新核心大学英语读写教程2-unit6

1、unit 6 skyscrapers,learning objectives,in this unit, you will: 1. learn about the basic aspects of a skyscraper and world- famous super-tall buildings; 2. familiarize yourself with the words, expressions, and sentence patterns related to the theme of the unit; 3. use these words, expressions, and se

2、ntence patterns correctly; 4. research skyscrapers; 5. give an oral presentation to the class about skyscrapers; 6. vary sentence openings in your writing.,part i approaching the topic,part ii understanding the text,part iii exploring the topic,part iv integrated exercises,part v writing strategy,pa

3、rt i approaching the topic,task 1 brainstorming,task 2 surfing and reporting,task 3 watching and retelling,task 4 vocabulary preview,1. name as many world-famous tall buildings as possible. 2. make a list of no less than 10 words to describe those skyscrapers.,task 1 brainstorming,unit 6 part i task

4、 1,1. work in groups and find information on the internet about the following terms.,task 2 surfing and reporting,unit 6 part i task 2,answers for reference:,unit 6 part i task 2,2. fill in the spaces below according to your internet research. present this information to the class, optionally using

5、powerpoint.,unit 6 part i task 2,1931,new york, usa,381m (443.5m with antenna),movie king kong,1973-2001,new york,411.5m,freedom tower will be built on the site,unit 6 part i task 2,1998,kuala lumpur, malaysia,452m,the tallest twin buildings in the world,1930,new york,305m,1973,chicago, illinois, us

6、a,442 / 1,450 ft,current name: willis tower,unit 6 part i task 2,2004,taibei, taiwan,101floors, 508m,performed by skidmore, owings, and merrill,2010,dubai, united arab emirates,828m (2,717 ft),task 3 watching and retelling,1. watch the video clip “building the ultimate skyscraper”. fill in the blank

7、s with the information you have heard. use the glossary below as a reference.,unit 6 part i task 3,unit 6 part i task 3,unit 6 part i task 3,the skyscraper is a great engineering achievement. “they have to do with gravity; they have to do with wind.” the shining towers of steel concrete and glass at

8、test to their limit. “they have to do with earthquakes; and they have to do with fire.” can we build the 1) skyscraper? skyscrapers 2) the sky. man can build ever higher and higher, testing his ingenuity against the 3) . this is the swiss ray building in london. its nearly 600 feet high and known as

9、 the gherkin because of its 4) . its aerodynamic design is 5) of skyscraper thinking. the modern skyscraper was born in chicago. “in order to,ultimate,_,reach for,_,forces of nature,_,the cutting edge,_,curious shape,_,unit 6 part i task 3,understand the development of the skyscraper, we really need

10、 to go to chicago, where in the 1880s somewhat 6) occurred in the history of skyscraper.” 7) . “chicago was destroyed by fire in 1871, leveled. in fact, 8) . and for a city there was an exploding population and very wealthy with a burgeoning commerce, it was important for the city to rebuild as quic

11、kly as it could.” so they decided to build tall. 9) of reconstruction was the home insurance building. it rose 10 storeys high, dizzily tall for the time. 10) . but some think the evolution of skyscrapers structure has its beginnings long before.,the jewel of the crown,_,the most significant develop

12、ments,_ _,the central part of the city was gone,_ _,the evolution came out of disaster,_,the era of skyscrapers had begun,_ _,unit 6 part i task 3,【script】,2. watch the video again and then discuss the main idea with the group.,script,unit 6 part i task 3,task 4 vocabulary preview,read the words and

13、 phrases below, paying attention to the pronunciation. use the scale below to give yourself a score for each word. after finishing the study of the unit, score yourself again to check your improvement.,unit 6 part i task 4,unit 6 part i task 4,glossary for main reading,unit 6 part i task 4,unit 6 pa

14、rt i task 4,unit 6 part i task 4,glossary for related reading,unit 6 part i task 4,unit 6 part i task 4,unit 6 part i task 4,part ii understanding the text,main reading,related reading,part ii understanding the text,main reading,text-related information,text analysis,language points,translation of t

15、he texts,tasks,unit 6 part ii main reading,1. the world trade center,text-related information,unit 6 part ii main reading,2. chrysler building,text analysis,unit 6 part ii main reading,unit 6 part ii main reading,language points,unit 6 part ii main reading,1. humble (l2) v. to make people feel that

16、they are not as good or important as they thought they were,e.g.,he was humbled by her generosity.,a. showing you do not think that you are as important as other people,e.g.,be humble enough to learn from your mistakes., having a low rank or social position,e.g.,a man of humble origins,unit 6 part i

17、i main reading,2. wage an ongoing battle with (l11) wage v. to engage in (a war, a battle, etc. ) wage something (against/on somebody/something),e.g.,the rebels have waged a guerrilla war since 1995. he alleged that a press campaign was being waged against him.,unit 6 part ii main reading,3. thus, t

18、he footprint of a super skyscraper could easily consume multiple city blocks. (l19),paraphrase:,figurative the base of a super skyscraper could take up several city blocks.,【译文】,这样，仅是一栋超级大楼的地基就要占据好几个街区。,unit 6 part ii main reading,4. gusts of wind can be particularly dangerous when they come spaced

19、in intervals that approach a buildings natural period: the amount of time the structure takes to complete one oscillation when it is swaying back and forth. (l28),【译文】,如果阵风以接近建筑物自然周期（即建筑物前后摇摆时完成一次震荡周期）的时间间隔经过，那将是尤其危险的。,1) space v. to organize or arrange with spaces between space out 隔开；昏沉，迷乱 space o

20、ut the lampposts 30 meters apart,e.g.,i was supposed to meet her, but i spaced out and forgot.,2) interval n. a space between two objects, points, or units,e.g.,an interval of ten feet it snowed at intervals this week. he visits me at regular intervals.,unit 6 part ii main reading,5. thanks to wind-

21、tunnel tests and computer simulations, architects and engineers can fine-tune a buildings shape, surface and structural characteristics to achieve optimum designs for withstanding high winds. (l33),paraphrase:,modern technologies like wind-tunnel tests and computer simulations help architects and en

22、gineers make small adjustments in a buildings shape, surface and structural characteristics so that they can work out the best design to withstand strong winds.,【译文】,多亏了风洞试验和电脑模拟，建筑师和工程师们才能对建筑物的外形、表面和结构特点进行微调以便取得对抗强风的最佳设计。,unit 6 part ii main reading,1) thanks to because of,e.g.,thanks to your timel

23、y help, we accomplished the task on time.,2) fine-tune to make small adjustments for optimal performance or effectiveness,unit 6 part ii main reading,6. on windy days, the so-called mass damper, located on a floor near the top of the high-rise, moves in opposition to the structures swaying, sliding

24、on oil to help dampen oscillations by as much as 50 percent. (l40),paraphrase:,mass damper is placed on the top floor of the tall building; when there is wind and the building begins to sway, it will move in the opposite direction and reduce oscillations by 50%.,【译文】,起风的时候，靠近大楼顶层安装的所谓大型减震器就会以与建筑物摇摆相

25、反的方向移动，它们在润滑油上的滑动可以将大楼的摆动减少50%。,unit 6 part ii main reading,1) damper n. a device that eliminates or progressively diminishes vibrations or oscillations dampen v. to reduce, to restrain,e.g.,the bad news dampened our spirits.,2) in opposition to somebody/something disagreeing strongly with somebody/

26、something 强烈反对（或抵制）,e.g.,protest marches were held in opposition to the proposal law., contrasting two people or things that are very different 对比，对照,e.g.,leisure is often defined in opposition to work.,unit 6 part ii main reading,7. thousands of these viscoelastic dampers have been inserted between

27、 columns and beams; when the building sways, friction between the plates dampens the motion. (l42),【译文】,数以千计这样的粘弹性减震器被置于立柱和横梁之间，当建筑物摇摆时，金属板之间的摩擦会让摆动幅度减小。,unit 6 part ii main reading,8. in counter directions to (l47) in opposite directions to counter a. contrary; opposing adv. acted counter to ones p

28、romise,run/go counter to ones inclination, v. to move or act in opposition to; oppose,e.g.,he countered my proposal with one of his own.,paraphrase:,unit 6 part ii main reading,9. indeed, the century-old history of skyscrapers is replete with advancements in ancillary technologies, such as fluoresce

29、nt lights, which enabled the relatively cool illumination of interior offices. (l63),paraphrase:,various modern assisting technologies are put into use to get the century-old history skyscrapers more convenient, such as fluorescent lights that make possible cool illumination in the offices.,【译文】,实际上

30、，有着一百多年历史的摩天大楼里到处都是各种现代化辅助科技，比如使办公室里能有冷光照明的荧光灯。,1) be replete with be filled with a mind replete with knowledge a stream replete with trout,2) ancillary a. supporting, assisting,translation of the texts,for main reading,unit 6 part ii main reading,task 1 guessing meaning from context,guess the meani

31、ng of the following words and phrases from context. the letter in the parentheses refers to the paragraph in which the word can be found. choose which meaning best fits the word.,task,unit 6 part ii main reading,a,d,_,_,c,_,b,_,e,_,unit 6 part ii main reading,c,b,d,_,_,_,a,_,e,_,unit 6 part ii main

32、reading,a,e,c,d,_,_,_,_,b,_,unit 6 part ii main reading,b,c,_,_,a,_,1. answer the following questions. 1) to push skyscrapers higher, which areas will need the greatest innovation? 2) which forces of nature most influence the design of a high-rise?,task 2 understanding main ideas and important detai

33、ls in the text,task,some of the innovations include space frames, aerodynamic tuning, intelligent elevators and computerized damping systems.,gravity, natural disasters like hurricanes and earthquakes, wind.,unit 6 part ii main reading,_ _ _,_ _,3) what is the most important factor in the design of

34、supertall structures? 4) how does the mass damper work to lessen the buildings oscillations? 5) which factors limit the maximum acceleration of elevators?,the human ears slowness to adapt to changing pressure, and passenger comfort.,_ _,wind.,it is placed on a floor near the top of the high-rise, wh

35、en the building sways, it moves in the opposite direction to dampen oscillations.,unit 6 part ii main reading,_,_ _ _,2. review the text to find information about skyscrapers. list the points in the table below.,unit 6 part ii main reading,natural forces (hurricanes and earthquakes; wind),mixed occu

36、pancy,enough width of the buildings base; damping system, concrete and steel,more complicated design,elevators (for mans ear and comfort),appropriate speed, double-decker cars, cableless operation, fuzzy logic and neural network,part ii understanding the text,related reading,language points,tasks,tr

37、anslation of the texts,language points,unit 6 part ii related reading,1. accommodate (l4) v. to provide somebody with a room or place to sleep, live or sit,the hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.,e.g., (formal)to consider something, such as somebodys opinion or a fact,our proposal tries to accom

38、modate the special needs of minority groups.,e.g., accommodate to/ accommodate yourself to get used to/get yourself used to accommodate to the new schedule,unit 6 part ii related reading,2. the world is in the midst of a huge wave of tall building construction, both in number and in size. (l6),tall

39、building construction is heated now, with larger number and larger size.,paraphrase:,【译文】,世界正处于高楼建设的大潮中，数量更多，体积更大。,in the midst of among, in the middle of,unit 6 part ii related reading,3. threshold (l8),on the threshold of a new life he has a low boredom threshold.,e.g.,unit 6 part ii related readi

40、ng,4. among the most anticipated is the $1 billion burj dubai, a massive tower being developed by emaar properties in the united arab emirates. (l11),【译文】,耗资10亿的迪拜塔是最令人期待的建筑之一，是由阿联酋伊玛尔房产公司开发的一 栋巨型大厦。,unit 6 part ii related reading,5. to put it in perspective (l18),the sudden growth of our economy sh

41、ould be put in/into perspective.,e.g.,in the right perspective 正确地、客观地、全面地(观察事物) in the wrong perspective 片面地、错误地(观察事物) from the perspective of 从视点出发,unit 6 part ii related reading,6. peer (l25) n. a person who has equal standing with another or others, as in rank, class, or age,children are easily

42、influenced by their peers.,e.g.,unit 6 part ii related reading,7. in contrast, she says that large developments in new york and other western cities these days are likely to encounter public opposition. (l37),on the contrary, she says that people do not that welcome tall building construction now in

43、 new york and other western cities.,paraphrase:,【译文】,她说，与此相反，如今在纽约和其它西方城市，这样的大型建筑往往会遭到人们的抵制。,unit 6 part ii related reading,8. and tighter credit in the united states has developers increasingly looking at emerging markets. (l40),they all went away, having me staying and watching the door.,e.g.,1) h

44、ave somebody doing 让某人一直做某事,3) have something done 让某事被别人做,2) have somebody do something 让某人做某事,dont you have him come with you tomorrow?,i have may hair cut every month.,e.g.,e.g.,unit 6 part ii related reading,9. serve as (l51) to act in a particular capacity serve as a clerk to be of service or u

45、se; function,let this incident serve as a reminder to future generations.,e.g.,unit 6 part ii related reading,10. project (l57) v. to calculate, estimate, or predict (something in the future), based on present data or trends to project next years expenses and income.,unit 6 part ii related reading,1

46、1. icons like the empire state building in new york and the sears tower in chicago, which have long been enshrined among the tallest buildings in the world, are bumped from the list. (l64),【译文】,一直被奉为世界高建筑之最的纽约帝国大厦和芝加哥西尔斯塔已经不在该名单之列了。,enshrine v. to enclose in or as if in a shrine be enshrined in 庄严载入

47、,these rights are enshrined in the countrys constitution.,e.g.,unit 6 part ii related reading,12. . zero-carbon mini cars that can nest like airport luggage carts when not in use (l75),【译文】,闲置时可以像机场行李车一样叠放的零碳迷你车,nest v. to put snugly together or inside one another to nest boxes,translation of the te

48、xts,for related reading,unit 6 part ii related reading,check your understanding of vocabulary from the reading. read the definitions below and write down the words or expressions that best fit the definitions. the letters in parentheses indicate the paragraphs in which the words can be found.,task 1

49、 guessing meaning from context,task,example: demanding immediate attention; urgent (a) = pressing,1. very large, shocking or surprising (a) = 2. to provide someone with a room or place to sleep, live, or sit (a) =,staggering,unit 6 part ii related reading,_,accommodate,_,3. to do more or better than

50、 in performance or action (e) = 4. to disclose; reveal (e) = 5. daring; bold, fearless (f) = 6. a person who has equal standing with others, as in status, position, or age (f) = 7) to bring to an end; close (f) = 8) newly formed or just coming into prominence (i)= 9) to include something so that it

51、forms a part of something (k)= 10) an image; a representation (n)=,unit 6 part ii related reading,conclude,peer,emerging,unveil,_,audacious,_,_,_,_,outdo,_,incorporate,_,icon,_,task 2 understanding the ideas, details, and structure of the text,task,read the text carefully, then fill in the blanks wi

52、th the main ideas for each part.,unit 6 part ii related reading,accommodate the growing urban masses,_,unit 6 part ii related reading,burj dubai by the united arab emirates,a mile -high tower plan by saudi arabia,_ _ _,_ _ _,unit 6 part ii related reading,north america and europe,_ _,asia and the mi

53、ddle east,5)_ _ .,unit 6 part ii related reading,tend to be office towers,_ _,residential,_,mixed-use,_,unit 6 part ii related reading,unit 6 part ii related reading,the chicago spire,_ _,the freedom tower,_.,vertical urban farms,_ _,zero- carbon mini cars,_ _,part iii exploring the topic,task 1,tas

54、k 2,task 3,task 1 searching and researching,1) search for necessary information in unit 6 of extensive reading course and/or on the internet. 2) evaluate the information and organize it into a report. 3) report the findings in a presentation to the class. 4) explain which resources you have used and

55、 compare them (how useful they were, how much information they provided, and whether they will be useful for future research).,work in groups and choose one of the following topics to conduct your research based on the following procedure.,unit 6 part iii task 1,the research topics are: films that f

56、eature well-known skyscrapers famous high-rises in china well-known tall buildings that are not mentioned in this unit the impact of skyscrapers measures to improve skyscraper safety the causes of the collapse of world trade center the history of the skyscraper the five tallest skyscrapers in the world different ways to escape from a skyscraper in case of disaster,unit 6 part iii task 1,is it actually an improvement that people live in skyscrapers, which only keep growing taller? is a small apartment in an urban superta