主谓一致 (2).ppt

1、,UNIT 3,BACK TO THE PAST,主谓一致,主谓一致是指： 1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2） 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。,1. 当主语属于以下情况时，谓语动词要用单数形式： 主语是单数名词或不可数名词时 The food they served _ delicious. 主语是表示金钱，时间，价格, 度量的词组、标题或名字时 Little Woman_ a great novel. Sixty minutes _ is an hour. 词组或从句充当主语时 T

2、hat he is absent_ all his family. Skating in winter _ great fun. 特殊1：more than one + 单数名词（不止一个）”，“many a(许多)”虽然表示复数含义，但谓语动词与单数名词保持一致，习惯上用单数 More than one person_ involved in this case.,Subject-verb agreement 主谓一致,is,is,is,is,worries,is,is,2. 当主语属于以下情况时，谓语动词要用复数形式： 主语是复数名词时 Both the girls _ intereste

3、d in music. Large quantities of water _ polluted. 特殊2： 主语为a large quantity（amount) of +名词，quantities (amounts) of+名词时，谓语动词根据主语中心词quantity或amount 的数决定。 主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的词或词组时 Louise and Linda _ twin sisters. The scientist and inventor _ in our town now. 特殊3：the scientist and inventor 是指同一个人，同一个概念,因此

4、要用单数形式谓语。,are,are,are,is,3. 当主语是all of / most of / some of / half of / a part of + 名词/代词时，谓语动词的单、复数形式与该名词保持一致。 All of us_ attended the lecture about Pompeii. Most of lecture _ about how the ancient city was discovered.,have,was,4. 当主语是band, crowd, class, dozen, family, public 和team 等集合名词时，如果表达整体概念，谓

5、语动词用单数，如果强调集合里的个体，谓语动词用复数。 Our team _ very important to me. Our team _ now making their way to Xinjiang. The cattle_ eating grass near the river. 特殊4： 集合名词 people, police, cattle 作主语时，谓语动词无论什么时候都应当使用复数形式。,is,are,are,5.有些名词以复数形式出现，但并不一定表示复数概念，如：news, mathematics, physics, means，作主语时谓语动词的数要根据句意来确定。 Th

6、e last news _ that the Loulan Beauty is on exhibition in Shanghai. Every means _ been tried.,is,has,6. 当用either or、neither nor、not only but also 和not but连接句子主语时，采取 “就近原则”。（there be 句型也是就近原则） Either the team leader or the guides _looking after the students. Not only the guides but also the team leade

7、r _ looking after the students. There _ two pencils and a knife in my pencil box.,are,is,are,特殊用法的总结,特殊1：more than one + 单数名词 many a +单数名词 特殊2： a large quantity（amount) of +名词 quantities (amounts) of+名词 特殊3：and 连接的两个主语指同一人/事物/概念 特殊4：集合名词police, people, cattle,singular,Singular,Plural,Singular,Plural

8、,Singular or Plural?,特殊5： “the +形容词/过去分词” 表示一类人， 谓语动词用复数。 The weak, like the strong, _ many friends in the world. The injured _ been sent to the nearest hospital. 特殊6：当多个主语被as well as, along with, together with, except, other than, rather than, in addition to, like， but等连接时，采用“就远原则”。 You, rather tha

9、n him, _ to blame.,have,have,are,The teacher， together with some students visiting the factory. He as well as I to go boating.,is,wants,特殊八：,A number of +名词复数+复数动词。 The number of +名词复数+单数动词。 (1) A number of books lent out. (2) The number of the articles amazing.,are,is,主谓一致中的靠近原则,1) 当there be 句型的主语是

10、一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。 (1) There a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. (2) There twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.,are,is,2）当either or 与neither nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。 (1) Either you or she to go. (2) Here a pen

11、, a few envelopes and some paper for you.,is,is,Fill in the blanks with the right form of the give verbs. _ (have) your classmates finished their homework? (2) My friend and I _ (want) to play outside after watching TV. (3) Most of the students _ (prefer) English to Mathematics. (4) _ (have) all of

12、the cake been eaten up? (5) Collecting stamps _ (be) one of his favorite pastimes.,Have,want,prefer,Have / has,is,Exercise,(6) _ (be) your family a big one? (7) All my family _ (get) up early in the morning. (8) Neither his father nor his mother _ (play) the piano. (9) The remains of the old castle

13、_ (be) destroyed in World War Two. (10) Not only Jim but also his Parents _ (be) going to see you next Sunday.,are,were,plays,get,Is,Multiple choice: About eighty percent of the students in his class _ below sixteen. A. is B. are C. am D. be 2. There _ a map of the world and some pictures on the wall. A. is B. are C. am D. be 3. A large quantity of water pipes _ needed. A. are B. is C. has D. have,B,A,A,4. How and why he _ come to Princeton, New Jersey _ a story of struggle, success a