. If I had a child today, I would send her or him to a private school for the sake of safety, for the discipline that

21、 would be enforced and for the rigorous academic requirements. But I would doubt that the child would get any better education than I did in my good public school. The problem is that good public schools are becoming pitifully rare, and I would not want to take the chance that the one I sent my chil

22、dren to was inadequate.,Detailed Reading,DR-p6 text,6.Some Americans must live on welfare. Since it seems obvious that our nation can produce all its needs with only a part of the available work force, some kind of social welfare assistance must be doled out to those who cannot find jobs. When I thi

23、nk of a typical welfare recipient I think of a young neighbor woman whose husband was killed in a tragic accident, leaving her with three young children. In the bad old days she might have known destitution, but with family assistance she was able to hold her children together and produced three fin

24、e, tax-paying citizens. I like that kind of social assistance and am willing to support it. America is essentially a compassionate society.,Detailed Reading,DR-p7-1 text,7.America cannot find housing for its young families. I consider this the most serious danger confronting family life in America,

25、and I am appalled that the condition has been allowed to develop. For more than a decade, travelers like me have been aware that in countries like Sweden, Denmark, Russia and India young people have found it almost impossible to acquire homes. In Sweden the customary wait was 11 years of marriage, a

26、nd we used to ask, what went wrong? It seemed to us that a major responsibility of any nation would be to provide homes for its young people starting their families.,Detailed Reading,DR-p7-2 text,Well, this dreadful social sickness has now overtaken the United States, and for the same reasons. The b

27、uilders in our society find it profitable to erect three-bathroom homes that sell for $220,000 with a mortgage at 19 percent but find it impossible to erect small homes for young marrieds. For a major nation to show itself impotent to house its young people is admitting a failure that must be correc

28、ted.,Detailed Reading,DR-p8 text,8. Our prospects are still good. I find our chances to be at least as good as those of any other nation and probably better. We have a physical setting of remarkable integrity, the worlds best agriculture, a splendid wealth of minerals, great rivers for irrigation an

29、d an unsurpassed system of roads for transportation. We also have a magnificent mixture of peoples from all the continents with varied traditions and strengths. But most of all, we have a unique and balanced system of government.,Detailed Reading,DR-p9 text,9.I think of America as having the oldest

30、form of government on earth, because since we started our present democracy in 1789, every other nation has suffered either parliamentary change or revolutionary change. It is our system that has survived and should survive, giving the maximum number of people a maximum chance for happiness.,Detaile

31、d Reading,DR:p1 Analysis,Paragraph 1 Analysis The first paragraph is the introductory part of the essay. It mentions and illustrates the main idea that Americans still follow many of the old ways though differences are obvious in American life. The last sentence tells us that a comparison of the Ame

32、rica of today with that of 1950 shows that there are more similarities than differences.,Detailed Reading,DR:p2-4 Analysis,Paragraphs 2-4 Analysis These three paragraphs, the second part of the essay, tell us about the major changes that have taken place and that are occurring in American life. From

33、 these paragraphs we get to know that Americans are growing conservative, that they have changed their patterns of courtship and marriage, enjoying much more freedom in these two aspects, and that American women are changing the old rules and suggesting new rules. After reading these three paragraph

34、s, we can also have a clear idea of the writers attitude towards these changes in American life. Obviously, he fully supports and welcomes them.,Detailed Reading,DR:p5-7 Analysis,Paragraph 5-7 Analysis These three paragraphs, the third part of the essay, point out the main problems in American socie

35、ty: American schools are not as good as before; Americans who cannot find jobs do not get sufficient welfare; America shows itself impotent to house its young people. From these paragraphs, we can also see the writers opinions of these problems.,Detailed Reading,DR:p8-9 Analysis,Paragraph 8-9 Analys

36、is These two paragraphs, the concluding part of the essay, draw our attention to the writers opinions of the nations prospects and its system. It is worth noting that the writer provides good reasons for his opinions. From the conclusion, we can also get to know that the writer feels proud of his mo

37、therland and thinks highly of the American people and particularly the American system.,Detailed Reading,DR-Questions-p1-1a,Detailed Reading,Paragraph 1: Questions 1. Which sentences in this part show the main similarities and differences between American life in the present and that in the past?,Th

38、e following sentences show the main similarities and differences. Young people still get married (2.41million couples last year as opposed to only 1.52 million in 1960). Of course, many do get divorced, but they remarry at astonishing rates. They have children, but fewer than before. They belong to

39、churches, even though they attend somewhat less frequently, and they want their children to have religious instruction. They,DR-Questions-p1-1b,are willing to pay taxes for education, and they generously support institutions like hospitals, museums and libraries.,Detailed Reading,DR-Questions-p1-2,D

40、etailed Reading,Paragraph 1: Questions 2. In what ways are Americans generous?,They are always ready to pay taxes for education, and they generously support institutions like hospitals, museums and libraries.,DR-Questions-p2-4-1a,Detailed Reading,Paragraph 2-4: Questions 1. According to this part, w

41、hat major changes have taken place or are taking place in American society? Give an account of them.,First of all, Americans are growing conservative in terms of their political and social attitudes. In the 1960s and 1970s, Americans broke out of old restraints. But the 1980 election, especially for

42、 the Senate and House of Representatives, signaled a decided turn to the right insofar as political and social attitudes were concerned. Since the beginning of the 1980s, Americans have become more conservative.,DR-Questions-p2-4-1b,Detailed Reading,Secondly, patterns of courtship and marriage have

43、changed radically. When the author was a child, there prevailed an atmosphere of suspicion, repression and Puritanism, and many people in his generation suffered grievously. Now people enjoy much more freedom in terms of courtship and marriage. Thirdly, American women, who are no longer discriminate

44、d against, are changing the old rules. For example, they are bold enough to sue a major corporation for millions of dollars of salary which has been denied them. And women in universities are,DR-Questions-p2-4-1c,Detailed Reading,courageous enough to go up to the men who run the athletic programs an

45、d demand a just share of the physical education budget. All this was unimaginable in the past. Nowadays, at work, at play, at all levels of life, women are suggesting new rules.,DR-Questions-p2-4-2a,Detailed Reading,Paragraph 2-4: Questions 2. Pick out the sentences that indicate the writers positiv

46、e attitude towards the changes.,1) We should expect to see a reaffirmation of traditional family values, sharp restraints on pornography, a return to religion and a rejection of certain kinds of social legislation. This sentence implies that the writer welcomes changes towards the traditional values

47、 and beliefs. 2) Without reservation, I applaud the freer patterns of today. This sentence tells us that the writer warmly welcomes the freer patterns of courtship and marriage in contemporary American life.,DR-Questions-p2-4-2b,Detailed Reading,3) “demanding a just share of the physical education b

48、udget. But they are doing this and with the support of many men who recognize the justice of their claims. From his use of a just share and the justice of their claims, we can infer that the writer fully supports American women who are changing the rules.,DR-Questions-p5,Detailed Reading,Paragraph 5

49、: Question What does the writer think of American schools?,James Albert Michener thinks that American schools are not as good as they once were. According to him, public schools are not very safe, they are not very strict with their pupils, and they do not set rigorous academic demands on them. In h

50、is opinion, good public schools are becoming pitifully rare, and private schools do not provide satisfactory education, either, though they are better than public schools.,DR-Questions-p6,Detailed Reading,Paragraph 6: Question Does the writer applaud social assistance to the poor and the jobless? Su

51、pport your answer by quoting the relevant sentences.,Yes, he does. Clearly, he strongly advocates that social assistance be further promoted in America, which can be seen from the following sentences: Some Americans must live on welfare. Since it seems obvious that our nation can produce all its nee

52、ds with only a part of the available work force, some kind of social welfare assistance must be doled out to those who cannot find jobs. I like that kind of social assistance and am willing to support it.,DR-Questions-p7-1,Detailed Reading,Paragraph 7: Questions 1. Why cannot America find accommodat

53、ion for its young married couples?,Because the builders find it profitable to erect three-bathroom homes that sell for $220,000 with a mortgage at 19 percent, but they find it impossible to erect small homes for young married couples. In other words, the builders in American society do not want to b

54、uild small homes for young married people because the building of small homes is less profitable.,DR-Questions-p7-2,Detailed Reading,Paragraph 7: Questions 2. What is the writers attitude towards the young peoples housing problem in America?,The writer considers the housing problem the young America

55、ns are faced with to be the most serious danger confronting family life in America, and he is appalled that the condition has been allowed to develop. In his opinion, for a great nation like America to show itself impotent to house its young people means that it admits a failure that must be correct

56、ed.,DR-Questions-p8,Detailed Reading,Paragraph 8: Question Why does the writer say that America has good prospects despite its problems?,He believes that America has chances that are at least as good as those of any other nation and probably better, and that Americans have a physical setting of rema

57、rkable integrity, the worlds best agriculture, a splendid wealth of minerals, great rivers for irrigation and an unsurpassed system of roads for transportation. America boasts a magnificent blend of peoples from all the continents with varied traditions and strengths, and that most of all, America h

58、as a unique and balanced system of government.,DR-Questions-p9,Detailed Reading,Paragraph 9: Question Why has the American system survived and why should it survive?,Because, according to the writer, the American system of government is a truly democratic system; it has not experienced either parlia

59、mentary change or revolutionary change; moreover, it offers the maximum number of people a maximum chance for happiness.,LPT-In a time of rapid change it is essential,Detailed Reading,“In a time of rapid change it is essential that we remember how much of the old we cling to.”,Paraphrase, In a time of quick transformation it is necessary for us to remember how many of the old ways we still adhere to.,LPT-cling to,Detailed Reading,cling (on) to sb. or sth. to h