新标准大学英语综合教程3课文翻译和课后习题答案-Unit-6

1、Text,Dealing with unfamiliar words 5. Match the words in the box with their definitions. 6. Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 5. 7. Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. 8. Answer the questions about the words and expressions.

2、,Exercises,5. Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 to make a fire stop burning ( ) 2 the total number of people who have been killed or hurt ( ) 3 an extremely difficult or frightening situation ( ),Exercises,extinguish,toll,nightmare,4 a very sad event that causes people to suffer o

3、r die ( ) 5 as much as possible ( ) 6 impressive actions that prove someone is very brave ( ) 7 happening in a confused way and without any order or organization ( ),Exercises,tragedy,utmost,heroism,chaotic,6. Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 5. For a firefighter

4、 arriving on the scene of a fire the first few minutes are usually the most (1)_. He has to (2)_ the fire, he also needs to find out if human lives are in danger. When people are trapped inside a building he must act swiftly to prevent (3)_, or, in the (4) _ scenario to keep the death (5) _ to a min

5、imum. Actions like these require the (6) _degree of (7) _.,Exercises,chaotic,extinguish,tragedy,nightmare,toll,utmost,heroism,7. Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. 1 Hes a very honest, fair and well-behaved sort of person. 2 Id like to express my thanks for e

6、verything youve done for me.,Exercises,decent,gratitude,3 There was a group of cows standing in the corner of the field. 4 There have been very big increases in food prices over the last few months. 5 All the people should leave the building immediately when the alarm sounds. 6 She has displayed all

7、 the qualities needed for being a leader in her job.,Exercises,herd,massive,evacuate,leadership,8. Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1 If you are raring to go, are you eager to (a) leave, or (b) start an activity? 2 If you get your bearings, do you (a) lose your way, or (b) find

8、out where you are? 3 If you are nowhere close to done, do you (a) still have a lot more work to do to finish the job, or (b) still feel strong and ready to work?,8. Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1 If you are raring to go, are you eager to (a) leave, or (b) start an activity?

9、2 If you get your bearings, do you (a) lose your way, or (b) find out where you are? 3 If you are nowhere close to done, do you (a) still have a lot more work to do to finish the job, or (b) still feel strong and ready to work?,Exercises,4 If you havent made a dent in something, have you (a) made go

10、od progress, or (b) hardly begun the job? 5 Is a racket (a) a loud and unpleasant noise, or (b) a low musical sound? 6 If something goes berserk, is it (a) quiet and well-behaved, or (b) out of control?,Exercises,4 If you havent made a dent in something, have you (a) made good progress, or (b) hardl

11、y begun the job? 5 Is a racket (a) a loud and unpleasant noise, or (b) a low musical sound? 6 If something goes berserk, is it (a) quiet and well-behaved, or (b) out of control?,7 Does whatever the hell it was suggest that the writer (a) knew exactly what the noise was, or (b) didnt know what the no

12、ise was? 8 If something is part of the shorthand, can you (a) easily understand it, or (b) not understand it? 9 If you are fumbling for a fix, are you (a) trying to understand something, or (b) trying to stay where you are?,Exercises,7 Does whatever the hell it was suggest that the writer (a) knew e

13、xactly what the noise was, or (b) didnt know what the noise was? 8 If something is part of the shorthand, can you (a) easily understand it, or (b) not understand it? 9 If you are fumbling for a fix, are you (a) trying to understand something, or (b) trying to stay where you are?,Reading and interpre

14、ting 9. Look at the sentences from the passage and answer the questions. 10. Work in pairs and answer the questions.,Exercises,Exercises,Exercises,Exercises,Exercises,Exercises,9. Look at the sentences from the passage and answer the questions. 1 Some guys were sweating like pigs. Why? Because they

15、felt hot and exhausted. They had been engaged in heavy physical activities. 2 we all froze. What does this mean? It means we stayed completely still. 3 Every possible worst-case scenario, and a few more besides. What was the firefighter imagining? He was imagining an extremely big fire or explosion.

16、,Exercises,4 I thought about my wife and my kids, but only fleetingly and not in any kind of life-flashing-before-my-eyes sort of way. So does he look back over his whole life in a single second? No, he just thought about his family very quickly. 5 “Ill see you at the big one.” What is the big one,

17、and why dont firefighters call it by its name? They minimize the fire which has just happened and imagine the ultimate fire. The expression is one common to firefighters, so they know what they are referring to.,Exercises,6 All of these thoughts were landing in my brain in a kind of flashpoint What

18、are these thoughts, and how do they contrast with the situation in the north tower? What do they tell us about Picciotto? The thoughts are about Picciottos family, job, the bagels, firefighters customs, his colleagues, the things his life consists of, his values, his bravery and yet his ordinariness

19、.,Exercises,10. Work in pairs and answer the questions. 1 What has been omitted in the elliptical sentence Dead solid still? The complete sentence might be we stood dead solid still. 2 Which different things does the writer compare the noise of the falling building to? It was like an earthquake, an

20、amusement park thrill ride, a thousand runaway trains, a herd of wild beasts, and the thunder of a rockslide.,Exercises,3 How many sentences begin with I thought? Four. I thought about my wife and kids . I thought about the job . I thought about the bagels . I thought how we firemen . 4 What other e

21、xamples of repetition can you find in the passage? Repetition of like for describing the sound of the building collapsing.,Exercises,5 How many similes can you find in the passage? Six: sweating like pigs; shaking like in an earthquake; like an amusement park thrill ride gone berserk; like a thousan

22、d runaway trains speeding towards me; like a herd of wild beasts; like the thunder of a rockslide . 6 Which are the most effective? I like the simile like a thousand runaway trains speeding towards me, because it really suggests the power of the forces the writer feels approaching him.,Exercises,7 W

23、hat makes the passage most memorable? The figurative language. The rush of similes and metaphors creates mood through association (earthquakes, berserk warriors, wild animals) and gives a sense of confusion and many things happening at once. The ellipsis gives the impression of events speeding by. T

24、here is no time even to use full grammatical forms. Repetitions are similar to the way the brain reacts to extreme stress. Some thoughts seem to get stuck and occur again and again.,Exercises,8 How would a newspaper account have been different? It would be more factual and less emotional. Newspaper

25、reporters do not use similes and avoid repetition. A story of a flood in a newspaper would say soberly that the river burst its banks, flooded a certain area of land and caused x-amount of damage to crops and left y-number of people homeless. A descriptive piece might compare the river to a dragon r

26、ising in fury and try to express the sound of the water as it poured over dikes built to hold it in. A journalist chooses words for precise meaning whereas a descriptive writer wants effects.,Exercises,Developing critical thinking 11. Work in pairs and discuss the questions. 1 Picciotto says he and

27、his men were “just doing their job”. Do you agree? Yes, firefighters must extinguish fires and rescue victims. No, they were going beyond it by staying so long and risking their lives.,Exercises,2 Do you think his book is the best possible tribute to the firefighters who died? It is certainly a way

28、of remembering what they suffered. We think probably the best would be looking after their families for them. 3 What do you think the long-term effects of doing a heroic job like this are? It must be very stressful always looking forward to the next big one. 4 Do you think that extraordinary events

29、like 9/11 can make ordinary people into heroes? Yes. We also saw many examples of that during the Sichuan earthquake when many ordinary people did heroic things.,Exercises,Text,Last man down The firemans story 11 September 2001 9:59 AM 1 It came as if from nowhere. 2 There were about two dozen of us

30、 by the bank of elevators on the 35th floor of the north tower of the World Trade Center. We were firefighters, mostly, and we were in various stages of exhaustion. Some guys were sweating like pigs. Some had their turnout coats off, or tied around their waists. Quite a few were breathing heavily. O

31、thers were raring to go. All of us were taking a beat to catch our breaths, and our bearings, figure out what the hell was going on. Wed been at this thing, hard, for almost an hour, some a little bit less, and we were nowhere close to done. Of course, we had no idea what there was left to do, but w

32、e hadnt made a dent.,Text,3 And then the noise started, and the building began to tremble, and we all froze. Dead solid still. Whatever there had been left to do would now have to wait. For what, we had no idea, but it would wait. Or, it wouldnt, but that wasnt the point. The point was that no one w

33、as moving. To a man, no one moved, except to lift his eyes to the ceiling, to see where the racket was coming from. As if we could see clear through the ceiling tiles for an easy answer. No one spoke. There wasnt time to turn thought into words, even though there was time to think.,Text,For me anywa

34、y, there was time to think, too much time to think, and my thoughts were all over the place. Every possible worst-case scenario, and a few more besides. The building was shaking like in an earthquake, like an amusement park thrill ride gone berserk, but it was the rumble that struck me still with fe

35、ar. The sheer volume of it. The way it coursed right through me. I couldnt think what the hell would make a noise like that. Like a thousand runaway trains speeding towards me. Like a herd of wild beasts. Like the thunder of a rockslide. Hard to put it into words, but whatever the hell it was it was

36、 gaining speed, and gathering force, and getting closer, and I was stuck in the middle, unable to get out of its path.,Text,4 Its amazing, the kind of thing you think about when there should be no time to think. I thought about my wife and my kids, but only fleetingly and not in any kind of life-fla

37、shing-before-my-eyes sort of way. I thought about the job, how close I was to making deputy. I thought about the bagels I had left on the kitchen counter back at the firehouse. I thought how we firemen were always saying to each other, Ill see you at the big one. Or, Well all meet at the big one. I

38、never knew how it started, or when Id picked up on it myself, but it was part of our shorthand.,Text,Meaning, no matter how big this fire is, therell be another one bigger, somewhere down the road. Well make it through this one, and well make it through that one, too. I always said it, at big fires,

39、 and I always heard it back, and here I was, thinking I would never say or hear these words again, because there would never be another fire as big as this. This was the big one we had all talked about, all our lives, and if I hadnt known this before just before these chilling moments this sick, bla

40、ck noise now confirmed it.,Text,5 I fumbled for some fix on the situation, thinking maybe if I understood what was happening I could steel myself against it. All of these thoughts were landing in my brain in a kind of flashpoint, one on top of the other and all at once, but there they were. And each

41、 thought landed fully formed, as if there might be time to act on each, when in truth there was no time at all.,Text,Postscript 6 Richard Picciotto (also known as Pitch) was in the north tower of the World Trade Center when it collapsed in the aftermath of the massive terrorist attack on 11 Septembe

42、r 2001. A battalion commander for the New York Fire Department, he was on the scene of the disaster within minutes of the attack, to lead seven companies of firefighters into the tower to help people trapped and to extinguish fires blazing everywhere.,Text,7 The north tower was the first of the twin

43、 towers to be hit. It was followed 17 minutes later by the south tower. The south tower, however, was the first to collapse, at 9:59 am. At that moment, Picciotto was in the north tower, racing upwards by the stairs because the elevators were out of action. He then gave the order to evacuate. On the

44、 12th story he came across 50 people amid the debris, too badly hurt or frightened to move. Picciotto and his men helped them down. When he reached the seventh floor, the tower fell, and he was buried beneath thousands of tons of rubble. He eventually came round four hours later, leading his men to

45、safety.,Text,8 Picciotto was the highest ranking firefighter to survive the attack. The chief of the department, the first deputy and the chief of rescue operations had all been killed. Altogether the death toll included 343 firefighters and more than 3,000 civilians.,Text,9 Picciotto tells the stor

46、y in his book Last Man Down. He uses a dramatic first person style which gives the reader an idea of the nightmare and the chaotic confusion of one of the darkest days in the history of the United States, the tragedy now known to the world simply as 9/11, but a day of utmost humanity and heroism too

47、. Published in 2002, the book became an immediate best-seller, which the author wrote in gratitude, and intended as a tribute to, his decent and trustworthy comrades who gave their lives. Its also a testimony to his leadership skills. As he says, “People call us heroes, but we were just doing our jo

48、b.”,Text,最后撤出的人：消防员的故事 2001年9月11日上午9时59分 1 它似乎是从天而降。 2 在世贸中心北塔35层的一组电梯旁，当时大约有20多个人。我们中绝大多数是消防员，个个都差不多精疲力竭了。有的人大汗淋漓，有的脱掉了他们的消防战斗服，或是把它们扎在腰间。有好几个人大口地喘着粗气。其他人迫不及待地想要离开这儿。我们所有的人都停了下来，想喘口气，清醒一下头脑，搞明白到底出了什么事。我们已经在这儿拼命战斗了差不多一个小时了，有些人时间稍微短一点儿，可我们根本看不见哪里是尽头。当然，我们也不知道自己还能干点儿什么，没有一点儿进展。,Text,3 接着传来一阵巨大的响声，整个大楼

49、开始颤动起来，我们都愣住了。站在那儿一动不动。不管本来要做什么，现在都只能等一下了。可要等什么呢？我们不知道，但是还得等。或许我们不用等，可是问题不在这儿。问题是大家都站在那儿一动不动。所有的人中间没有一个人动，只是有人抬头看了看天花板，想搞清楚这巨大的声响到底是从哪儿传来的。好像我们都能透过天花板，很容易就找到答案似的。没有人开口说话。即便是有时间思考，我们也没有时间把思维转变成语言。,Text,不管怎么说，我还有时间思考，有太多时间去想了，我思绪万千。我想到了每一个可能发生的最糟糕的情况，还有一些别的事情。大楼在剧烈摇晃着，像地震了似的，也像是游乐园里惊耸狂奔的过山车，可真正让我胆颤心惊的

50、是这巨大的轰隆声。这声音实在是太大了。好像直接从我身体中飞快地穿了过去。我真想不出来是什么东西会发出如此大的响声。好像一千辆失控了的火车朝我疾速驶来。好像一群狂奔着的野兽。又好像是山崩时发出的巨大轰鸣声。太难用语言来形容了，但不管这该死的声音是什么，此刻它传得越来越快，声音越来越大，离我们越来越近，而我被困在其中，没有办法逃脱。,Text,4 真是奇怪，这种时候你应该是没有时间思考的，可是你满脑子都在想着那些事。我想到了老婆和孩子，只是在脑海里一闪而过，并不是把自己的人生都回顾了一番那样。我想到了工作，我离当上支队长只有一步之遥了。我想到了放在消防队厨柜上的面包圈。我想起我们消防员平常总互相打

51、趣说：“在大火中见吧。”或者是“我们肯定会在大火中碰面的。”我不知道这种说法是怎么来的，或者我自己是从什么时候开始说起这种话来的，但这就是我们的暗语。,Text,意思是不管这场火有多大，以后在别处还会有比这更大的。我们能安然无恙地度过这场火，也会安然无恙地度过下一场火。遇到一场大火时，我总是这么说，也总听别人这么说，可现在我呆在这儿，想着自己再也不会说这样的话了，也不会再听到别人这么说了，因为再也不会有比这更大的火了。这会是我们大家一辈子都在说的那场大火，如果以前就在这一个个令人胆战心惊的瞬间之前我没有认识到这一点的话，现在这浑厚的、不祥的响声印证了这一点。,Text,5 我琢磨着有什么办法能

52、改变我们的处境。我想如果搞明白了现在发生了什么事，也许我就能应对了。所有这些思绪在我脑子里一个连着一个地闪现，想完一个又是另一个，一时间都堆积在我的脑子里。每个想法都是那么完整，好像我有足够的时间一个个地付诸行动似的，而事实上我根本没有时间。,Text,后评 6 2001年9月11日，在世贸中心遭到恐怖分子袭击而倒塌时， 理查德皮乔托（也被称作“皮奇” ）正在世贸中心的北塔里。作为纽约消防局的一名大队长，他在袭击发生后的几分钟之内就赶到了现场，带领七个中队的消防队员进入北塔，解救受困人员，扑灭四处蔓延的大火。,Text,7 北塔是世贸双塔中最先受到攻击的。17分钟后南塔也遭到了袭击。而南塔第一

53、个倒塌，时间是9点59分。当时皮乔托正在北塔里，沿着楼梯往上跑，因为电梯根本工作不了了。这时他下达了撤退的命令。到达12层时，他看到了50个人被压在废墟底下，他们有的受了重伤动弹不了，有的惊慌失措。皮乔托和他的部下扶着他们往下走。到第七层时，北塔塌了，他被埋在几千吨的瓦砾之下。过了四个小时，他终于醒了过来，领 着他的部下到达安全的地方。,Text,8 皮乔托是袭击中幸存下来的最高级别的消防员。纽约消防局局长、第一支队长以及救援队队长全部都以身殉职了。整个事件中共有343名消防队员献出了生命，超过3,000名平民丧生。,Text,9 皮乔托在他的最后撤出的人一书中讲述了他的经历。他用一种扣人心弦

54、的第一人称的方式向读者描述了被认为是美国历史上最黑暗的日子、也是世人皆知的9/11那天，人们所经历的恶梦般的恐惧和混乱，当然这也是人道主义精神和英雄主义精神展现得最淋漓尽致的一天。 此书于2002年一出版就立即成为一本畅销书，作者抱着一颗感恩的心写了这本书，并欲以此书向那些品德高尚、值得信赖，并献出了生命的战友们致敬。当然，这本书也展示了他的领导才能。正如他所说的，“人们都称我们为英雄，其实我们只是在干我们的本职工作。”,Text,Words wild or frenzied 非常激动；发狂 go berserk 1) become very excited 非常激动；发狂 e.g. The

55、home crowd went berserk when their side scored again. 主场的人群在他们一方再次得分之后欣喜若狂。 2) become very angry and violent 狂怒，暴跳如雷 e.g. Dad went berserk when he found out. 爸爸知道以后勃然大怒。,Words if sth. happens amid particular feelings or events, it happens while people have these feelings or while these events are ha

56、ppening （在声音等的）包围中；在中间；在气氛下 e.g. 1. Norman stepped onto the stage amid applause. 诺曼在掌声中走上了舞台。 2. He drank off a glass of beeramidtheir cheers. 在他们的欢呼声中，他把杯子里的啤酒一饮而尽。 3. Talks broke down amid accusations of a hostile takeover bid. 谈判在对敌意接管的一片指责声中破裂了。,Words besides, he has humor and likes outdoor acti

57、vities. 他是一个可信赖的人，并且有幽默感、喜欢户外活动。 Synonyms: dependable, reliable,Words the action of leading a group of people or an organization 领导才能；领导 e.g. 1. Most people complained that the mayor didnt show enough leadership. 大多数人抱怨市长没表现出足够的领导才能。 2. In the crisis he showed real leadership. 他在危机中显示了真正的领导才能。 3. Wh

58、en Smith died, Blair took over the leadership of the party. 史密斯去世后，布莱尔接任这个政党的领导。,Words in many directions 到处；各方 e.g. There were bodies all over the place after the tsunami. 海啸过后尸横遍野。,Words understand 解决；弄懂，了解 e.g. 1. He was trying to figure out why the camera wasnt working. 他想弄懂这架照相机为什么失灵了。 2. Could

59、 you help me figure out this problem? 你能帮我解决这问题吗? 3. Women. I just cant figure them out. 女人。我真理解不了她们。,Language Points,Wed been at this thing, hard, for almost an hour, some a little bit less, and we were nowhere close to done. To be at this thing is a slang expression which means to work on this mission. The expression nowhere close to done means someone is far from completing their work. 翻译：,Language Points,我们已经在这儿拼命战斗了差不多一个小时了，有些人时间稍微短一点儿，可我们根本看不见哪里是尽头。,A