实用英语3-U01-Text+A.ppt

1、Pre-Reading Task While-Reading Task After-Reading Task,Unit 1: Text A,Pre-Reading Task,Text-Related Information Pre-Reading Activity,Louisville, Ky Mead, Margaret (1901-78) Dartmouth College,Text-related Information,Louisville, Ky.:,The seat of Jefferson County, NW Kentucky USA, and the largest city

2、 in the state.,Louisville, Ky.,American anthropologist, best known for her studies of primitive societies and her contributions to social anthropology. Participating in several field expeditions, Mead conducted notable research in New Guinea, Samoa, and Bali. Her interests were varied, including chi

3、ld care, adolescence, sexual behavior, and American character and culture.,Mead, Margaret (1901-78):,Mead died in New York City on November 15, 1978. Her writings include Coming of Age in Samoa (1928), Growing Up in New Guinea (1930), Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies (1935), Male and

4、 Female (1949), New Lives for Old (1956), Culture and Commitment: A Study of the Generation Gap (1970), and her memoirs, Blackberry Winter (1972).,Dartmouth College:,An institution of higher learning in Hanover, New Hampshire. The schools of Dartmouth College include the undergraduate college, the D

5、artmouth Medical School (1797), the Thayer School of Engineering (1867), and the Amos Tuck School of Business Administration (1900).,Dartmouth College,Baker Memorial Library maintains the extensive archives of material of American explorer and anthropologist Vilhjalmur Stefansson relating to the Arc

6、tic, as well as a special collection on American poet Robert Frost and murals by the Mexican painter Jose Clemente Orozco.,Pre-reading Activity,Exercise 1 The passage you are going to read is entitled “A Payment Greater Than Money”. Try to answer the questions before reading the passage.,Now read th

7、e passage and compare the writers view with yours.,1. Which of the following do you think is more important? Make your choice and give your reason. A. Money B. Love C. Friendship D. Work 2. Guess what kind of payment might be greater than money according to the title of the passage.,Unit 1: Text A,T

8、ext A Detailed Study of the Text,Text A A Payment Greater Than Money 1 When I was 14, I earned money in the summer by mowing lawns, and I got to know people by the flowers I had to remember not to cut down, by the things stuck in the ground on purpose or by the things lost in the grass. I also learn

9、ed something about my neighbors in Louisville, Ky., by their preferred method of payment: by the job, the month or not at all.,While-Reading Task,2 Mr. Ballou fell into the last category, and he always had a reason. One day he had nothing smaller than a fifty. On another he was flat-out of checks; o

10、n another he was simply not home when I knocked on his door. Still, except for the money, he was a nice enough old guy, always waving or tipping his hat when hed seen me from a distance. I figured him for a thin retirement check, maybe an injury that kept him from doing his own yardwork. I kept a ru

11、nning total, but didnt worry about the amount too much. Grass was grass, and the little that was Mr. Ballous didnt take long to trim.,While-Reading Task,While-Reading Task,3 Then one late afternoon in mid-July I was walking by his house, and he motioned me to come inside. The hall was cool, shaded,

12、and it took my eyes a minute to adjust to the muted light. 4 “I owe you,” Mr. Ballou began, “but .” 5 I thought Id save him the trouble of thinking up a new excuse. “No problem. Dont worry about it.” 6 “The bank made a mistake in my account,” he continued, ignoring my words. “It will be cleared up i

13、n a day or two. In the meantime I thought perhaps you could choose one or two volumes for a down payment.”,7 He gestured toward the walls, and I saw books stacked everywhere. It was like a library, except with no order to the arrangement. 8 “Take your time,” Mr. Ballou encouraged. “Read, borrow, kee

14、p. Find something you like. What do you read?” 9 “I dont know.” And I didnt. I generally read what I could get from the paperback rack at the drugstore or what I found at home magazines, the backs of cereal boxes, comics. The idea of consciously seeking out a special title was new to me, but not wit

15、hout appeal so I browsed through the piles of books and asked, “ You actually read all of these?”,While-Reading Task,While-Reading Task,10 Mr. Ballou nodded. “This is just what Ive kept, the ones worth looking at a second time.” 11 “Pick for me then.” 12 He raised his eyebrows, cocked his head, rega

16、rded me appraisingly as though measuring me for a suit. After a moment, he searched through a stack and handed me a dark-red book, fairly thick. 13 “The Last of the Just,” I read. “By Andre Schwarz-Bart. Whats it about?” 14 “You tell me,” he said. “Next week.”,15 I started after supper, sitting outd

17、oors on an uncomfortable kitchen chair. Within a few pages, the yard, the summer, disappeared, and I was plunged into the aching tragedy of the Holocaust, the extraordinary clash of good, represented by one decent man, and evil. The language was elegant, simple, overwhelming. When the evening light

18、finally failed, I moved inside and read all through the night. 16 To this day, 35 years later, I vividly remember the experience. I was astonished by the great power a novel could contain. I lacked the vocabulary to translate my feelings into words, so the next week, when Mr. Ballou asked, “Well?” I

19、 replied, “It was good.”,While-Reading Task,17 “Keep it then,” he said. “Shall I suggest another?” 18 I nodded, and was presented with Margaret Meads classic study in anthropology, Coming of Age in Samoa. 19 To make two long stories short, Mr. Ballou never paid me a dime for cutting his grass that y

20、ear or the next, but, eventually, I would teach anthropology at Dartmouth College. And I learned that summer that reading was not the innocent pastime I had assumed it to be, not a breezy, instantly forgettable escape in a hammock (though Ive enjoyed many of those too). I discovered that a book, if

21、it arrives at the right moment, in the proper season, will change the course of all that follows.,While-Reading Task, The writer tells us how he got to know people, that is, by remembering the flowers that should not be cut down, and by remembering something special he deliberately stuck in the grou

22、nd or by remembering something he left in the grass.,. and I got to know people by the flowers I had to remember not to cut down, by the things stuck in the ground on purpose or by the things lost in the grass.,e.g. The new owner cut down the apple trees and built a bigger garage. Every time I wante

23、d a piece of wood, I had to cut down a tree. cf. He cut down his enemy. I dont drink so much alcohol these days in fact Ive really cut down.,cut down: to bring down by cutting,e.g. You sometimes hurt yourself by accident but you dont hurt yourself on purpose. He came here on purpose to borrow some m

24、oney from you.,on purpose: by intention, not by chance, .by the way they preferred to pay me: some paid money to me according to what I had done, some paid money to me monthly, and some didnt pay any money to me at all.,. by their preferred method of payment: by the job, the month or not at all., Mr

25、. Ballou belonged to the last kind of persons, that is, he didnt pay any money to me at all, but he always had an excuse for that.,Mr. Ballou fell into the last category, and he always had a reason.,e.g. The problems we face fall into two categories. His work as a novelist falls into three distinct

26、periods.,fall into: to belong to a particular group of things that have similar qualities, On another day there was no money in his check at all ,On another he was flat-out of checks ., If I didnt consider the money, he was a very nice old person. / Apart from the money, he was still a very nice per

27、son. He always raised his hat as a greeting to me when hes seen me far away.,Still, except for the money, he was a nice enough old guy, always waving or tipping his hat when hed seen me from a distance.,e.g. Except for her lack of experience, she would be the ideal person for the job. There is nothi

28、ng to indicate the buildings past, except (for) the fireplace. cf. It was like a library, except with no order to the arrangement.,except for: not including; apart from the fact that,e.g. The watchman came out from his hut, tipped his hat, and opened the gate. After a while, he turned to us, and tip

29、ped his hat.,tip ones hat / cap (to somebody): to touch or raise ones hat as a greeting to someone, I guessed / thought that he had only a small retirement pension, and possibly he was injured and was unable to do his yardwork. A retirement check refers to a monthly payment made to someone who is re

30、tired from work. cf. old-age pension, retirement benefit, retirement fund, retirement pension: a regular payment to a person that is intended to allow them to subsist without working,I figured him for a thin retirement check, maybe an injury that kept him from doing his own yardwork.,e.g. The cyclis

31、t suffered severe injuries. He had a serious injury to the leg.,injury: an act that damages or hurts,e.g. Keep a running total of your expenses as you go along. And you told me youve kept a running total in your head all the year.,a running total total to which numbers (here means the payment) keep

32、being added as something progresses, I only cut grass for him and anyway it didnt take much time to cut grass in Mr. Ballous yard.,Grass was grass, and the little that was Mr. Ballous didnt take long to trim.,trim: v. to make neat, even or tidy by cutting,e.g. to have ones hair trimmed to trim ones

33、nails to trim dead branches off a tree, and he made a signal to me to ask me to come into his house., and he motioned me to come inside.,e.g. I saw him motion to the man at the door, who quietly left. Her attendants all gathered round her, but she motioned them away.,motion: v. to make a signal to s

34、omeone, usually with ones hand or head, . to get used to the soft light.,. to adjust to the muted light.,e.g. Her eyes slowly adjusted to the gloom. She found it hard to adjust to working at night.,adjust to: to get used to new conditions or a new situation, I thought Id help him avoid the trouble o

35、f making a new excuse.,I thought Id save him the trouble of thinking up a new excuse.,e.g. Buying a machine with a grass box saves you the bother of raking up the grass. Ill get a taxi from the station to save you the trouble of coming to collect me.,save somebody the trouble / bother (of doing some

36、thing): to make it possible to avoid doing something,e.g. The prisoners tried to think up a plan for escape. The teacher thought up a funny game for the children to play.,think up: to invent by thinking, The bank will correct the mistake in my account in a day or two. / The mistake will be corrected

37、 in a few days.,It will be cleared up in a day or two.,e.g. I hope that clears up the situation for you, but please ask if there is anything else youd like to know. Before we sign the contract there are a few points that we should clear up. cf. Well have to clear up before my parents come home. (to

38、make a place tidy and clean) After several days the infection started to clear up. (to go away) I hope the whether clears up before we have to leave. (to become better),clear up: to give or find an explanation for, or deal with a problem or disagreement,e.g. Whats the down payment of that house? It

39、is eighty thousand yuan. You have to pay off the rest in ten years.,a down payment a part of the full price paid at the time of buying or delivery with the rest to be paid later, In an encouraging manner, Mr. Ballou asked me not to hurry.,“Take your time,” Mr. Ballou encouraged.,e.g. He liked to tak

40、e his time over breakfast. It is better to take your time at this job than to hurry and make mistakes.,take ones time: to avoid haste; act in an unhurried way,e.g. He washed the dishes and put them in a plate rack to dry. Will you please put this suitcase on the luggage rack for me?,rack: n. a frame

41、 with bars, hooks, etc. for holding things, I had never tried to find a special title on purpose, and this time I was attracted by the idea of finding something I liked to read and so I looked through the piles of books and asked ,The idea of consciously seeking out a special title was new to me, bu

42、t not without appeal so I browsed through the piles of books and asked .,e.g. to seek out ones friend to seek shelter from the rain,seek (out): to try to find or get (something),e.g. I was browsing through fashion magazines to find a new hairstyle. We browsed through a few travel books to get some i

43、deas of where to go.,browse through: to look through something (such as a book or magazine) without reading everything, . raised his head, looked at me. / examined me appraisingly as if he was measuring me for a suit.,. cocked his head, regarded me appraisingly as though measuring me for a suit.,e.g

44、. He cocked his head on one side with a slight frown. to cock an ear / eyebrow,cock: v. to move a part of your body upwards or in a particular direction, Having read a few pages, I was so interested in reading the book that I forgot the yard and I was lost in the sad story of the Holocaust, which wa

45、s about a conflict between the good and bad.,Within a few pages, the yard, the summer, disappeared, and I was plunged into the aching tragedy of the Holocaust, the extraordinary clash of good, represented by one decent man, and evil.,e.g. The room was plunged into darkness. He was plunged into a dif

46、ficulty.,plunge into: to cause (somebody or something) to feel or be in a state of something,e.g. Our company is represented in Beijing by Mr. Wang. He represented his fellow workers at the Union meeting.,represent: v. to act for (another person or people), Today, the memory of what happened 35 year

47、s ago is still very clear and detailed.,To this day, 35 years later, I vividly remember the experience.,e.g. It still appears vividly in my memory. I vividly remember that day we first met. cf. vivid: a. producing very clear pictures in your mind. e.g. He gave a vivid account of his life as a fighte

48、r pilot.,vividly: ad. in a way that produces very clear pictures in your mind, I couldnt express my feelings in words .,I lacked the vocabulary to translate my feeling into words ., Briefly / In brief . By using this expression, the author was going to indicate that he was going to state the final r

49、esult of the two events and not to give any more details.,To make two long stories short .,e.g. To make a long story short, I ended up buying all 12 programs offered out there on the market at the time. To cut a long story short, I got the job.,make / cut a long story short: used when you only give

50、the main point of something you are talking about, and not all the other details, And I learned that summer that reading was neither something harmless we did in our spare time as I had thought it to be nor a period of time when you read merely for pleasure .,And I learned that summer that reading w

51、as not the innocent pastime I had assumed it to be, not a breezy, instantly forgettable escape in a hammock ., This is what the author discovered from the summer incident and also explains the meaning of the title of the passage, that is, reading a certain book at the right time can influence your c

52、hoices decision, and views of the world.,I discovered that a book, if it arrives at the right moment, in the proper season, will change the course of all that follows.,After-Reading Task,Outline Reading Comprehension Vocabulary and Structure,Outline,After-Reading Task,I earned money in the summer by

53、 mowing lawns when I was 14.,Mr. Ballou never paid me when I did the mowing for him.,He let me choose some of his books to read for a down payment: a. his excuse for not paying me; b. choosing a book for me; c. my being attracted by the book.,Reading books have changed the course of my life: a. alwa

54、ys remembering the experience; b. lessons I have learned from reading: a good book arrives at the right time will change ones life.,Exercise 2 Answer the questions.,Reading Comprehension,How did the author get to know people while he was doing the job of mowing lawns? 2. What kind of person was Mr.

55、Ballou? Was he a nice old man? What kind of life did he live?,He got to know people by the flowers he had to remember not to cut down, by the things stuck in the ground on purpose or by the things lost in the grass. He also learned something about his neighbors by their preferred method of payment:

56、by the job, the month or not at all.,Mr. Ballou was a nice old man, but he lived a poor life.,Exercise 2 Answer the questions.,Reading Comprehension,3. Why was Mr. Ballou unable to pay the money to the author? Do you believe his excuse? Why or why not? 4. What did the author use to read?,Because the

57、 bank made a mistake in his account. And his excuse, though seemingly poor and vague, is true to believe. This is because the old man, as we can read from the passage, was really a nice guy and full of love and knowledge, though he might have some difficulty in making a prompt payment to the boy.,He

58、 used to read what he could get from the paperback rack at the drugstore or what he found at home magazines, the backs of cereal boxes, comics.,Exercise 2 Answer the questions.,Reading Comprehension,5. How many books did Mr. Ballou recommend to the author? Were they the same as what the author used to read? 6. Did the author enjoy the reading? How? Describe it.,Mr. Ballou recommended two books to the author, which were quite different from what the author used to r